基于版本结构的产品配置管理研究和实现

产品配置管理是产品数据管理系统的关键技术之一。方便、灵活、高效地生成产品配置是配置方法研究的重要内容。文章在对产品配置的三种方式进行分析的基础上，重点阐述了版本配置，提出版本结构的概念并以此描述零部件版本演进过程，构造了一种基于版本结构的产品配置方法，最后采用一个飞机产品实例说明该方法的实现过程。     

基于产品结构配置的工程数据管理系统设计与实现

文章提出以产品结构为核心组织和管理工程数据，论述了产品结构配置用于工程数据管理的特点，给出了基于产品结构配置的工程数据管理系统的功能与实现方案。     

基于XML的产品配置方法研究

针对异构环境下产品数据描述不统一以及产品信息共享难以实现的实际问题,利用XML的强扩展性,描述精确性以及平台无关性等特点,提出了以XML为基础的产品数据描述格式,给出了基于XML的产品配置方法以及产品配置管理模型,并设计了在该配置管理模型下配置规则的一种实现方式,同时给出了对应的结构树配置算法.最后还结合了一个配置实例来说明该方法.     

基于GBOM的产品配置研究

针对可配置产品和产品族的特点，提出一个基于GBOM的产品配置模型GPCM，详细地分析了模型中配置单元的构成、划分、约束关系的表达，说明了配置过程的实现与PDM，ERP和CAD的集成等问题．最后给出了模型在电梯产品配置中的实际应用．     

基于产品模型的多级产品配置研究

本文首先对产品配置的通用方法进行了总结,然后对产品配置的相关对象进行了分析,提出了一种产品模型的构造方法,并在此基础上提出了基于产品模型的多级产品配置方法,并给出一个发动机产品配置实例.     

支持大批量定制的产品配置设计系统的研究

针对大批量定制生产的特点，提出基于产品功能结构单元的产品配置模板来完成对客户配置需求的快速响应，给出了产品配置模板的信息模型和配置求解策略．由于机械产品结构的复杂性，引入配置设计知识的混合表达方法以适应不同产品设计类型的要求．最后给出基于产品配置模板信息模型的配置设计系统的实例．     

基于Smartclient的PLM产品结构与配置管理

针对传统体系结构的不足，提出了基于智能客户端（Smartclient）和Webservices技术的PLM产品结构与配置管理系统的体系结构。在此基础上，设计并实现了IntePSM系统。该系统在体系结构上采用全插件式结构，实现了系统组件间的高内聚松耦合。在系统功能上，实现了产品族管理、版本管理、产品配置管理、产品变更管理等功能。     

面向大规模定制汽车产品配置器的关键技术研究

在阐述了面向大规模定制的产品配置技术理论的基础上,制定了一种产品配置的设计方案;以汽车产品为实例,详细介绍了汽车产品配置规则,建立了汽车产品配置的流程;针对汽车产品构建了一种基于PDM的产品配置器,为汽车产品实现面向大规模定制的配置奠定了基础.     

基于事物特性表的参数化产品配置

提出一种基于事物特性表的产品族（零部件族）描述方式,建立了产品族（零部件族）的通用结构模型;通过参数化的约束规则规范部件族之间的关系,并依据规则可传递原理简化产品配置规则的定义和推理,实现了参数化的产品配置.     

大规模定制下产品配置系统数据库的设计与实现

目的 产品配置软件的主要任务是根据配置规则配置条件的各项要求和限定,从产品信息数据库中搜索符合的零件对象,并且对零件的可装配性、相互约束等方面进行检查,最终输出一个完整有效的产品物料清单(BOM).方法 在基于大规模定制下产品配置的数据库管理系统中,采用单层BOM的数据格式,实现了产品结构树和BOM数据库之间数据的相互转换,满足了BOM的自动创建管理和产品结构数据发生改变时的数据一致更新.结果 基于关系数据库的面向对象技术,创建符合于产品配置系统的数据结构,获得产品数据的面向对象表示,实现大规模定制下产品配置系统数据库设计.结论 构造一个适合用户需要的数据库,对有效管理产品数据、充分利用现有资源和快速实现产品的定制设计、对大规模定制生产中的产品配置系统都具有十分重要的作用,为设计类似系统数据库提供了参考.     

