省级人口信息资源共享平台设计与实现

提出利用Web Service技术构建省级人口信息资源共享平台,实现全省范围内人口信息共享。该平台的研究和应用对解决云南省乃至公安部金盾工程建设中存在的"信息孤岛"和"重复建设"以及"人口信息标准不统一"等问题意义重大。     

地理信息共享、地理数据标准化及地理信息的GIS描述

从地理信息共享、地理信息标准化研究的角度,着重分析了地理信息在GIS系统中的描述机制,讨论了地理目标、地理实体、地理现象的概念及其间的关系。认为GIS对地理现象的描述是以地理实体及其关系为基本单元的,而地理实体则由表示空间位置形状及空间关系的空间目标及描述物理属性的属性数据共同表示的。     

基于PLIB标准的零件库信息模型及其表达

建立零件库的目的是通过有效的零部件供应渠道和整个供应链的信息集成，实现企业间和企业内部零件资源共享。文中基于PLIB（ISO13584）标准，面向零件族，用形式化的方法和统一的数据格式表达零件库信息，对立零件库信息模型。首先分析对零件库信息表达的需求，然后介绍PLIB标准，最后描述基于PLIB标准的零件库信息模型；并且结合法兰盘零件族，介绍了基于ISO10303-21的零件族信息物理文件表达。     

Investigating ownership and the willingness to share information online

Networks offer the promise of sharing information. This project aims to experimentally investigate aspects of the propensity to share information online, with a specific focus on the system-induced status of information. Is a simple manipulation of the cognitive status of information sufficient to gain changes in sharing levels? A simple computerized game was used to simulate business decision situations that required participants to use information, and enabled sharing it. Our hypotheses compared the willingness to share under different conditions of system-induced ownership of information. Participants’ perception of information source and ownership was the independent variable. Sharing was higher for privately owned expertise than it was for organizationally owned content. Ownership makes a difference. It serves to increase sharing of information. Ownership can and should be framed by system design.     

A STEP-based manufacturing information system to share flexible manufacturing resources data

The paper describes the design and implementation of a Manufacturing Information System as a solution to share and exchange manufacturing data. The Manufacturing Information System possesses relevant features for data sharing and exchanging, that are compliant to the standard ISO 10303, known as STEP¹. It is known that manufacturing planning and execution activities require data from machine-tools, robots, ASRSs², AGVs³ and, on the other hand, computer-based applications (CAM⁴, CAPP⁵ or PAC⁶) use proprietary formats to store flexible manufacturing resources data. The way the proprietary formats are built has lead to incompatibilities and interoperability problems among the applications. It is argued that by solving these problems a qualitative functional synergy will result during manufacturing planning and execution activities. The suggested solution is using a STEP-based information system, a server and a prototype client application. These three programs are implemented in Java classes to facilitate data sharing and exchanging of flexible manufacturing resources.This revised version was published in June 2005 with corrected page numbers.     

用户自定义特征库分类模型研究*

针对传统CAD系统中用户自定义特征库分类不支持特征共享的问题,提出了基于有向无环图的用户自定义特征库分类模型。通过将特征信息作为公共子节点附加到分类树中形成有向无环图,实现了特征的分类和共享,并利用中性的XML文档实现了模型的存储,提高了模型的移植性;最后给出了模型的建立过程。实例表明,该模型简单灵活,极大地提高了用户自定义特征库的分类和共享能力。     

基于Web Service进行信息共享和集成的关键技术

由于Web Service是基于标准协议和规范(包括HTTP、SOAP、XML、WSDL、UDDI等),并且平台独立和语言独立的,因此Web Service已成为基于Internet网进行信息交换、信息共享、信息集成和互操作的主流技术,在电子商务和电子政务中被广泛应用.详细介绍了基于Web Service进行信息共享和集成的关键技术--Web Service异步调用技术和动态调用技术.通过Web Service异步调用技术,实现了Web Service的分布式并行执行,提高了计算的效率.通过Web Service动态调用技术,使整个软件系统具有可扩充性,并且易于维护,能满足Internet环境动态性的要求.     

