一种基于随机波束天线的自组网拓扑控制协议

定向天线能显著提高无线系统的性能和容量,但采用定向天线的自组网拓扑构建问题比全向天线网络复杂.拓扑控制是一种保证网络连通和节能的有效手段.文中通过对随机波束自组网连通问题定性和定量的分析研究,运用样方统计法推导保证拓扑图高概率连通的临界邻居数;在此基础上,提出了一种基于邻居数的分布式拓扑控制协议,节点独立确定天线波束的...     

基于改进匈牙利算法的航路网络延误优化

针对我国航路网络流量分配依靠管制员经验,缺乏量化模型协助决策这一问题,对航路网络的延误优化模型及其求解算法展开研究。首先,建立了目标函数为总航行时间最小、带容量约束的流量指派模型;其次,针对经典匈牙利算法只适用于中小型运算的问题,在效率矩阵的计算上作出加圈的零元素个数最大概率与效率矩阵的阶数相等的改进;再次,根据航路运行效率随时间和流量变化的特点,使用M/M/C排队论模型构建了航路的费用函数,用变化的费用替代效率矩阵中不变的效率值,使效率矩阵随时间和流量变化;最后,以中南空管局与西南空管局2016年11月部分空域的实际运行数据作为算例验证本文模型与算法。结果表明,在通行能力优化方面,算法能将进场通行能力提升8.372%,离场通行能力提升8.999%;在延误优化方面,能降低每架航空器平均延误;在算法性能方面,具有比经典匈牙利算法迭代次数少、求解时间短的优点,更适用于实际的管制运行。     

基于遗传算法的要地防空武器系统最优火力分配模型研究

结合战场目标价值分析,根据防空武器兵力火力分配情况,运用遗传算法建立了火力分配模型,使防空武器最大限度地发挥火力单位效能,达到最大毁伤效果.采用了适应度函数惩罚的方法,对选择,交叉,变异等操作进行了改进.最后通过实例仿真和计算,针对单发和双发两种射击方式分别建立数学模型,运用遗传算法求解得出了火力分配最优方案,验证了方案的可行性和优越性.研究结果为两型防空武器系统的作战应用奠定了基础,为决策提供一定的理论依据.     

基于序号遗传编码方式的反舰导弹火力分配算法

遗传算法在解算反舰导弹火力分配问题时,具有解算结果最优或次优,但由于解算过程中会产生过多不满足约束条件的染色体,导致该算法解算时间比较长,不能满足反舰导弹作战使用时对火力分配问题的实时性要求;为了提高解算效率,文中依据反舰导弹火力分配问题的特殊性,提出了基于序号的遗传编码方式,并给出了详细的编码过程模型,提高了遗传算法在多型反舰导弹协同攻击多目标情况下的火力分配解算效率;最后,通过实例论证了该算法的可行性和有效性。     

Ad Hoc网络的离散时间马氏链建模及分析

Ad Hoc网络是一种非常有前途的自组无线网，该文通过对Ad Hoc网络作出一些合理假设，建立了Ad Hoc网络的离散时间马氏链模型，给出了模型的平稳分布，并进一步分析了节点相邻的概率、节点的平均邻居数、平均泛洪距离等网络重要参数。最后，给出了转移概率矩阵的一个具体定义方法，并得到了相应结果。     

基于Grover搜索思想的无线自组网络路由算法研究

无线自组网络是近年来无线网络研究的热点领域,路由算法设计作为无线自组网络的核心层技术而备受关注。在深入分析已有算法存在的诸多不足的基础上,本文提出了一种基于Grover搜索思想的无线自组网络路由算法。该算法首先分析了Grover算法的原理,给出了适合无线自组网络的概率扩散矩阵和解径矩阵的构造方式,然后在此基础上定义了概率计算公式计算每个节点的概率,通过选择高概率节点进行数据转发,从而减少网络计算量,使得路由尽快收敛。仿真结果表明:相比经典的DSR路由协议,该算法得到的路由跳数性能上接近最短跳数,但是建立路由过程中转发节点个数得以大大降低。     

基于多策略融合粒子群的无人机对地攻击模糊博弈决策

针对无人机协同对地攻击的复杂性和不确定性,联合防空火力压制与对地目标打击任务,引入存活因子、摩擦因子和状态因子等概念,考虑目标威胁度的模糊性,结合生存概率和武器消耗等因素,建立一种多阶段的模糊多目标任务分配规划模型.为更好地描述攻击任务的对抗性和多策略性,以博弈论为框架,将规划模型转化为模糊多目标双矩阵博弈综合集结模型.利用必要性理论将集结模型中的不确定性目标清晰化处理,进而运用熵权法对多个目标进行加权求和,将其转化为单目标双矩阵博弈模型.提出基于多策略融合粒子群算法的纳什均衡求解方法,通过引入自适应惯性权重、动态反向学习与局部变异策略,在增强种群多样性的同时,保证粒子群局部精确搜索能力.算例仿真结果验证了所提模型和方法的有效性.     

