基于深度学习的维吾尔语人称代词指代消解

指代消解是自然语言处理技术的核心问题,该文结合维吾尔语语义特征,提出基于深度学习的维吾尔语人称代词指代消解方法。通过堆叠多层无监督RBM网络和一层有监督BP网络,构建DBN深度神经网络学习模型,RBM网络保证特征向量映射达到最优,BP网络对RBM网络的输出向量进行分类,实现维吾尔语人称代词指代消解。经过维吾尔语指代消解语料库测试, F值达到83.81%,比SVM方法高出2.88%。实验结果表明,同等条件下,该方法能有效提升维吾尔语人称代词消解的精度,有助于维吾尔语指代消解研究。     

基于连续型深度置信神经网络的软件可靠性预测

为了提高软件可靠性智能预测的精度,采用连续型深度置信神经网络算法用于软件可靠性预测。首先提取影响软件可靠性的核心要素样本,并获取样本要素的关键特征;然后建立连续型深度置信神经网络(Deep Belief Network,DBN)的软件可靠性预测模型,输入待预测样本,通过多个受限波尔兹曼机(Restricted Boltzmann Machine,RBM)层的预处理训练,以及多次反向微调迭代获取DBN权重等参数,直到达到最大RBM层数和最大反向微调迭代次数;最后获得稳定的软件可靠性预测模型。实验结果证明,通过合理设置DBN隐藏层节点数和学习速率,可以获得良好的软件可靠性预测准确率和标准差。与常用的软件可靠性预测算法相比,所提算法的预测准确度高且标准差小,在软件可靠性预测方面的适用度较高。     

基于深度置信网络的高分辨率雷达距离像识别

为提高雷达目标识别准确率,提出了一种基于深度置信网络（DBN）的高分辨率雷达距离像（HRRP）识别方法。首先利用受限玻尔兹曼机（RBM）对HRRP数据进行逐层无监督训练,根据对比散度（CD）算法更新网络参数,通过误差重构设计DBN深度;而后利用反向传播（BP）机制对DBN模型参数进行有监督的微调;最后基于该模型实现了HRRP的分类与识别。实验结果表明,与传统神经网络相比,基于深度置信网络的识别准确率及噪声鲁棒性显著提高,识别准确率可提高8.5%。     

径向基函数递推最小二乘算法优化学习的研究

对于广泛使用的三层感知机BP神经网络存在收敛速度慢,预测精度不高的问题,提出了基于径向基函数(RBF)递推最小二乘算法调整网络连接权值以及通过自适应学习的方法优化径向基函数形状参数的协作式自适应算法,并采用该算法进行了RBF神经网络的训练和仿真实验.结果表明:所提出的算法较BP算法以及固定a值的RBF算法有较快的收敛速度;最后,将训练后的神经网络应用于煤矿瓦斯涌出量的预测中,结果大大提高了预测的精度.因此,该算法具有很高的应用价值.     

基于Deep Belief Nets方法的中文名实体分类研究

DBN是一种快速全局最优的神经网络分类方法,包含数层无监督学习网络和一层有监督学习网络。本文验证了DBN方法很好地适用于中文名实体分类任务。首先,采用多层RBM方法无监督地从字特征向量提取结构信息,得到更具有表征能力的特征;然后,利用BP方法微调网络参数并对提取后的特征向量进行分类,以此构成分类器进行名实体分类。通过对ACE 04的中文名实体进行的分类测试,准确率达到91.45%,明显高于支持向量机和反向传播神经网络等传统分类算法。     

基于LBP/VAR与DBN模型的人脸表情识别*

针对现有表情识别研究中均采用有监督模型实现特征提取,提出一种新的基于DBN（Deep Belief Net）模型无监督的表情特征提取与识别方法。首先对人脸表情图片提取对光照与旋转具有鲁棒性的LBP/VAR初次特征,再通过DBN网络对初次特征来实现人脸表情的二次特征提取与分类学习。对DBN参数本文采用动态搜索的方法,即在一个大范围内搜索确定RBM Mini-batch 、BP Mini-batch与RBM隐层数量的最优值,再确定DBN深度与迭代次数最佳值。在CK 数据库上与传统k-NN、SVM有监督分类模型进行的对比实验表明,本文提出的方法在识别率上分别提高了19.34%和14.22%。     

基于 Deep Belief Nets 的中文名实体关系抽取

关系抽取是信息抽取的一项子任务,用以识别文本中实体之间的语义关系.提出一种利用DBN(deepbelief nets)模型进行基于特征的实体关系抽取方法,该模型是由多层无监督的RBM(restricted Boltzmann machine)网络和一层有监督的BP(back-propagation)网络组成的神经网络分类器.RBM网络以确保特征向量映射达到最优,最后一层BP网络分类RBM网络的输出特征向量,从而训练实体关系分类器.在ACE04语料上进行的相关测试,一方面证明了字特征比词特征更适用于中文关系抽取任务;另一方面设计了3组不同的实验,分别使用正确的实体类别信息、通过实体类型分类器得到实体类型信息和不使用实体类型信息,用以比较实体类型信息对关系抽取效果的影响.实验结果表明,DBN非常适用于基于高维空间特征的信息抽取任务,获得的效果比SVM和反向传播网络更好.     