Information commitments: evaluative standards and information searching strategies in web-based learning environments

Abstract 'Information commitments' include both a set of evaluative standards that Web users utilize to assess the accuracy and usefulness of information in Web-based learning environments (implicit component), and the information searching strategies that Web users use on the Internet (explicit component). An 'Information Commitment Survey' (ICS), consisting of aforementioned components, was developed. The participants of this study were 610 university students, coming from four universities in Taiwan, and their information commitments were surveyed. Through a series of structural equation modelling (SEM) analyses with Linear Structure RELationships (LISREL), this study confirmed the reliability and validity of ICS. More importantly, the causal relationships between the two components of ICS were also examined. The findings showed that learners' evaluative standards on Web materials (implicit component) had significant effects on their information searching strategies in Web-based learning environments (explicit component). For example, learners who utilized an advanced evaluative standard, such as using multiple sources to judge the accuracy of Web materials, were significantly more oriented toward using a sophisticated information searching strategy, such as carefully exploring and elaborating information in Web-based learning environments. In other words, learners' evaluative standards for Web materials should be viewed as important predictors for their searching strategies in Web-based learning environments.     

The influence of information security on the adoption of web-based integrated information systems: an e-government study in Peru

This study analyzes the determinants of information security that influence the adoption of Web-based integrated information systems (IIS) by government agencies in Peru. The study introduces Web-based information systems designed to formulate strategic plans for the Peruvian government. A theoretical model is proposed to test the impact of organizational factors such as deterrent efforts, severity efforts, and preventive efforts and individual factors such as perceived information security threats and security awareness on intentions to use Web-based IIS. The empirical results indicate that deterrent efforts and deterrent severity have no significant influence on use intentions of IIS, whereas preventive efforts play an important role in such intentions. Information security awareness and perceived information security threats as individual factors have a significant effect on intentions to use the system. This suggests that organizations should implement preventive efforts by introducing various information security solutions, and improve information security awareness while reducing perceived information security threats.     

A formal framework to integrate express data models in an extended enterprise context

The paper describes a formal framework to integrate EXPRESS models and facilitate sharing and exchanging of data in an Extended Enterprise context. We perceive in the creation of an Extended Enterprise an opportunity to use standardized data models. Hence our research is based on three important ISO standards whose primary objective is to enhance data exchange. These standards are ISO 10303, ISO 15531 and ISO 13584, known as STEP, MANDATE and PLIB, respectively. Although they are intended to overcome incompatibility problems for the computer-based applications that are used during the product life-cycle, they turned out to be semantically incompatible among themselves. This seems to be a major drawback when individual organizations want to share core competences, such as resources, manufacturing processes, or product design, to create an Extended Enterprise. The constructs we propose harmonize incompatible model components so that core competences can be transparent to the net of enterprises. The proposal is exemplified by creating a mediator application and a repository. The mediator application is used by individual firms to gain access to the core abilities that are shared, whereas the repository is a neutral means to store such competences. It complies with part 21 of the ISO 10303 standard. The proposed formal framework provides a sound model of the information system and facilitates data sharing in the Extended Enterprise.     

基于制造特征的产品族零件工时定额制定方法

为了保证产品族零件工时定额制定的通用性和高效性, 提出了以零件制造特征作为工时载体的工时定额制定新方法。该方法通过建立零件的制造特征模型, 研究了基于零件制造特征的零件相似性判定, 根据零件相似性判定划分了零件组, 对每个零件组内所有零件的工时及其影响因素进行了描述, 并构建了零件组相应的工时描述平台。通过神经网络技术的运用建立了零件的工时神经网络模型, 并结合MATLAB软件对零件工时进行了估算, 实现了产品族零件工时定额的快速制定。最后, 通过案例阐述了新方法的具体实现过程。     

文本分类中信息增益特征选择方法的研究

分析了传统信息增益(IG)特征选择方法忽略了特征项在类间、类内分布信息的缺点,引入类内分散度、类间集中度等因素,区分与类强相关的特征;针对传统信息增益(IG)特征选择方法没有很好组合正相关特征和负相关特征的问题,引入比例因子来平衡特征出现和不出现时的信息量,降低在不平衡语料集上负相关特征的比例,提高分类效果.通过实验证明了改进的信息增益特征选择方法的有效性和可行性.     

