初始中心优化的K—Means聚类算法

1.引言聚类分析(clustering)是人工智能研究的重要领域。聚类方法被广泛研究并应用于机器学习、统计分析、模式识别以及数据库数据挖掘与知识发现等不同的领域。各种聚类方法中,基于目标函数的K-Means聚类方法应用极为广泛,根据聚类结果的表达方式又可分为硬K-Means(HCM)算法、模糊K-Means算法(FCM)和概率K-Means算法(PCM)。各种K-Means算法都以确定的目标函数来测度聚类的效果,最佳的聚类效果对应于目标函数的极值点。由于目标函数局部极小值点的存在以及算法的贪心性,导致聚类结果对初始中心敏感,往往达不到全局最优。     

基于统计检验的模糊聚类神经网络

针对模糊聚类神经网络FCNN原有学习算法对初值敏感性、吸引域不灵活和稳定点不合理等局限性。本文提出基于统计检验的模糊聚类神经网络FCNN-ST。通过引入T平方抽样的单峰分布模式统计检验逐步调整网络结构。确定最佳聚类数c。并使算法的稳定点趋于合理的聚类中心。仿真结果表明。FCNN-ST具有较好的鲁棒性。     

隐隶属度模糊c均值聚类算法

针对基于粒子群的模糊聚类算法运算效率较低的问题,提出隐隶属度模糊c均值聚类算法HMFCM(hidden-membership fuzzy c-means clustering)。HMFCM算法将FCM模糊隶属度迭代公式代入FCM目标函数中约简,得到无模糊隶属度的HMFCM目标函数,并利用PSO算法对聚类中心进行编码寻优,最后利用样本与聚类中心距离进行类别判决。HMFCM算法无需计算样本模糊隶属度,降低了聚类算法复杂度,提高了算法的计算效率及精度,而且该方法可以推广到其他基于生物寻优的聚类算法。通过仿真实验验证了所提出算法的有效性和时效性。     

一种新的模糊聚类神经网络及其在语音信号系统辨识中的应用

主要解决语音信号模型的系统辨识问题.针对过去的模糊聚类算法进行系统辨识时逼近性能不理想的问题,提出了一种新的模糊聚类神经网络(FCNN).该方法以模糊系统模型为基础,将每个状态看作一个模糊系统,用连续的若干序列作为系统的输入,利用改进的模糊聚类辨识算法构成一种新型的模糊聚类神经网络,对系统的输出进行预测.通过语音信号系统辨识的实验,验证了本网络的有效性.     

基于伪F统计FAMC算法的基因表达数据分析

基因芯片技术在给人类带来巨大机遇的同时也带来一些挑战.针对基因表达数据的海量性,以及基因类属的不确定性等问题,提出了一种基于伪F统计量(PFS)的模糊属性均值聚类FAMC(fuzzy attribute c-means clustering)算法,并就模糊参数m的确定问题提出了有效的解决方法.最后将其在标准的基因表达数据上进行测试分析,取得了较优的聚类结果.     

深度卷积自编码图像聚类算法

针对现有深度卷积嵌入聚类算法(deep convolutional embedded clustering,DCEC)的网络特征损失过大,对复杂图像没有提取有效特征的问题,提出一个具有17层网络结构的无监督深度聚类框架,并在编码层加入下采样层,减少参数和防止过拟合;在解码层加入上采样层还原下采样造成的细节损失。分别结合DEC(deep embedded clustering)算法的损失函数和IDEC(improved deep embedded clustering)算法的采用局部结构保留优势的损失函数,得到两种基于卷积自编码的深度学习图像聚类算法DEC_DCNN(deep embedded clustering based on deep convolutional neural network)和IDEC_DCNN(improved deep embedded clustering based on deep convolutional neural network),并使用自适应矩估计(adaptive moment estimation,Adam)和小批量随机梯度下降(mini-batch stochastic gradient decent,mini-batch SGD)两种优化方法调整模型参数。3个经典图像数据集的实验结果显示,提出的17层网络结构对图像特征具有很好的鲁棒性和通用性,基于该网络结构的深度聚类算法取得了远优于现有深度聚类算法的结果,其聚类准确率均优于对比算法;对深度聚类算法DEC_DCNN和IDEC_DCNN的聚类结果准确率、指标值AMI(adjusted mutual information)和ARI(adjusted rand index)进行比较,IDEC_DCNN比DEC_DCNN的聚类性能更好,说明IDEC_DCNN算法的性能更优越。     

