SRAD-高斯金字塔优化模型研究

在超声医学图像斑点噪声处理过程中,SRAD算法易受噪声梯度的影响。为此,提出一种基于自适应加权的SRAD-高斯金字塔联合优化模型。以最小的迭代次数去除超声图像中的斑点噪声,利用优化的高斯金字塔模型对原始图像重新融合,计算8个不同扩散方向和中心的相似度,并分别赋予相应权重。实验结果表明,在保存图像纹理的同时,该模型能较好地抑制噪声、加快处理速度。     

基于偏微分方程的医学超声图像降噪研究

提出一种将图像分解和几何分析相结合的算法去除超声图像中的斑点噪声。针对超声图像的斑点噪声为乘性噪声特性,将经典的ROF图像分解模型引入到适合于受乘性噪声污染的图像分解。超声图像经模型分解为轮廓部分、细节部分和噪声部分,然后对分解后的差值图像进行Ridgelet降噪,由于Ridgelet降噪克服传统小波分析方向性上的不敏感的缺点,能很好地保持图像边缘。处理后得到的图像无论是在斑点噪声去除、细节保护方面都优于传统的非线性滤波器和小波分析方法。实验表明,算法是完全可行和有效的。     

超声图像去噪方法

超声成像的相干特性导致了超声图像中固有的斑点噪声,斑点噪声既降低了图像的质量影响诊断结果,又给图像的边缘检测、特征提取等后续处理带来困难。因此研究如何在去除斑点噪声的基础上,有效保留边缘特征具有十分重要的意义。通过研究邻域斑点指数C的特点,将超声图像划分为均匀区域、含斑区域以及边缘区域,对于不同区域采用不同的处理方法。仿真实验表明,该算法简单有效,在去除斑点噪声的同时更好地保留了边缘特征,其性能大大优于传统的中值滤波算法。     

基于异性扩散-中值滤波的超声医学图像去噪方法

针对超声图像存在一种特殊的斑点噪声,使图像边界与细节变得模糊而严重影响图像质量的问题,提出了一种新的去除医学图像斑点噪声的方法,它利用中值滤波和各向异性扩散相结合,不仅可以有效地去除噪声而且很好地保持了边缘、局部细节信息.此外,该方法在扩散过程中,梯度阈值选取的不同对图像结果影响很小,这极大地提高了该算法的健壮性.实验中,通过和各向异性扩散、中值滤波等方法的比较,表明该方法具有良好的去噪效果.     

基于方向滤波的超声图像边缘增强

由于斑点噪声的存在,传统的边缘增强算子常常会强化超声图像的斑点噪声,降低对比分辨率。针对这种情况,提出基于方向滤波的超声图像边缘增强算法。算法首先进行斑点去噪,然后基于纹理分析进行图像分割,判定图像的强边缘、弱边缘及反射伪影,最后以方向滤波为基础,计算强边缘和弱边缘的局部方向,设计方向滤波器,根据图像的方向自适应选择滤波器进行滤波,增强图像边缘。实验结果表明,原超声医学图像得到有效增强,边缘细节得以保留。该算法能有效地提取需边缘增强区域,获得满意的组织边缘增强效果,同时图像的反射伪影部分保持不变。     

利用邻域差异性信息的FCM改进算法

为了克服模糊C均值（FCM）无法处理图像噪声的缺点以及常用改进算法分割不足,提出了一种利用邻域差异性信息的FCM改进算法。利用高斯函数来合理刻画邻域间像素的空间位置和灰度差异特性,实现对中心像素隶属度的调整,达到分割噪声图像的目的。实验证明,该算法可以有效地处理高斯和椒盐噪声,在去除噪声的同时较完整地保留了图像的细节,其分割效果优于几种常用FCM改进算法。     

基于小波分析的超声医学图像非线性增强

首先将超声医学图像投影到小波变换域,然后利用软阈值技术方法进行降噪处理,最后使用非线性增强技术提高图像对比度。处理结果有效地去除原图像的斑点噪声,使图像中较模糊、对比度差的细节得到增强,优于传统的直方图均衡增强方法。     

一种去除图像混合噪声的滤波算法

针对同时感染脉冲噪声和高斯噪声的混合噪声图像,以全变分去噪模型为基础,结合中值滤波技术,提出一种新的混合噪声滤波算法.该算法首先根据脉冲噪声的特点和像素的局部能量信息,分离出脉冲噪声并以改进中值滤波算法去除,然后对含有高斯噪声的图像采用自适应广义变分模型进行降噪处理.实验结果表明,该算法在有效滤除混合噪声的同时能很好地保护图像细节,为去除图像中的混合噪声提供了一种有效的途径.     

