一种混合特征的人脸识别算法仿真研究

研究人脸识别优化问题,人脸图像受光照、人脸表情和位置变化等因素影响,由于图像具有复杂的多尺度特征,传统人脸识别算法只能提提取局部或全局特征,不能准确描述人脸图像,导致人脸识别率低。为了提高人脸识别率,提出一种小波分解和LBP算子相结合的人脸识别算法(WTLBP)。WTLBP首先利用小波变换对人脸图像进行分解,将人脸图像分解成大尺度和小尺度图像,然后采用LBP算子提取人脸图像的多尺度特征,最后采用概率统计法对人脸进行匹配识别。对ORL人脸库进行仿真,结果表明,WTLBP能够提取到人脸图像更加丰富的局部和全局信息,对光照、人脸表情和位置变化具有较高的鲁棒性,提高了人脸识别率。     

典型相关分析融合全局和局部特征的人脸识别

为了提高人脸的识别率,提出一种典型相关分析融合全局和局部特征的人脸识别算法(SUB-CCA)。通过划分子模式方式避免人脸识别存在小样本、非线性问题,并提取局部特征,采用主成分分析提取人脸图像的全局特征,并采用相关分析算法对全局、局总特征进行融合,消除特征间冗余信息,降低特征维数,采用投票法得到人脸识别结果,并采用3个人脸数据集对算法性能进行测试。仿真结果表明,相对于参比算法,SUB-CCA提高了人脸识别的识别精度。     

基于光照变换的Gabor小波人脸识别

光照变化易使人脸图像的灰度分布不均,造成局部对比度差别较大,会引起人脸识别正确率下降。为此在同态滤波的基础上,改变滤波函数,提出了高斯滤波的人脸识别方法,接着对滤波后的图像直方图均衡化,来增加图像的灰度动态范围,然后对人脸图像提取Gabor小波特征,最后利用最近邻法识别人脸图像。在光照变换明显的Yale B和CMU PIE数据库识别效果最好,降低了人脸图像的特征维数,缩短了特征提取时间,有效地提高了人脸识别率。     

基于Markov网络和多信息融合的民航人脸识别

针对民航人脸识别系统中人脸图像的锐化识别问题，提出了一种人脸锐化照片综合识别方法。对于不同尺度下的不同合成结果，采用双尺度Markov网络的级联锐化合成方法进行图像合成，并提出了基于结构信息和特征信息的人脸识别数据融合方法。结合人脸识别认知理论，将结构信息和特征信息结合起来完成识别。实验结果表明，该方法在合成和识别过程中均优于其他方法。     

基于能量的自适应局部Gabor特征提取的人脸识别

为了解决传统Gabor滤波器组在人脸识别过程中特征提取时间长、计算量大的问题,从不同方向、不同尺度以及全局角度按照能量大小构建了3种不同的局部Gabor滤波器组用来提取人脸特征。首先,分析数据库中部分图像Gabor变换后的图像能量,从不同角度选出能量较大的图像构建对应的局部Gabor滤波器组; 其次,根据所选滤波器组提取局部Gabor特征; 然后,采用线性判别分析(LDA)法进一步提取Fisher特征; 最后,利用最近邻法识别人脸图像。基于ORL人脸库和YALE人脸库的实验结果表明提出的人脸识别方法降低了人脸图像的特征维数,缩短了特征提取的时间,有效地提高了人脸识别率。     

小波变换和特征加权融合的人脸识别

在人脸识别领域,提取人脸特征和降低维数是人脸识别的关键。传统的基于小波变换的人脸识别算法仅在小波分解的低频分量上提取用于分类的图像特征,造成了高频分量中部分对识别有利信息的丢失。为了更有效地提取人脸图像特征,提出一种基于小波变换和特征加权融合的人脸识别算法。首先通过小波变换对人脸图像进行降维处理,然后对4个小波子图分别运用主成分分析法(PCA)提取特征,并把这4部分特征加权融合,最后利用支持向量机(SVM)进行分类识别。在ORL人脸库上进行实验验证,识别准确率可达到97.5%,实验结果表明该算法能够有效提高人脸识别能力,与传统识别算法相比具有较高的识别准确率和识别速度。     

基于C＋＋和OpenCV的人脸识别系统的设计与实现

人脸识别是通过对人的脸部特征信息进行身份识别的一种生物识别技术.研究现实基于人脸识别的身份验证系统具有重要意义.提出一种基于C＋＋和OpenCV的人脸识别系统的设计与实现方法.系统实现的功能模块包括人脸图像采集、图像预处理、人脸检测与定位、人脸特征提取与识别、人脸数据库管理等.系统中人脸检测采用基于Haar-like特征的Haar 分类器,人脸识别采用Eigenfacae算法.系统经过运行测试,结果表明该系统能够满足一般的基于人脸识别的身份验证需求.     

复杂光照条件下的人脸识别方法

在人脸识别增加真实性的研究中,为了提高在光照条件变化时人脸图像的识别率,并加快运行速度,提出了一种基于小波变换域的光照处理与识别方法.由于光照对低频信息的影响较小,且低频信息在人脸识别中起到最主要作用,通过对人脸的低频逼近图像进行光照处理,采用局部二元模式来表征光照处理后的低频图像,将得到的局部二元模式特征作为人脸的鉴别特征用于分类与识别.根据YaleB、Extended YaleB人脸库的实验结果表明,在复杂的光照条件下识别率高达96%,与传统方法相比,取得了更好的识别结果.     

远程人脸识别方法的研究与仿真

研究远程准确人脸识别优化问题.在远程人脸图像采集过程中存在随机性,采集的人脸图像容易发生饰物遮挡,脸部侧偏等情况,造成采集图像可识别特征残缺,针对传统的方法过于依赖局部细节特征,无法准确的识别人脸.提出一种基于特征转化的人脸识别方法,根据采集到的人脸二维特征矩阵构造奇异值矩阵,运用迭代分解方法,把不能识别的缺陷特征转化成可识别的三维人脸特征,运用三维特征配合二维特征进行识别.经实验结果表明,改进方法能够准确识别远程采集的部分、遮挡的人脸图像,取得令人满意的效果.     

一种基于二次直方图距离的人脸识别方法

提出一种非约束条件下的人脸识别方法。利用Prewitte算子将人脸图像转换成特征图像以保护更多的局部信息,并将特征图像划分为多个区域特征向量表示人脸,通过调整二次直方图距离中的权系数矩阵以降低干扰因素的影响,利用改进的距离测度计算特征图像间的相似度。实验结果表明该算法与传统的识别方法相比,有一定的人脸特征描述和识别性能。     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.     

The Distributed Time-Triggered Simulation Scheme: Core Principles and Supporting Execution Engine

Distributed real-time simulation is a young technology field but its practice is under increasing demands. In recent years the author and his collaborators have been establishing a new approach called the distributed time-triggered simulation (DTS) scheme which is conceptually simple and easy to use but widely applicable. The concept was initiated in the course of developing a new-generation object-oriented real-time programming scheme called the time-triggered message-triggered object (TMO) programming scheme. Some fundamental issues inherent in distributed real-time simulation that were learned during recent experimental studies are discussed along with some approaches for resolving the issues. An execution engine developed to support both the TMOs engaged in control computation and the TMOs engaged in DTS is also discussed along with its possible extensions that will enable significantly larger-scale DTSs.     

Software-Konfigurationsmanagement in großen Softwareprojekten

Zusammenfassung Mit zunehmender Größe der Softwaresysteme verschärfen sich die für die Software-Herstellung typischen Probleme: Beherrschen großer Objektmengen, Erhalten der Systemkonsistenz, Kontrolle der ständigen Änderungseinflüsse und Gewährleisten einer langen Lebensdauer. Die Disziplin Konfigurationsmanagement bildet den methodischen Ansatz, diese Probleme besser zu beherrschen. Software-Konfigurationsmanagement faßt die Herstellung von Softwaresystemen als eine Abfolge von kontrollierten Änderungen an gesicherten Zwischen- und Endergebnissen auf. Dargestellt werden die Objekte und Funktionen des Software-Konfigurationsmanagements sowie die hierfür in großen Software-Projekten benötigten Methoden, Instanzen und Hilfsmittel.     

Call for Papers The 6^th International Conference on Grid and Cooperative Computing

Recent years have seen rapid advances in various grid-related technologies, middleware, and applications. The GCC conference has become one of the largest scientific events worldwide in grid and cooperative computing. The 6th international conference on grid and cooperative computing (GCC2007) Sponsored by China Computer Federation (CCF),Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICT) and Xinjiang University ,and in Cooperation with IEEE Computer Soceity ,is to be held from August 16 to 18, 2007 in Urumchi, Xinjiang, China.     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and     

Editorial:Brain-machine interface(BMI) and cyborg intelligence

正Brain-machine interfaces(BMIs)aim at building a direct communication pathway between the brain and an external device,and represent an area of research where significant progress has been made during the past decade.Based on BMIs,mind information can be read out by neural signals to control     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate     

SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 57(2014)

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