ITIL中IT基础架构管理模型设计与实现

为保证企业IT基础架构的稳定可靠运行,结合ITIL理论中IT基础架构管理理念,设计了IT基础架构管理模型。在研究ITIL理论的基础上,为IT基础架构管理划分了三个层次,阐述层次划分的理由以及层次间的关系,最终形成完整的设计模型。在模型设计中,解释了传统的服务概念以及IT基础架构管理模型中使用到的服务的涵义,并且提出了在IT基础架构管理中包含的支撑和依赖关系模型。通过设计IT基础架构管理模型,可以有效的管理IT部门的基础设施,提高企业IT系统的稳定性。     

A Five-Step Method to Tune Your ITSM Processes

Efficient and effective processes and knowledgeable employees separate high-performing organizations from average or low performing organizations. In this paper, we develop a five-step method to tune IT Service Management processes by focusing on the knowledge needs for each role and identifying the employee who possesses the needed knowledge. This five-step method employs a Dynamic Network Analysis (DNA) model that includes three classes, Persons, Roles, and Knowledge, and four important relationships between and within these classes.     

IT服务管理的知识支持结构研究*

通过信息技术基础设施库(ITIL)中的服务提供和服务支持进行对比来加深对ITIL理念的理解.然后结合某电子政务运维系统实施和软件过程改进知识管理经验的分析,探讨了信息技术服务管理(ITSM)的相关问题.最后提出了ITSM的知识支持结构.     

Software Process and Product Improvement: A Historical Perspective

In this paper, a historical overview of significant attempts to get over the software crisis is presented. In particular, we trace the development of lifecycle models and information systems development methodologies during the last four decades. Finally, we explore the role of measurements and outline current and future works leading to process and product improvement.     

A Dynamic Integrated Framework for Software Process Improvement

Current software process models (CMM, SPICE, etc.) strongly recommend the application of statistical control and measure guides to define, implement, and evaluate the effects of different process improvements. However, whilst quantitative modeling has been widely used in other fields, it has not been considered enough in the field of software process improvement. During the last decade software process simulation has been used to address a wide diversity of management problems. Some of these problems are related to strategic management, technology adoption, understanding, training and learning, and risk management, among others. In this work a dynamic integrated framework for software process improvement is presented. This framework combines traditional estimation models with an intensive utilization of dynamic simulation models of the software process. The aim of this framework is to support a qualitative and quantitative assessment for software process improvement and decision making to achieve a higher software development process capability according to the Capability Maturity Model. The concepts underlying this framework have been implemented in a software process improvement tool that has been used in a local software organization. The results obtained and the lessons learned are also presented in this paper.     

提高软件项目成功率的软件过程改进研究

信息技术发展至今,IT企业面临的一大挑战是如何才能迅速调整应用软件,以便紧跟着企业业务的变化,以提高软件项目在过程改进中的成功率,提高开发应用的效率。做到真正改进软件项目的过程,提高软件过程的效率与有效性,进而做到按期、质量、不超预算地开发出满足客户需求的软件产品才是软件企业真正所想要的。     

提高软件项目成功率的软件过程改进研究

信息技术发展至今,IT企业面临的一大挑战是如何才能迅速调整应用软件,以便紧跟着企业业务的变化,以提高软件项目在过程改进中的成功率,提高开发应用的效率。做到真正改进软件项目的过程,提高软件过程的效率与有效性,进而做到按期、质量、不超预算地开发出满足客户需求的软件产品才是软件企业真正所想要的。     

基于ITIL变更管理的系统维护流程

计算机工程实现其自身价值的方式是软件系统的运行使用。对软件系统的运行维护是保障计算机系统不断创造价值的过程。软件维护是软件生命周期中时间最长、费用最大的最后阶段。做好软件系统的运行维护工作，可以延长软件的使用寿命，降低运行成本。该文从管理的角度，借鉴了IT服务管理的方法论ITIL，在企业的业务系统中，设计并实现其中的变更管理流程，实现了对应用系统的有效维护。     

基于Pi演算的Web服务组合过程框架

文章从Web服务的编排、验证、部署角度提出了基于Pi演算的Web服务组合过程框架,说明了这个框架中每一步骤涉及的理论和工具应用。并在现有研究的基础上,针对框架中人工参与较多形式化验证环节提出了其向自动化、可视化方向发展的改进方法。     

Application Development Productivity Tools: A Survey Of Importance and Popularity

Application development productivity is becoming an increasingly important issue in the MIS department. Unfortunately, dramatic improvements in hardware performance have not been matched with corresponding advances in software development, even though there have been significant investments in productivity tools. This article identifies a range of productivity tools and presents results from a survey of MIS managers that reveals which specific tools are being used and their relative importance to software development productivity.     

基于复用的软件过程改进方法

本文从改善CMM的实施和提高过程控制能力入手,给出一个基于复用的软件过程改进框架,该框架将复用技术应用于软件过程改进与控制中,将当前模型驱动的自顶向下的过程改进模式与度量驱动的自底向上的过程改进模式有机整合,它由组织层面的持续过程改进（大循环）嵌套项目层面的过程不断调整与优化（小循环）构成。以CMM为基础,定义了实施新的过程改进方法的组织与角色。设计一个支持过程复用的软件过程及项目管理支持系统。     

Middleware Support for Internetware: A Service Perspective

The advent of Internet technology introduces a revolution to software application and development paradigms. Traditional software development and application patterns have been shifted to Internet-based service sharing and collaboration among partners across the Internet. This new paradigm imposes new challenges and complexity in the lifecycle of software development, deployment, execution and maintenance. Middleware, an intermediate layer to abstract the homogeneity and hide the di?erence of underlying systems, can be used to reduce the complexity of managing the lifecycle of Internet applications. In this paper, we exploit the needs of middleware support for Internet-based applications from a service perspective. We investigate the potential requirements and features of Internetware, and analyze the state-of-the-art solutions. We also discuss the remaining issues and their challenges, and explore the potential future research directions.     

进程检查点技术的改进

本文提出了基于服务组的多进程检查点的实现方案,采用了一种动态的检查点时间间隔调整机制,从而减小了检查点文件对应用进程的影响。HACheckpointer检查点软件是正在开发的基于iSCSI存储网络的高可用性系统iHA的核心组成部分。     

基于度量能力成熟度模型的组织级度量过程改进研究

文章讨论了软件企业在采用同一度量方法度量软件过程和产品得到的质量差别却很大的现状。通过分析度量能力成熟度模型及通用过程改进模型,研究得出组织要改进度量效果,必须把精力集中于提高度量能力。该文提出了基于度量能力成熟度模型度量过程改进方法及流程,通过案例实施明显地提高了公司的项目管理的成熟度水平,使公司产品研发和项目管理的能力得到很大程度的提升。     

层次化服务流程向可执行BPEL转换的方法

基于人工智能规划的服务组合算法得到的组合方案是一种层次化服务流程（layered service process, LSP）,由服务之间的数据流（而非传统块结构流程中的控制结构）加以驱动执行。为使该类服务流程能在业务
　　过程执行语言（business process execution language,BPEL）引擎上直接执行,研究了将LSP转换为BPEL的方法,追求BPEL执行效率的优化。给出了LSP的形式化模型,分析了将LSP转换为BPEL的3种策略（完全拆分、按层拆分、按块拆分）,定性对比了三者之间的性能优劣。针对按块拆分策略,提出了9条规则用于对LSP的拆分,提出了块拆分算法和块合并算法。通过一个LSP案例对转换过程进行了演示,并通过实验证实了该转换方法可以获得比其他转换策略性能更好的BPEL。     

基于度量能力成熟度模型的组织级度量过程改进研究

文章讨论了软件企业在采用同一度量方法度量软件过程和产品得到的质量差别却很大的现状。通过分析度量能力成熟度模型及通用过程改进模型,研究得出组织要改进度量效果,必须把精力集中于提高度量能力。该文提出了基于度量能力成熟度模型度量过程改进方法及流程,通过案例实施明显地提高了公司的项目管理的成熟度水平,使公司产品研发和项目管理的能力得到很大程度的提升。     

支持智力资源服务的产品开发过程管理系统

现有产品开发过程缺乏有效的智力服务机制,难以支持动态的智力资源服务定制与技术更新.提出一个支持智力资源服务的开发过程管理系统,分析了服务单元与对象的构成要素,制定了基于服务单元模型的服务流程与数据接口规则,构建了以智力资源服务管理模块为中心的系统框架,使开发活动能够通过访问服务客户端来获取异地智力资源支持,实现分布式的智力资源应用.该系统提高了企业智力资源服务定制与应用能力,有利于服务技术更新.     

基于服务协作中间件的动态流程模型

新兴的面向服务体系结构正在加速软件的发展和变化,无法适应动态环境的应用将逐渐失去作用,尤其对那些面临着需求频繁变更的业务流程管理系统而言更是如此.为了响应这种现实需求,基于Web服务和业务流程管理技术,提出了服务协作中间件(service cooperation middleware,简称SCM)模型,探讨了其内部机理与协作流程元模型的形式化.通过引入模型转换,扩充流程状态空间,定义了动态流程模型,动态流程的结构重构和行为自适应可以借助SCM的反射能力得以实现.针对SCM模型,设计了流程虚拟机(prrocess virtual machine,简称PVM),流程在运行时由PVM控制执行.借助于模型驱动机制,业务流程可从设计到运行不断地进行模型变换.由此建立的业务流程能够更灵活、更广泛地适用于各种开放环境,提升企业分布计算.     

SPICE: Software Process Improvement and Capability Determination

In June 1991, the International Standards group for Software Engineering approved a study period to investigate the need and requirements for a standard for software process management. A new international work item has been subsequently raised. The resulting project is named SPICE (Software Process Improvement and Capability Determination). The project aims to build on the best features of existing software assessment methods.     

IT2000: A critical appraisal of Singapore's state-wide strategic planning process for information technology

In April 1992, the Singapore Government announced its information technology (IT) vision and plan for the next 15 years to turn Singapore into ‘an intelligent island’, providing a strategic regional switching centre for expertise, goods, services and information. At the heart of this plan is a national information infrastructure that would capitalize on information as a key factor of production and an important ingredient for enhancing the quality of life of its people. Code named ‘IT2000’, the plan was developed by 60 senior managers at the National Computer Board in 1991 with participation and inputs from about 200 business and industry leaders, domain experts and academics. This paper describes the background of Singapore's drive into the information age, the IT2000 planning process, the roles of various participants and the main recommendations of the plan. An evaluation of IT2000 is made in terms of its objectives, its unanticipated results and its impacts on industry participants. Implications and lessons are drawn for strategic IT planning at the national or sectoral level.