基于贝叶斯非局部平均滤波的超声图像斑点噪声抑制算法

超声成像是现代医学影像学最重要的诊断技术之一。然而,由于乘性斑点噪声的存在,使得超声成像的发展受到了一定的限制。针对这种问题,提出了一种贝叶斯非局部平均（NLM）滤波算法的改进策略。首先,运用贝叶斯公式推导出适应于超声图像斑点噪声模型的非局部平均滤波器,由此引出了两种图像块之间距离计算的方式——Pearson距离和根距离;其次,为了减轻计算负担,在非局部区域中选取相似图像块时采用图像块预选择的方式来加速算法;另外,根据多次实验,总结出了一种滤波参数和噪声方差的关系,实现了参数的自适应;最后,利用Visual Studio和OpenCV实现了算法,使得程序的运行时间大幅缩短。为了评估所提算法的去噪性能,在幻影图像和真实超声图像上进行了实验,结果表明：与现有的一些经典算法相比,该算法在去除斑点噪声的表现上有很大提升,并且在保留图像边缘和结构细节方面取得了令人满意的结果。     

基于迭代多级中值滤波的人脸美化算法

提出了一种基于图像二值化之后利用迭代的非线性多级中值滤波器的人脸美化算法。该算法首先利用二值化算法粗略地分离出人脸图像中的眼睛、鼻子、嘴巴等特征区域;然后对图像中的其它区域进行迭代多级中值滤波处理。通过与其它人脸美化算法实验结果的比较表明,该算法可以较有效地去除人脸图像中的如斑点、皱纹等不理想因素并且保留原图像的特征细节信息。     

一种改进的基于非局部均值的极化SAR相干斑抑制算法

贝叶斯形式的非局部均值模型在极化SAR图像相干斑抑制中有良好的应用,在实现抑制相干斑的同时较地保持了边缘细节和点目标。本文通过分析SAR图像多视数据的空间统计分布,结合贝叶斯形式的非局部均值模型,得出了在该模型下多视与单视SAR图像中像素间相似性度量函数一致性的结论,并对该相似性度量函数进行了修正,使之满足对称性;最后针对算法全局使用一个固定滤波参数影响滤波效果的问题,提出了一种根据像素间相似程度自适应选取滤波参数的方法。实验结果验证了本文算法的有效性。     

改进的基于非局部均值的极化SAR相干斑抑制

贝叶斯形式的非局部均值模型在极化SAR图像相干斑抑制中有良好的应用,在实现抑制相干斑的同时较好地保持了边缘细节和点目标.通过分析合成孔径雷达(SAR)图像多视数据的空间统计分布,结合贝叶斯形式的非局部均值模型,得出在该模型下多视与单视SAR图像中像素间相似性度量函数一致性的结论,并对该相似性度量函数进行了修正,使之满足对称性;最后针对算法全局使用一个固定滤波参数影响滤波效果的问题,提出一种根据像素间相似程度自适应选取滤波参数的方法.实验结果验证了本文算法的有效性.     

Perceptual hashing for SAR image segmentation

Image segmentation is an important step in the implementation of the interpretation of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) image due to speckle. This article proposes a SAR image segmentation method based on perceptual hashing. The new algorithm is divided into two phases. The first phase is to obtain initial regions with multi-thresholding based on histogram after reducing the speckle noise. The initial regions are used as input data. And the next phase is to merge regions according to the similarity between regions. In this phase, to segment SAR image effectively, the proposed hashing algorithm is used to obtain hash value and similarity between regions, which preserve the texture features of SAR images. In addition, we can obtain a smooth segmentation result by reducing the redundant information with principal component analysis. Furthermore, morphological methods are used to eliminate the uneven background in the segmentation results. These improvements make our algorithm more effective to segment the images with high speed. The experimental results of four real and one synthetic SAR images verify the efficiency of our algorithm.     

Speckle reduction of ultrasound images based on Rayleigh-trimmed anisotropic diffusion filter

A novel method is proposed to reduce speckle in ultrasound images. Based on the assumption of Rayleigh distribution of speckle, a Rayleigh-trimmed filter is first proposed to estimate the relative standard deviations of local signals and the results are used to determine the parameter that controls an alpha-trimmed mean filter for suppressing the primary noise. Then the anisotropic diffusion is subsequently applied to further reduce noise while enhancing features and structures in the original image. We also extend the proposed method to three-dimensional space by introducing time as one additional dimension. The proposed method effectively utilizes the statistical characteristics of speckle and the two-step despeckling algorithm reduces speckle significantly while retaining important features. The effectiveness of the proposed method is well demonstrated by experiments on both simulated and real ultrasound images.     

Edge-detection-based filter for SAR speckle noise reduction

Some adaptive filters, such as the Kuan, Lee, minimum mean square error (MMSE) and Frost filters, have been tested on synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data without considering the level of homogeneity in the pixels. Therefore, they degrade the spatial resolution of images and smooth details, while also decreasing the speckle noise level. There are other filters, such as the enhanced Lee and gamma maximum a posteriori (MAP), that utilize the level of homogeneity, but they cannot adequately suppress speckle noise. In addition to these weaknesses, pixels surrounding a point scatterer are also treated as point scatterers due to inadequacy of the method based on evaluating the coefficient of variation for differentiating between them and the point scatterer. We have developed a new method based on the assessment of similarity of homogeneity levels in the image, incorporating edge-detection filters to identify meaningful features and an algorithm to filter the pixels surrounding point scatterers. This method, called the UNSW (University of New South Wales) adaptive filter (UAF), was compared to nine filters using different quantitative and qualitative methods. The results show the ability of the UAF to simultaneously reduce speckle and preserve details as well as its ability to filter more pixels. The effect of increasing the damping factor on speckle noise reduction performance has also been assessed using this method.     