一种基于改进的FCNN网络模型的学习算法

本文给出了基于模糊聚类神经网络的新的网络模型及相应的学习算法,该算法可以有 效地克服FCNN算法的不足。     

基于样本-特征加权的可能性模糊核聚类算法

经典的模糊C-均值聚类算法存在对噪声数据较为敏感、未考虑样本属性特征间的不平衡性及对高维数据聚类不理想等问题,而可能性聚类算法虽然解决了噪声敏感和一致性聚类问题,但算法假定每个样本对聚类的贡献程度一样。针对以上问题,提出了一种基于样本-特征加权的可能性模糊核聚类算法,将可能性聚类应用到模糊聚类中以提高其对噪声或例外点的抗干扰能力;同时,根据不同类的具体特性动态计算样本各个属性特征对不同类别的重要性权值及各个样本对聚类的重要性权值,并优化选取核参数,不断修正核函数把原始空间中非线性可分的数据集映射到高维空间中的可分数据集。实验结果表明,基于样本-特征加权模糊聚类算法能够减少噪声数据和例外点的影响,比传统的聚类算法具有更好的聚类准确率。     

基于模糊聚类神经网络的语音识别方法

提出了一种基于模糊神经网络的语音识别方法.该方法以模糊系统模型为基础,利用改进的模糊聚类辨识算法,构成一种新型的模糊聚类神经网络（FCNN）,并将其作为概率密度函数的估计器,对每个状态的输出进行预测.它不仅能有效地在语音识别中引入帧间相关信息,而且能克服状态输出概率密度函数为混合高斯分布的束缚.通过对非特定人汉语孤立词和连续音节的语音识别实验,证实了该方法的有效性.     

基于样本-特征加权的可能性模糊核聚类算法

经典的模糊C-均值聚类算法存在对噪声数据较为敏感、未考虑样本属性特征间的不平衡性及对高维数据聚类不理想等问题,而可能性聚类算法虽然解决了噪声敏感和一致性聚类问题,但算法假定每个样本对聚类的贡献程度一样。针对以上问题,提出了一种基于样本-特征加权的可能性模糊核聚类算法,将可能性聚类应用到模糊聚类中以提高其对噪声或例外点的抗干扰能力;同时,根据不同类的具体特性动态计算样本各个属性特征对不同类别的重要性权值及各个样本对聚类的重要性权值,并优化选取核参数,不断修正核函数把原始空间中非线性可分的数据集映射到高维空间中的可分数据集。实验结果表明,基于样本-特征加权模糊聚类算法能够减少噪声数据和例外点的影响,比传统的聚类算法具有更好的聚类准确率。     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.     

Call for Papers The 6^th International Conference on Grid and Cooperative Computing

Recent years have seen rapid advances in various grid-related technologies, middleware, and applications. The GCC conference has become one of the largest scientific events worldwide in grid and cooperative computing. The 6th international conference on grid and cooperative computing (GCC2007) Sponsored by China Computer Federation (CCF),Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICT) and Xinjiang University ,and in Cooperation with IEEE Computer Soceity ,is to be held from August 16 to 18, 2007 in Urumchi, Xinjiang, China.     

The Distributed Time-Triggered Simulation Scheme: Core Principles and Supporting Execution Engine

Distributed real-time simulation is a young technology field but its practice is under increasing demands. In recent years the author and his collaborators have been establishing a new approach called the distributed time-triggered simulation (DTS) scheme which is conceptually simple and easy to use but widely applicable. The concept was initiated in the course of developing a new-generation object-oriented real-time programming scheme called the time-triggered message-triggered object (TMO) programming scheme. Some fundamental issues inherent in distributed real-time simulation that were learned during recent experimental studies are discussed along with some approaches for resolving the issues. An execution engine developed to support both the TMOs engaged in control computation and the TMOs engaged in DTS is also discussed along with its possible extensions that will enable significantly larger-scale DTSs.     

Software-Konfigurationsmanagement in großen Softwareprojekten

Zusammenfassung Mit zunehmender Größe der Softwaresysteme verschärfen sich die für die Software-Herstellung typischen Probleme: Beherrschen großer Objektmengen, Erhalten der Systemkonsistenz, Kontrolle der ständigen Änderungseinflüsse und Gewährleisten einer langen Lebensdauer. Die Disziplin Konfigurationsmanagement bildet den methodischen Ansatz, diese Probleme besser zu beherrschen. Software-Konfigurationsmanagement faßt die Herstellung von Softwaresystemen als eine Abfolge von kontrollierten Änderungen an gesicherten Zwischen- und Endergebnissen auf. Dargestellt werden die Objekte und Funktionen des Software-Konfigurationsmanagements sowie die hierfür in großen Software-Projekten benötigten Methoden, Instanzen und Hilfsmittel.     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and     

Editorial:Brain-machine interface(BMI) and cyborg intelligence

正Brain-machine interfaces(BMIs)aim at building a direct communication pathway between the brain and an external device,and represent an area of research where significant progress has been made during the past decade.Based on BMIs,mind information can be read out by neural signals to control     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate     

SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 57(2014)

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