滤波算法在图像增强中的应用研究

研究图像增强问题,当光照变化比较强烈时,传统增强算法假设场景中光照是平缓变化的,易产生“光晕”现象,导致图像质量变差.为了图像增强后的质量,提出一种单尺度双边滤波的图像增强算法.首先对采集图像亮度增强,然后利用双边滤波消除光照对图像不利影响,最后采用单尺度Retinex算法对图像进行增强处理.仿真结果表明,单尺度双边滤波增强算法很好地解决了传统算法中存在“光晕”难题,提高了图像增强效率,可适用于任何光照强度下的图像增强.     

光照变化条件下的人脸识别技术研究

为了提高光照变化条件下的人脸识别率,针对Retinex算法处理人脸光照图像时易产生“光晕”难题,提出了一种基于Mean-Shift滤波的Retinex算法,并应用于人脸识别中的光照预处理。对人脸图像进行非线性增强;利用Mean-Shift滤波代替高斯滤波对光照估计,解决传统Retinex算法中存在的“光晕”难题。采用Yale B人脸库对算法性能进行测试,结果表明,该算法能够很好地抑制“光晕”现象的发生,具有光照鲁棒性,提高了人脸的识别率。     

基于单张影像的月面三维仿真

根据阴影恢复形状原理,提出一种基于单张影像的快速月面三维建模和光照模拟方法。利用单张2D影像中残留的3D线索——灰度信息,通过SFS方法对月面三维形貌进行快速重建,采用改进的Hapke光照模型对重建后的三维形貌进行渲染。实验结果证明,在精度允许范围内,该方法能快速地实现对月面三维形貌的提取和仿真。     

利用形状因子采样的实时全局光照绘制

为了对物体表面材质进行实时编辑,提出一种动态光照和任意视点条件下的实时全局光照算法.该算法预计算各面片的形状因子,并存储其中较大的形状因子值和相应的面片号,这些面片是光照贡献最大的面片.一次间接光照利用这些面片计算,并用亮度补偿策略增加计算精度,而二次及多次间接光照则用近似公式估算,整个光照计算过程在GPU中完成.实验结果表明,文中算法在视点改变、光照改变和材质改变情况下,对静态场景能获得逼真的实时全局光照绘制效果.     

飞行仿真系统中基于CTS的地景设计

针对大地景的逼真度与流畅度相互制约的问题,介绍了一种基于CTS的飞行虚拟仿真大地景设计方案.详细说明了飞行虚拟仿真中地形数据、纹理数据、模型数据的选择和制作,根据仿真实例讨论了CTS中虚拟纹理的分层技术、地形的切片技术和LOD节点技术.实例验证了基于CTS的大地景仿真设计方法的有效性.     

中国风景第三回展作品选登

“中国风景”群展今年迎来第三回展——“视向”,展期为11月19日-12月6日。参展摄影师包括：路泞、张克纯、藏策、敖国兴、塔可、杨铁军、李朝晖、邵文欢、李勇、Jonas、罗凯星、许培武、颜长江与肖萱安等。在他们的作品中更多地呈现出一种情怀与对待摄影的方式与理念,反映当下社会人与景的关系、人对景的情感诉求以及心与景的归一性。展览首次引入彩色摄影,但始终延续着清晰的发展脉络,在创作风格上传统与当代并行,更多地显示着这一展览主题多向的可能性和多元的包容性。     

三维海浪造型的研究

为了表现海浪的真实感和实时性仿真,本文以Pierson．Moskowitz模型为基础,采用波的波长和波速建立了海浪波高的初始状态值．通过FBM（FractalBrownMotion）的菱形网格方式计算海浪曲面片上每个网格点的波高,把每个点画出;再以菱形网格模拟海浪形状,将海浪点的波高描述为随时间和空间变化的多个正弦波叠加近似地表现海浪的运动效果;利用光照模型给海浪添加明暗凹凸效果,增加海浪的真实感;将真实世界中某一海浪的图像作为纹理源,贴到每个网格上,提高仿真的逼真度和运行速度,达到实时仿真的效果．利用Java和JOGL编程模拟,逼真地生成了海浪在不同风向、不同等级情况下的场景．实验表明文中所述方法得当,技术可行．     