小波与双边滤波的医学超声图像去噪

目的：医学超声图像中的斑点噪声降低了图像质量并且限制了超声图像自动化诊断技术的发展。针对斑点噪声问题,提出了一种新型的基于小波和双边滤波的去噪算法。方法：首先,根据医学超声图像在小波域内的统计特性,在通用小波阈值函数的基础之上,改进了小波阈值函数。其次,将无噪信号的小波系数和斑点噪声的小波系数分别建模为广义拉普拉斯分布模型和高斯分布模型,利用贝叶斯最大后验估计方法得到了新型的小波收缩算法,利用小波阈值法对小波域内的高频信号分量进行去噪。最后,对小波域内的低频信号分量进行双边滤波处理,然后利用小波逆变换便得到去噪后的图像。结果：在仿真实验中,通过与其它7种去噪算法作对比,观察峰值信噪比(PSNR)等图像质量评价指标,结果表明本文算法的去噪效果优于其他相关算法。临床超声图像的实验结果进一步验证了本文算法的去噪性能。结论：本文提出了一种新型的去噪算法,实验表明本文算法能够很好地抑制斑点噪声,并且能保留图像病灶边缘等细节。     

自适应区域生长算法在医学图像分割中的应用

提出一种通过计算种子点附近邻域统计信息，自适应改变生长标准参数用于医学图像分割的算法．在切片图像预处理过程中，考虑到体数据相邻切片之间高度的相关性，在相邻层之间采取高斯核滤波去除噪声，并通过各向异性滤波算法对该层切片进行滤波．实验结果表明，该算法可有效地提取出图像区域，具有较好的鲁棒性．     

一种新型的空域SAR图像相干斑抑制方法

为了有效抑制SAR强度图像中的相干斑噪声,提出一种改进Sigma滤波并结合Gamma MAP滤波的空域相干斑抑制方法。首先利用阈值判断法判断并保留强点目标,然后结合SAR图像分布模型和MMSE准则判断Sigma区间,其中可以根据图像局部统计特性自适应调整窗口尺寸,最后选择Sigma区间内像素进行Gamma MAP滤波。实验结果表明:对于星载和机载SAR图像,在相干斑噪声抑制和边缘纹理细节信息保持方面,该方法较其他常用的空域相干斑抑制方法具有明显的优越性,能极大地提高SAR图像判读和目标识别能力。     

A statistical and Wiener filtering algorithm based on the curvelet transform for SAR images

Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images contain many kinds of noise. Speckle noise is multiplicative noise generated by the coherent imaging processes involved in SAR images and brings a great hindrance to the interpretation and application of SAR images, so it is considered the first major kind of noise in SAR images. SAR images also contain other incoherent additive noises generated by other factors, such as Gaussian noise, which are all considered the second major kind of noise. In order to reduce the impact of noise as much as possible, after an in-depth study of SAR imaging and noise-generating mechanism, curvelet transform principle, and Wiener filtering characteristic, a novel filtering method, here called the statistical and Wiener based on curvelet transform (SWCT) method is proposed. The SWCT algorithm processes two different kinds noise based on their properties. Specifically, it establishes a two-tiered filtering framework. For the first kind of noise, the algorithm uses the curvelet transform to decompose the SAR image and uses the statistical characteristics of the SAR image to generate an adaptive filtering threshold of the coefficients of decomposition to recover the original image. Then it filters every sub-band image at each decomposed scale and performs the inverse curvelet transform. The second kind of noise is directly filtered using the Wiener filter in the SWCT algorithm. Using the two-tiered filtering model and fully exploiting statistical characteristics, the SWCT algorithm not only reduces the amount of coherent speckle noise and incoherent noise effectively but also retains the edges and geometric details of the original SAR image. This is very good for target detection, classification, and recognition. Qualitative and quantitative tests were performed using simulated speckle noise, Gaussian noise, and real SAR images. The proposed SWCT algorithm was found to remove noise effectively and the performance of the algorithm was tested and compared to the mean filter, enhanced gamma-MAP (maximum a posterior probability) filter, wavelet transform filter, Wiener filter, and curvelet transform filter. Experiments carried out on real SAR images confirmed that the new method has a good filtering effect and can be used on different SAR images.     

高阶PDE模型中的松弛中值图像去噪方法

针对平均曲率极小化模型在去噪过程中产生斑点的问题,提出了一种平均曲率和松弛中值滤波结合的迭代算法。首先,使用平均曲率模型对噪声图像处理,根据局部方差信息,利用阈值确定斑点的位置。其次,利用具一定边界保持性质的松弛中值滤波器消除斑点噪声。最后,为更有效地消除斑点,在每一次随着时间的迭代后都使用松弛中值滤波。对曲线和图像进行去噪仿真实验,结果表明,相对于平均曲率模型,本文算法在客观指标和主观视觉效果上均有更好的去噪效果和更低的时间复杂度。