多故障的电子设备系统诊断设计方法研究

针对复杂电子设备在使用过程中多故障诊断难的问题,以相关性模型为基础,提出了一种多故障诊断的设计方法;首先,根据相关性模型确定测试D矩阵,并获得组成单元与测试次数的关系矩阵;其次,根据每次实际测试的结果构建测试结果矩阵,并计算获得测试故障单元矩阵;最后,通过综合测试故障单元矩阵与测试次数关系矩阵的数据,确定故障单元的概率,根据故障概率定位出故障单元;通过实例验算表明:多故障诊断方法可准确定位故障单元,大幅降低误修率。     

基于IMOSFLA的有人/无人战斗机协同空战火力分配方法

针对有人/无人战斗机协同空战中的火力分配问题,建立了以目标总存活概率最小和武器消耗数量最少的火力分配多目标优化模型,并提出一种改进的多目标蛙跳算法用于求解问题的Pareto最优解集.该改进算法充分利用混洗蛙跳算法收敛速度快、收敛精度高的算法优势进行全局寻优,利用自适应网格法对非劣解进行维护和更新,并在青蛙种群的全局进化过程中引入Tent混沌变异以避免算法早熟收敛.为便于从求解得到的Pareto最优解集中选择出最优火力分配方案,提出了一种最优火力分配方案的自主选择规则.最后通过仿真实验验证了所提方法的可行性和有效性.实验结果表明,所提方法能有效求解有人/无人战斗机协同空战中的火力分配问题.     

基于漏洞动态可利用性的网络入侵路径分析方法

现有的网络入侵路径分析方法未考虑漏洞的动态特征,且在描述漏洞利用导致的状态转移时,未考虑漏洞利用失败的情形。通过建模漏洞可利用性随时间的变化,文章提出一种改进状态转移概率计算方法的吸收Markov链模型。该模型结合网络攻防实际,考虑漏洞利用失败的情形,合理计算状态转移概率:首先对目标网络生成攻击图,在计算漏洞动态可利用概率的基础上,构建吸收Markov链;然后利用状态转移概率矩阵的性质,计算状态节点威胁度排序、入侵路径长度期望和路径成功概率,并在时间维度上进行分析。实验分析表明,文章方法相比已有方法在节点威胁度排序上更准确,对入侵路径长度期望和路径成功概率的计算更加符合网络攻防实际。     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.     

The Distributed Time-Triggered Simulation Scheme: Core Principles and Supporting Execution Engine

Distributed real-time simulation is a young technology field but its practice is under increasing demands. In recent years the author and his collaborators have been establishing a new approach called the distributed time-triggered simulation (DTS) scheme which is conceptually simple and easy to use but widely applicable. The concept was initiated in the course of developing a new-generation object-oriented real-time programming scheme called the time-triggered message-triggered object (TMO) programming scheme. Some fundamental issues inherent in distributed real-time simulation that were learned during recent experimental studies are discussed along with some approaches for resolving the issues. An execution engine developed to support both the TMOs engaged in control computation and the TMOs engaged in DTS is also discussed along with its possible extensions that will enable significantly larger-scale DTSs.     

Software-Konfigurationsmanagement in großen Softwareprojekten

Zusammenfassung Mit zunehmender Größe der Softwaresysteme verschärfen sich die für die Software-Herstellung typischen Probleme: Beherrschen großer Objektmengen, Erhalten der Systemkonsistenz, Kontrolle der ständigen Änderungseinflüsse und Gewährleisten einer langen Lebensdauer. Die Disziplin Konfigurationsmanagement bildet den methodischen Ansatz, diese Probleme besser zu beherrschen. Software-Konfigurationsmanagement faßt die Herstellung von Softwaresystemen als eine Abfolge von kontrollierten Änderungen an gesicherten Zwischen- und Endergebnissen auf. Dargestellt werden die Objekte und Funktionen des Software-Konfigurationsmanagements sowie die hierfür in großen Software-Projekten benötigten Methoden, Instanzen und Hilfsmittel.     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and     

Editorial:Brain-machine interface(BMI) and cyborg intelligence

正Brain-machine interfaces(BMIs)aim at building a direct communication pathway between the brain and an external device,and represent an area of research where significant progress has been made during the past decade.Based on BMIs,mind information can be read out by neural signals to control     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate     

SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 57(2014)

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Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate