基于灵敏度分析和综合权衡的信息安全管理系统评估

采用灵敏度分析和综合权衡分析方法,研究信息安全管理系统的评估问题.构建一个包括整体评估、性能指标灵敏度分析和系统优化三个层面的信息安全管理系统评估框架,提出了包含综合权衡方法和灵敏度分析方法的用于信息安全管理系统的评估方法.     

综合灵敏度H^∞优化设计的算法实现

本文采用状态空间表示法给出综合灵敏度 H~∞优化设计的一种算法.这种算法的特点是维数低,计算简单、便于计算机实现.     

软件质量综合评价方法研究

根据软件产品质量特点，给出质量综合模糊评价模型，并对模型中定量化方法作了较详细地讨论。     

基于DEA交叉评价的模糊综合评价模型及其应用

借鉴数据包络分析(DEA)交叉评价的思想,首先将评价系统内的指标分为量化指标和非量化指标,在定义平均交叉效率、最小交叉效率和最大交叉效率概念的基础上,采用交叉评价方法对量化数据进行处理;然后对最小交叉效率值、平均交叉效率值和最大交叉效率值进行模糊化,模糊化之后将其作为模糊综合评价的指标与非量化指标一起进行二次评价,以建立基于DEA交叉评价的模糊综合评价模型;最后通过评价实例验证了所提出的模型在处理客观数据与主观因素并存的多属性决策中的客观性和全面性.     

基于灵敏度分析的动态指标选取方法

在传统的方法中,采用静态的评价指标来评估动态发展的事物,显然是不合时宜的。为了对动态发展的事物进行客观的评价,该文提出了一种基于灵敏度分析的动态指标选取方法。该方法应用评价指标对评价结果影响程度的大小来进行评价指标的取舍,有力地避免了人为主观因素对评价指标体系建立的影响。该方法具有以下两个优点：指标的动态选取和指标的客观选取。该文以坦克陆上机动性能评估指标体系的建立为例,就如何进行评估中指标及其数量的选取这一问题,详细介绍了这种方法的具体应用。不难看出,只要评价方法正确,应用这种“基于灵敏度分析的动态指标选取”方法。建立一套动态的、客观的评价指标体系完全是正确的、可行的。     

警务绩效的模糊综合评价方法研究

警务绩效评估有利于强化警察机构的组织管理,提高警察的工作效能。针对警务绩效的综合评价问题,制定了警务绩效评估原则,建立了多因素、多层次的警务绩效评价指标体系,并基于模糊数学的评判理论,提出对警务绩效进行整体评价的多级模糊综合评价方法,最后通过一个应用实例,验证了该方法的有效性和实用性。     

警务绩效的模糊综合评价方法研究

警务绩效评估有利于强化警察机构的组织管理,提高警察的工作效能。针对警务绩效的综合评价问题,制定了警务绩效评估原则,建立了多因素、多层次的警务绩效评价指标体系,并基于模糊数学的评判理论,提出对警务绩效进行整体评价的多级模糊综合评价方法,最后通过一个应用实例,验证了该方法的有效性和实用性。     

软硬件可靠性综合评价方法研究

首先阐述了软硬件可靠性综合评价方法 ,并对现有综合评价方法进行深入分析和总结,将现有方法分为基于故障数据融合的方法、基于多模型综合的方法和基于系统结构分解的方法三类并进行比较。在此基础上,分别从失效过程融合、评价结果融合以及微观结构融合三个方面进行了综合评价方法机理分析,得出基于评价结果融合的方法未能有效解决软硬件失效机理不同对综合评价的影响从而造成评价准确性较差,而其他两类方法则在较大程度上考虑了软硬件失效机理不同,因此评价准确性高,最后讨论了软硬件综合评价方法未来有前景的研究方向。     

图书馆网站的综合评价方法研究

图书馆网站是现代化图书馆自我展示的窗口,如何科学合理的评价图书馆网站以提高其建设质量显得尤为重要.通过对图书馆网站的分析,建立了其评价指标体系,利用灰色统计的方法来确定模糊测评矩阵,并利用信息论中的熵技术来确定相应评价指标的权重,然后运用模糊方法对网站进行了综合评价,从而为提高图书馆网站建设质量提供了有益的理论参考.     

装备综合保障包评价方法研究

开展装备综合保障包评价方法研究的目的,是从要素、特性、数据以及信息等几个角度定量和定性的对综合保障包的生成过程及成果予以评价,论证并分析保障包评价实施的过程、指标体系和评价模型,为后续装备保障包的研制和使用单位提供评价方法和技术支撑。本文根据美军装备综合保障理论研究的最新成果,通过系统研究美军装备综合保障系统的相关文献及相关系统的开发经验,在综合保障包理论研究、研制要求和研究成果的基础上,主要研究构建了装备综合保障包技术体系所需的有效的评价方法,同时研究了如何开展综合保障包的评价工作,明确了评价的主体和客体、评价目标、评价步骤、评价内容和评价方法。通过上述研究,构建了装备综合保障包技术体系所需的评价方法,并将其应用于装备综合保障体系中,解决了评价指标和评价标准模糊性的问题,既克服了人为主观臆断,又使评价结果更加科学准确,为新体制下装备综合保障体系建设的进一步发展提供了参考和支撑。     