环境监测信息共享与时空表达研究

在我国环境监测体系的建设过程中,各种监测系统大多相互独立,缺少统一数据格式和系统规范,环境监测信息共享与可视化问题急待解决;针对此,研究了环境信息集成与共享技术,基于环境信息元数据内容及空问数据库管理引擎,提出了环境监测数据仓库的概念;同时还提出了面向对象的环境监测时空数据建模与时空表达技术;基于上述方法设计实现的环境监测信息共享与时空表达原型系统已投人广州市环境监测体系中测试;结果表明,基于广州市建立的包含信息共享与时空表达的环境监测平台,能够有效地形成一个全面监控环境质量与污染物排放情况的体系,为当地管理部门提供环境监测的数据管理、时空分析和可视化等决策支持服务.     

UWIS: An assessment methodology for usability of web-based information systems

A methodology for usability assessment and design of web-based information systems (UWIS) is proposed. It combines web-based service quality and usability dimensions of information systems. Checklist items with the highest and the lowest contribution to the usability performance of a web-based information system can be specified by UWIS. A case study by a student information system at Fatih University is carried out to validate the methodology. UWIS reveals a strong relationship between quality and usability which is assumed to exist by many researchers but not experimentally analyzed yet. This study depicts a strong relevance between web-based service quality and usability of web-based information systems. UWIS methodology can be used for designing more usable and higher quality web-based information systems.     

基于互信息的文本特征选择方法研究与改进

通过对互信息（MI）文本特征选择方法与信息增益、卡方统计方法的实验研究比较,发现了影响MI方法性能的主要因素是特征选择过程中的随机性,通过加入扰动因子的方法对MI方法进行了改进,消除了随机性的影响,实验表明,改进后的MI方法与信息增益、卡方统计方法比较,具有较明显的优势。     

Why do people share their context information on Social Network Services? A qualitative study and an experimental study on users' behavior of balancing perceived benefit and risk

Despite the rapid growth of context-aware systems and ubiquitous computing, the factors influencing users' decision to share their context information in a social setting are poorly understood. This study aims to clarify why users share their context information in social network service (SNS), even while they are concerned with the potential risk at the same time. Drawing on the diverse theories of self-disclosure, we take an approach that the consideration of benefit encourages users to endure the existence of risk, and that users actively adjust the way they share their information to optimize the level of benefit and risk. In a qualitative study, we examined what kinds of risks and benefits exist in context information sharing situations and how users control them. An experiment was conducted using stimuli that simulate the actual use of SNS to investigate the effect of various context types and control types on users' expected benefit and risk and their intention to share. The results showed that both expected benefit and expected risk influenced users' intention to share. More interestingly, the effect of expected benefit was found to be stronger than that of expected risk. Moreover, different privacy control strategies were found to have induced different effects on the expected benefit and expected risk. Implications and limitations of this study were proposed at the end of this study.     

信息检索技术在文档管理中的应用

为方便信息管理,在已有标准电子文档基础上,运用信息检索原理及信息检索实现技术,研究以关键字查询方法为重点的标准平台索引服务,建立起一个标准共享平台。标准共享平台运行结果表明,信息检索技术能方便地运用于文档的管理中。     

基于互信息最大化的特征选择算法及应用

该文以互信息最大化原则为指导,经过推导和分析后提出了一种基于信息论模型的新的特征选择算法,称之为基于互信息最大化的特征选择算法（MaxMI）。基本思想就是特征选择后,应当尽可能多地保留关于类别的信息。该算法与传统的信息增益、互信息和交叉熵在表达形式上具有一定的相似性,但是并不完全相同。从实验上验证了基于互信息最大化的特征选择算法优于其它三种算法。