基于Curvelet和LBP的可变光照人脸识别

光照变化和环境噪声会引起人脸识别正确率下降。为此,提出一种基于Curvelet变换和LBP的可变光照人脸识别方法。对原始人脸图像进行Curvelet变换,对第1层低频系数,采用对数运算和局部二值模式运算克服光照影响,舍弃剩余的最高频信息子图像,以除去环境噪声和光照产生的阴影边界带有的虚假信息,利用主成分分析和线性判别分析方法进行人脸识别。仿真结果表明,该方法能有效去除光照和噪声引起的影响,具有较好的鲁棒性。     

遮荫环境下的植物生长建模及仿真

为了解决遮荫环境下的植物对光照资源的竞争和分配问题,更真实地仿真自然界中植物的生长情况,而采用了一种基于FON(field-of-neighbourhood)模型的植物生长建模及仿真的方法.方法用FON模型描述植物对光照资源的需求范围,引入植物学中遮荫率因子作为影响光照强度的一个因素,并提出了一种基于计算阴影重叠区域面积的光照资源分配策略.在实现过程中建立了一个支持植物共享光照资源的生长仿真系统,给出了不同竞争地位的植物在共享光照资源上所表现出的生长情况的可视化结果,对计算机仿真植物生长以及指导农林生产方面都具有积极意义.     

基于单张照片的三维人脸重建优化算法

传统人脸三维重建算法难以确定人脸形状,并且计算复杂。针对此问题,提出一种以水平集方法获取人脸轮廓并结合明暗恢复形状(SFS)算法重建三维模型的方法,该方法仅需单张正面人脸照片。首先采用主动形状模型确定人脸轮廓,将其作为水平集的初始演化曲线,分割出完整的人脸形状;然后对人脸区域进行灰度变换,求出灰度图像;最后通过SFS算法重建已知光照条件的人脸图像的三维模型,将该模型作为参考与灰度图像匹配,进而确定其光照条件和三维模型。实验结果表明,与基于网格模型的算法相比,该方法可快速地重建具有完整形状的人脸模型。     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.     

The Distributed Time-Triggered Simulation Scheme: Core Principles and Supporting Execution Engine

Distributed real-time simulation is a young technology field but its practice is under increasing demands. In recent years the author and his collaborators have been establishing a new approach called the distributed time-triggered simulation (DTS) scheme which is conceptually simple and easy to use but widely applicable. The concept was initiated in the course of developing a new-generation object-oriented real-time programming scheme called the time-triggered message-triggered object (TMO) programming scheme. Some fundamental issues inherent in distributed real-time simulation that were learned during recent experimental studies are discussed along with some approaches for resolving the issues. An execution engine developed to support both the TMOs engaged in control computation and the TMOs engaged in DTS is also discussed along with its possible extensions that will enable significantly larger-scale DTSs.     

Software-Konfigurationsmanagement in großen Softwareprojekten

Zusammenfassung Mit zunehmender Größe der Softwaresysteme verschärfen sich die für die Software-Herstellung typischen Probleme: Beherrschen großer Objektmengen, Erhalten der Systemkonsistenz, Kontrolle der ständigen Änderungseinflüsse und Gewährleisten einer langen Lebensdauer. Die Disziplin Konfigurationsmanagement bildet den methodischen Ansatz, diese Probleme besser zu beherrschen. Software-Konfigurationsmanagement faßt die Herstellung von Softwaresystemen als eine Abfolge von kontrollierten Änderungen an gesicherten Zwischen- und Endergebnissen auf. Dargestellt werden die Objekte und Funktionen des Software-Konfigurationsmanagements sowie die hierfür in großen Software-Projekten benötigten Methoden, Instanzen und Hilfsmittel.     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and     

Editorial:Brain-machine interface(BMI) and cyborg intelligence

正Brain-machine interfaces(BMIs)aim at building a direct communication pathway between the brain and an external device,and represent an area of research where significant progress has been made during the past decade.Based on BMIs,mind information can be read out by neural signals to control     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate     

SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 57(2014)

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Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate