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1.
由于协同过滤推荐算法依赖用户的数据,因而存在很大的隐私泄露风险.差分隐私保护技术可提供严格的隐私保护效果,但目前大多数基于差分隐私的推荐算法没有考虑隐式反馈数据,针对该问题,提出了一种新的基于差分隐私保护的协同过滤推荐算法.首先对隐式反馈矩阵进行矩阵分解,得到用户和物品的隐式特征向量;然后把得到的隐式特征向量融合到显式反馈模型求解中,通过在模型求解过程中加入均值扰动和梯度扰动,使算法满足ε-差分隐私保护;最后应用此算法预测评分,并在MovieLens数据集上对算法进行有效性评价.实验结果表明,所提算法能在推荐结果的准确性和用户的隐私保护之间实现有效的平衡.  相似文献   

2.
为提供更好的用户体验,提出一种考虑压缩降维矩阵分解的差分隐私随机扰动推荐算法。首先,改进了局部差分隐私保护(LDP)的下矩阵分解算法,单个用户将自己的数据随机化以满足不同的隐私,并将受干扰的数据发送到推荐器。然后,推荐者计算扰动数据的聚集,框架确保了用户的项目和评级对推荐者都是私有的。同时为解决LDP应用于矩阵因式分解时存在的数据高维特性,采用了随机投影降维技术,在没有数据先验知识情况下减少用户数据的维度。通过在Last.fm和Flixster测试集上对推荐系统的推荐精度、推荐效率以及参数变化影响进行了实验分析,证明了上述算法在更强的隐私要求下比现有的算法具有更好的矩阵分解性能,验证了算法的有效性。  相似文献   

3.
大数据时代背景下,各行各业希望能基于用户行为数据来训练推荐模型,为用户提供精准推荐,所用数据的共性特点为总量庞大、携带敏感信息、易于获取.推荐系统在带来精准推荐和市场盈利的同时也正在实时分享着用户的隐私数据,差分隐私保护技术作为一门隐私保护技术,能够巧妙地解决推荐应用中存在的隐私泄露问题,其优势在于不需要考虑攻击方所具备的任何相关的背景知识、严格地对隐私保护进行了定义、提供了量化评估方法来保证数据集(在不同参数条件下)所提供的隐私保护水平具有可比较性.首先简述了差分隐私的概念和主流推荐算法的近期研究成果,其次重点分析了差分隐私与推荐算法相结合的应用情况,涉及的推荐算法有矩阵分解、深度学习推荐、协同过滤等,并对基于差分隐私保护的推荐算法的准确性进行了对比实验;然后讨论了与每种推荐算法结合的使用场景以及目前仍存在的问题,最后对基于差分隐私的推荐算法的未来发展方向提出了有效建议.  相似文献   

4.
推荐系统需要利用到大量的用户行为数据,这些数据极有可能暴露用户的喜好,给人们关心的隐私问题带来巨大的挑战。为保证推荐精度与用户隐私,提出一种结合差分隐私与标签信息的矩阵分解推荐模型。该模型首先将标签信息加入到项目相似度的计算过程;随后融入到矩阵分解推荐模型中提高推荐精度;最后运用随机梯度下降法求解模型最优值。为解决用户隐私问题,将拉普拉斯噪声划分成两部分,分别加入项目相似度与梯度求解过程中,使得整个推荐过程满足ε-差分隐私,并在一个真实的数据集上分析验证算法的有效性。实验表明,提出的方法能在保证用户隐私的情况下,仍具有较高的推荐精度。  相似文献   

5.
鲜征征  李启良  李改  李磊 《计算机科学》2017,44(5):81-88, 94
利用背景知识间接推导出个人隐私信息已成为Internet用户更担忧的问题,定义极为严格且可证明的差分隐私保护是目前解决该问题的最有效的隐私保护技术。Berlioz等将差分隐私保护技术应用于协同过滤算法之一的矩阵分解中,虽然提出了新的算法,但是缺少严格的证明过程。针对他们提出的算法,将补充相应的数学证明,然后 将Chaudhuri等提出的目标函数加扰方法灵活应用于ALS目标函数中。此外,还给出一种差分隐私保护参数的选择方案。最后,在两个真实数据集上的实验验证结果表明,所提出的ALS目标函数加扰方法取得了更好的推荐效果。  相似文献   

6.
提出一种基于非负矩阵分解的隐私保护协同过滤推荐算法.该算法在用户数据收集过程中采用随机扰动技术,并使用非负矩阵分解对数据进行处理,从而形成隐私保护功能,并在此基础上产生推荐.理论分析和实验结果表明,该算法在保护用户个人隐私的基础上,能够产生具有一定精确性的推荐结果.  相似文献   

7.
为提高推荐系统的准确性和个性化水平,同时保护用户的隐私,文章提出一种基于云联邦的差分隐私保护动态推荐模型(P2RCF)。该模型采用注意力机制动态调整融合长短期用户兴趣,增强推荐系统的灵活性,同时引入差分隐私技术和云联邦技术保护用户的隐私信息。文章在公共数据集上进行了实验,实验结果表明,该模型可以在保护用户数据隐私的同时提高推荐的准确性和个性化水平。  相似文献   

8.
差分隐私算法作为当前研究较多的隐私保护机制之一,有着广泛应用。目前有多种基于差分隐私保护的[k]均值聚类算法,应用场景不一,各有缺陷。以往的算法通过均等划分数据集,构造等宽直方图进行聚类,这会导致没有数据分布的区域也被无差别插入噪声,影响聚类性能。针对这一点,提出了一种新的差分隐私聚类算法[DPQTk]-means,先通过构建差分隐私四分树,用大小不一的自适应存储桶动态划分数据空间,充分表示数据集同时减少噪声插入,再进行[k]均值聚类,证明了其满足[ε]-差分隐私保护。实验结果表明,[DPQTk]-means算法与以往的差分隐私聚类算法相比具有更好的聚类可用性,且能够在隐私保护水平较高的同时保持稳定的聚类性能。  相似文献   

9.
沈思倩  毛宇光  江冠儒 《计算机科学》2017,44(6):139-143, 149
主要研究在对不完全数据集进行决策树分析时,如何加入差分隐私保护技术。首先简单介绍了差分隐私ID3算法和差分隐私随机森林决策树算法;然后针对上述算法存在的缺陷和不足进行了修改,提出指数机制的差分隐私随机森林决策树算法;最后对于不完全数据集提出了一种新的WP(Weight Partition)缺失值处理方法,能够在不需要插值的情况下,使决策树分析算法既能满足差分隐私保护,也能拥有更高的预测准确率和适应性。实验证明,无论是Laplace机制还是指数机制,无论是ID3算法还是随机森林决策树算法,都能适用于所提方法。  相似文献   

10.
马银方  张琳 《计算机科学》2016,43(Z11):368-372
K-medoids算法对初始中心点敏感,不能有效地对动态数据进行聚类,且需要对相关的隐私数据进行保护。针对这些问题,提出了基于差分隐私保护的KDCK-medoids动态聚类算法。该算法在采用差分隐私保护技术的基础上将KD-树优化选取出的k个聚类中心和增量数据相结合建立新的KD-树,然后采用近邻搜索策略将增量数据分配到与其相应的聚类簇中,从而完成最终的动态聚类。通过实验分别对小数据集和多维的大数据集的聚类准确率及运行时间进行了分析,同时也对采用差分隐私保护技术的KDCK-medoids算法在不同数据集上的有效性进行了评估。实验结果表明,基于差分隐私保护的KDCK-medoids动态聚类算法能够在实现隐私保护的同时快速高效地处理增量数据的动态聚类问题。  相似文献   

11.
Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.  相似文献   

12.
European Community policy and the market   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.  相似文献   

13.
融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。  相似文献   

14.
Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.  相似文献   

15.
This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.  相似文献   

16.
Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008  相似文献   

17.
为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.  相似文献   

18.
《计算机科学》2007,34(4):148-148
Recent years have seen rapid advances in various grid-related technologies, middleware, and applications. The GCC conference has become one of the largest scientific events worldwide in grid and cooperative computing. The 6th international conference on grid and cooperative computing (GCC2007) Sponsored by China Computer Federation (CCF),Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICT) and Xinjiang University ,and in Cooperation with IEEE Computer Soceity ,is to be held from August 16 to 18, 2007 in Urumchi, Xinjiang, China.  相似文献   

19.
Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.  相似文献   

20.
This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)SM and Team Software Process (TSP){SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.  相似文献   

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