网管系统的性能模糊综合评价模型

针对网管系统性能评价研究中的度量问题,运用性能指标和模糊数学方法对性能评价进行模糊化处理,以度量的性能数据为基础,采用模糊综合评价方法评价质量因子,通过建立性能综合评价模型,有效地解决了多指标评价问题,可用于指导软件开发人员进行网管系统性能改进。     

灰熵并行分析法多目标次序敏感性研究

针对多目标优化算法对目标次序表现敏感这一特点,提出对灰熵并行分析法的目标次序敏感性进行分析.以多目标流水车间调度问题为对象,建立不同目标次序的多目标流水车间调度模型,以基于灰熵并行分析的GA优化不同次序的多目标模型.定义敏感系数,绘制敏感系数曲线图.实验结果表明,灰熵并行分析法对目标次序敏感,按目标值大小排列的升序和降序并不是最好的次序,震荡次序敏感系数最小.表明多目标优化时要选择合理目标次序以获得更好的优化结果.算法适应度值同样对目标次序敏感,对算法搜索效果影响明显.     

基于EFAST方法的SEBS模型参数全局敏感性分析

应用高效、稳健的EFAST方法,以黑河流域盈科绿洲站为例,从3个方面对SEBS模型的参数敏感性进行了分析:分别以感热通量(H)、潜热通量(λE)、蒸发比(fr)作为SEBS模型的输出结果,分析其对12个输入参数的敏感性;利用气象数据驱动模型,分析H、λE和fr对6个地表特征参数的敏感性;分析了参数取值范围对敏感性分析结果的影响。研究结果表明:H、λE与fr都对参考高度处的气温和风速、地表温度以及植被特征参数的敏感性较高。参数间相互作用对H、λE的间接影响很小,而对fr的影响较大。当气象输入参数确定时,6个地表参数中地表温度对模型输出的直接贡献最大,其主敏感度指数接近0.6。参数采样范围不同时,模型输入参数的敏感性表现不同。     

一种图像综合中值滤波方法

本文描述了图像中值滤波的原理,提出一种图像综合中值滤波算法,通过测试表明,该算法可明显改善图像中值滤波处理效果。     

基于微分求积法的互连线灵敏度分析

提出一种基于微分求积法、对互连线的响应波形进行灵敏度分析的新方法．以传输线时域模型对互连 线进行建模,在此基础上导出灵敏度分析模型．由于利用了所有离散点的信息,微分求积法通常只需要较少的采样 点就能达到较高的精度．数值算例证明了该方法的有效性．     

基于NDVI阈值法反演地表比辐射率的参数敏感性分析

地表比辐射率是反演地表温度的重要因子,普遍应用于自然界中的水热交换和辐射传输过程。本文通过对基于NDVI阈值法反演地表比辐射率的相关参数进行敏感性研究,确定了影响NDVI阈值法反演地表比辐射率的关键参数,以期通过关键参数获取方法的改进和参数不确定性的降低来提高NDVI阈值法的反演精度。研究以Valor和Caselles在1996年提出的植被指数混合模型为理论基础、湖北省荆门市为研究区域,使用Land-sat TM5数据,采用控制变量法,对NDVI阈值法中影响比辐射率反演精度的大气因子、地形因子、纯像元NDVI阈值、纯像元比辐射率值进行敏感程度的数学分析。研究发现,4大因子敏感性程度:纯像元比辐射率值>纯像元NDVI阈值>地形因子>大气因子,其中纯像元比辐射率值和纯像元NDVI阈值为关键参数;4大因子影响程度:大气因子>纯像元比辐射率值>地形因子>纯像元NDVI阈值。     

Tradeoff and Sensitivity Analysis in Software Architecture Evaluation Using Analytic Hierarchy Process