基于深度学习的航空发动机传感器故障检测

针对传统反向传播(BP)神经网络和支持向量机(SVM)存在的过拟合、维数灾难、参数选择困难等问题,提出了一种基于深度学习算法的航空发动机传感器故障检测方法.对发动机参数记录仪采集的多维数据进行预处理,建立基于深度置信网络(DBN)的故障检测模型,利用预处理后的数据对检测模型进行训练,经过DBN故障检测模型逐层特征学习实现了传感器故障检测.仿真结果表明:在无人工特征提取和人工特征提取的情况下,基于DBN故障检测的准确率均高于BP神经网络和SVM模型.     

基于WOSA-BP的车辆动态称重算法研究

测量精度一直是影响车辆动态称重系统有效可靠性的主要因素。针对车辆动态称重系统测量精度较低这个问题,提出了一种基于鲸鱼优化 (Whale Optimization Algorithm,WOA) 算法和模拟退火（Simulated Annealing,SA）算法混合优化的BP神经网络（Back Propagation Neural Network）动态称重模型。首先,简单介绍了动态称重系统的结构和原理。然后,通过小波变换对动态称重系统的采样信号进行过滤重构处理,经过计算得到的动态车重、车速和轴数作为BP神经网络模型的输入参数。其次,建立了一个由WOSA算法优化的BP神经网络来预测实际车辆总重和轴重。最后,比较了WOSA算法优化的BP神经网络模型的预测能力并得出结论。仿真结果表明, WOSA-BP车辆动态称重模型收敛速度快,精度高,最大总重的相对误差为0.58%,最大轴重相对误差为6.73%。     

一种基于EM和分类损失的半监督主动DBN学习算法

对于建立动态贝叶斯网络(DBN)分类模型时,带有类标注样本数据集获得困难的问题,提出一种基于EM和分类损失的半监督主动DBN学习算法.半监督学习中的EM算法可以有效利用未标注样本数据来学习DBN分类模型,但是由于迭代过程中易于加入错误的样本分类信息而影响模型的准确性.基于分类损失的主动学习借鉴到EM学习中,可以自主选择有用的未标注样本来请求用户标注,当把这些样本加入训练集后能够最大程度减少模型对未标注样本分类的不确定性.实验表明,该算法能够显著提高DBN学习器的效率和性能,并快速收敛于预定的分类精度.     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

Call for Papers The 6^th International Conference on Grid and Cooperative Computing

Recent years have seen rapid advances in various grid-related technologies, middleware, and applications. The GCC conference has become one of the largest scientific events worldwide in grid and cooperative computing. The 6th international conference on grid and cooperative computing (GCC2007) Sponsored by China Computer Federation (CCF),Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICT) and Xinjiang University ,and in Cooperation with IEEE Computer Soceity ,is to be held from August 16 to 18, 2007 in Urumchi, Xinjiang, China.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.     

The Distributed Time-Triggered Simulation Scheme: Core Principles and Supporting Execution Engine

Distributed real-time simulation is a young technology field but its practice is under increasing demands. In recent years the author and his collaborators have been establishing a new approach called the distributed time-triggered simulation (DTS) scheme which is conceptually simple and easy to use but widely applicable. The concept was initiated in the course of developing a new-generation object-oriented real-time programming scheme called the time-triggered message-triggered object (TMO) programming scheme. Some fundamental issues inherent in distributed real-time simulation that were learned during recent experimental studies are discussed along with some approaches for resolving the issues. An execution engine developed to support both the TMOs engaged in control computation and the TMOs engaged in DTS is also discussed along with its possible extensions that will enable significantly larger-scale DTSs.     

Software-Konfigurationsmanagement in großen Softwareprojekten

Zusammenfassung Mit zunehmender Größe der Softwaresysteme verschärfen sich die für die Software-Herstellung typischen Probleme: Beherrschen großer Objektmengen, Erhalten der Systemkonsistenz, Kontrolle der ständigen Änderungseinflüsse und Gewährleisten einer langen Lebensdauer. Die Disziplin Konfigurationsmanagement bildet den methodischen Ansatz, diese Probleme besser zu beherrschen. Software-Konfigurationsmanagement faßt die Herstellung von Softwaresystemen als eine Abfolge von kontrollierten Änderungen an gesicherten Zwischen- und Endergebnissen auf. Dargestellt werden die Objekte und Funktionen des Software-Konfigurationsmanagements sowie die hierfür in großen Software-Projekten benötigten Methoden, Instanzen und Hilfsmittel.     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and     

Editorial:Brain-machine interface(BMI) and cyborg intelligence

正Brain-machine interfaces(BMIs)aim at building a direct communication pathway between the brain and an external device,and represent an area of research where significant progress has been made during the past decade.Based on BMIs,mind information can be read out by neural signals to control     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate     

SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 57(2014)

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