A systematic data-mining-based methodology for product family design and product configuration

Product family design and product configuration based on data mining technology is identified as an intelligent and automated means to improve the efficiency of product development. However, few of previous literatures have proposed systematic product family design method based on data mining technology. To make up for this deficiency, this research put forward a systematic data-mining-based method for product family design and product configuration. First, the customer requirement information and product engineering information in the historical order are formatted into structural data. Second, principal component analysis is performed on historical orders to extract the customers' differentiated needs. Third, association rule algorithm is introduced to mine the rules between differentiated needs and module instances in the historical orders, thus obtained the configuration knowledge between customer needs and product engineer. Forth, the mined rules are used to construct association rule-based classifier (CBA) that is employed to sort out the best product configuration schemes as popular product variants. Fifth, sequence alignment technique is employed to identify modules for popular product variants, so that the module instances are divided into optional, common and special module, respectively, thereby the product platform is generated based on common modules. Finally, according to new customer needs, the CBA classifier is used to recommend the best configuration schemes, and then popular product variants are configured based on the product platform. The feasibility of the proposed method is demonstrated by the product family design example of desktop computer hosts.     

Product platform configuration for product families: Module clustering based on product architecture and manufacturing process

Product family design utilizes platform-based modularity to enable product variety and efficient mass-production. While product platform issues have attracted much attention from both academia and industry, traditional product platform design for product families emphasized the platform-based modularity that focuses on product structure dimension (functional or non-functional) to realize cost reductions during the design stage. Both the design architecture and manufacturing process are objectives that define product family modularity (PFM). They should be closely coupled with each other for the planning and configuration of platforms. This paper focuses on the product platform configuration by recognizing and utilizing shared product modules for product families. Instead of clustering product modules only based on their design structure, this approach differentiates each product variant, and considers the inherent relationship between product architecture and processing activities. The advantage is that similar components can be grouped and produced on a shared platform, thus benefitting from lower cost and shorter production time. First, both the architecture and manufacturing information of the product variety are captured in matrix format. Then, hierarchical clustering is applied over the components to generate PFM. Finally, a set of platforms are constructed to efficiently process most components of variants.     

基于Web的产品配置原型系统设计与应用研究

通过对基于Web的产品功能树配置方法、产品结构树配置方法的探讨,在分析了通用的基于Web的产品配置系统程序设计中几个关键技术问题的基础上,提出了该系统的功能结构、体系结构,开发了原型系统,并以砂带磨床为对象,给出了该系统的应用示例。     

Development of a product configuration system with an ontology-based approach

Product configuration is a crucial means to implement the mass customization paradigm by assembling a set of customizable components to satisfy both customers’ needs and technical constraints. With the aim of enabling efficient and effective development of product configuration systems by reusing configuration knowledge, an ontology-based approach to modeling product configuration knowledge is presented in this paper. The ontology-based product configuration models are hierarchically organized. At the lower level, a configuration meta-model is defined. Based on this meta-model, domain-specific configuration knowledge can be derived by reusing or inheriting the classes or relations in the meta-model. Configuration models are formalized using OWL (Ontology Web Language), an ontology representation language developed by W3C. As a result, configuration models have well-defined semantics due to the logic semantics of OWL, making it possible to automatically detect inconsistencies of configuration knowledge bases. Furthermore, configuration constraints are represented in SWRL, a rule language based on OWL. Finally, actual configuration processes are carried out using JESS, a rule engine for the Java platform, by mapping OWL-based configuration facts and SWRL-based configuration constraints into JESS facts and JESS rules, respectively. The proposed methodology is illustrated with an example for configuring the ranger drilling machine.     