Software architecture evaluation involves evaluating different architecture design alternatives against multiple quality-attributes. These attributes typically have intrinsic conflicts and must be considered simultaneously in order to reach a final design decision. AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process), an important decision making technique, has been leveraged to resolve such conflicts. AHP can help provide an overall ranking of design alternatives. However it lacks the capability to explicitly identify the exact tradeoffs being made and the relative size of these tradeoffs. Moreover, the ranking produced can be sensitive such that the smallest change in intermediate priority weights can alter the final order of design alternatives. In this paper, we propose several in-depth analysis techniques applicable to AHP to identify critical tradeoffs and sensitive points in the decision process. We apply our method to an example of a real-world distributed architecture presented in the literature. The results are promising in that they make important decision consequences explicit in terms of key design tradeoffs and the architecture's capability to handle future quality attribute changes. These expose critical decisions which are otherwise too subtle to be detected in standard AHP results. Liming Zhu is a PHD candidate in the School of Computer Science and Engineering at University of New South Wales. He is also a member of the Empirical Software Engineering Group at National ICT Australia (NICTA). He obtained his BSc from Dalian University of Technology in China. After moving to Australia, he obtained his MSc in computer science from University of New South Wales. His principle research interests include software architecture evaluation and empirical software engineering. Aybüke Aurum is a senior lecturer at the School of Information Systems, Technology and Management, University of New South Wales. She received her BSc and MSc in geological engineering, and MEngSc and PhD in computer science. She also works as a visiting researcher in National ICT, Australia (NICTA). Dr. Aurum is one of the editors of “Managing Software Engineering Knowledge”, “Engineering and Managing Software Requirements” and “Value-Based Software Engineering” books. Her research interests include management of software development process, software inspection, requirements engineering, decision making and knowledge management in software development. She is on the editorial boards of Requirements Engineering Journal and Asian Academy Journal of Management. Ian Gorton is a Senior Researcher at National ICT Australia. Until Match 2004 he was Chief Architect in Information Sciences and Engineering at the US Department of Energy's Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. Previously he has worked at Microsoft and IBM, as well as in other research positions. His interests include software architectures, particularly those for large-scale, high-performance information systems that use commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) middleware technologies. He received a PhD in Computer Science from Sheffield Hallam University. Dr. Ross Jeffery is Professor of Software Engineering in the School of Computer Science and Engineering at UNSW and Program Leader in Empirical Software Engineering in National ICT Australia Ltd. (NICTA). His current research interests are in software engineering process and product modeling and improvement, electronic process guides and software knowledge management, software quality, software metrics, software technical and management reviews, and software resource modeling and estimation. His research has involved over fifty government and industry organizations over a period of 15 years and has been funded from industry, government and universities. He has co-authored four books and over one hundred and twenty research papers. He has served on the editorial board of the IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering, and the Wiley International Series in Information Systems and he is Associate Editor of the Journal of Empirical Software Engineering. He is a founding member of the International Software Engineering Research Network (ISERN). He was elected Fellow of the Australian Computer Society for his contribution to software engineering research.     

基于差异分析的商业构件评估方法

在基于商业构件的软件开发中,构件评估与选择是贯穿整个开发过程的关键步骤。该文提出一种基于差异分析的构件评估方法,通过辨识构件与需求在功能性上的差异,由功能点模型估算以软件功能规模度量的差异及其相应的修正代价。构件对需求的适应度被定义为符合需求的目标系统的功能规模与以功能规模度量的构件总代价的比率。     

动态贝叶斯网络的灵敏性分析研究

灵敏性分析是研究复杂系统特性的一种重要方法.现有动态灵敏性分析方法都是针对特定类型的动态贝叶斯网络且计算复杂度高.为了对一般动态贝叶斯网络的灵敏性进行有效分析,提出了一种基于联合树的动态灵敏性分析算法(DSA_JT),DSA_JT算法构建动态网络的联合树,通过消息传播建立参数与目标结点的条件概率分布在时间上的函数关系;DSA_JT将联合概率分布分解成局部概率因式形式,通过降低计算幂次提升计算效率,但计算复杂度仍然偏高.为了更有效地提高动态贝叶斯网络灵敏性分析的计算性能,在DSA_JT算法的框架上提出了DSA_BK算法,DSA_BK算法在灵敏性函数计算过程中,用子系统的概率乘积近似整个系统的联合概率,通过对接口结点局部性的边缘化操作更新模型的联合概率分布,进一步降低了计算幂次,并论证了DSA_BK算法误差的有界性.进而,通过对这两种算法过程的抽象,分别给出了动态灵敏度函数计算公式的证明,表明2种算法可以有效处理一般动态贝叶斯网络的灵敏性分析问题.最后,在上证股票网络上的实验结果显示这2种算法的有效性.     

Sensitivity Analysis for Scheduling Problems

This paper represents a first attempt at a systematic study of sensitivity analysis for scheduling problems. Because schedules contain both combinatorial and temporal structures, scheduling problems present unique issues for sensitivity analysis. Some of the issues that we discuss have not been considered before. Others, while studied before, have not been explored in the context of scheduling. The applicability of these issues is illustrated using well-known scheduling models. We provide fast methods to determine when a previously optimal schedule remains optimal. Other methods restore an optimal schedule after a parameter change. The value of studying the sensitivity of an optimal sequence instead of the sensitivity of an optimal schedule is demonstrated. We show that, for some problems, sensitivity analysis results depend on the positions of jobs with changed parameters. We identify scheduling problems where performing additional or different computations during optimization facilitates sensitivity analysis. To improve the robustness of an optimal schedule, selection among multiple optimal schedules is considered. We discuss which types of sensitivity analysis questions are intractable because the scheduling problem itself is intractable. We also study how heuristic error bounds vary when the data of a scheduling problem is continuously modified. Although we focus on scheduling problems, several of the issues we discuss and our classification scheme can be extended to other optimization problems.