基于质量功能展开的产品配置模型

为使产品配置过程更符合用户的习惯，将质量功能展开引入配置过程，建立了基于质量功能展开的产品配置数学模型，其目标是根据用户的个性化需求，从可行配置方案中找到最符合用户需求的方案．为便于求解，将数学模型转换成等效的线性规划模型．实例仿真结果表明该模型是有效可行的．     

基于层次灰关联的产品配置方案评价研究

产品配置方案评价方法是产品配置设计的关键技术问题,为合理、有效地评价产品配置方案,将层次灰关联理论应用于产品配置设计领域,建立了基于层次分析法-加权灰色关联度的配置方案综合评价决策模型。提出了一种定性分析与定量分析相结合,并兼顾了指标间的关联性的综合评价方法。最后通过一实例对该方法进行了应用验证。     

面向企业的产品结构与配置管理关键技术研究

结合目前企业的发展需要,简述现今PDM的发展趋势,并针对产品结构与配置管理在企业实施中存在的问题,提出面向企业的产品结构与配置管理理念。在此基础上,论述了信息资源库的建立、面向企业的全局产品信息模型、版本管理、体系结构等关键技术。     

Responsive consistency restoration in interactive product configuration by content-addressable memory

With the context of individualized product design in mass customization, the practice of product configuration is transformed from traditional unidirectional process into bidirectional design interactions. In this interactive configuration manner, maintaining the consistency of configuration assignments, often referred to as consistency restoration, is one of the primary issues which should be addressed. The task of consistency restoration faces two great challenges: the uncertainty and individualized flexibility of customer requirements. The uncertainty turns problem dynamic and deteriorates the computational complexity of existing consistency restoration methods. The individualized flexibility turns the task of consistency restoration ill-structured. Consequently, these two characteristics increase the response time in interactive configuration and make companies face the challenge of ‘customization-responsiveness squeeze’. To leverage this problem, this paper proposes a responsive approach to facilitate the task of consistency restoration. A methodology based on content-addressable memory (CAM) is established, which compiles a CSP-based consistency restoration into a memory recalling process and automatically corrects the incompleteness and inconsistency within the memory. Specific orientation mechanism based on customer preference is proposed to introduce customer flexibility into CAM model. The resulting oriented-CAM method is demonstrated by a case study and the performance and responsiveness are analyzed.     

Systematic modeling and reusing of process knowledge for rapid process configuration

Rapid product development relies heavily on quick and reliable process planning and knowledge reuse. Process configuration borrows the principles of product configuration and applies them to process planning. It allows the reuse of hierarchical, historical and case-based manufacturing process knowledge to generate process plans efficiently and effectively. This paper presents a systematic knowledge model for manufacturing process cases. The model represents process knowledge at different levels of granularity and to facilitate process configuration. With this knowledge model the process knowledge is categorized into 6 levels: (i) core process skeletons, (ii) process networks, (iii) process routes, (iv) process segments, (v) processes/workplan, and (vi) operations/working step. Based on the systematic knowledge model, this paper also proposes an approach to achieve rapid process configuration by reusing the process knowledge and by performing the involved configuration rules so as to create an appropriate, reliable and effective process plan. The prototype for a graphical process planner based on this knowledge model is developed and an aerospace example is used to validate the proposed process knowledge model and process configuration.     

Supporting distributed product configuration by integrating heterogeneous variability modeling approaches

ContextIn industrial settings products are developed by more than one organization. Software vendors and suppliers commonly typically maintain their own product lines, which contribute to a larger (multi) product line or software ecosystem. It is unrealistic to assume that the participating organizations will agree on using a specific variability modeling technique—they will rather use different approaches and tools to manage the variability of their systems.ObjectiveWe aim to support product configuration in software ecosystems based on several variability models with different semantics that have been created using different notations.MethodWe present an integrative approach that provides a unified perspective to users configuring products in multi product line environments, regardless of the different modeling methods and tools used internally. We also present a technical infrastructure and a prototype implementation based on web services.ResultsWe show the feasibility of the approach and its implementation by using it with the three most widespread types of variability modeling approaches in the product line community, i.e., feature-based, OVM-style, and decision-oriented modeling. To demonstrate the feasibility and flexibility of our approach, we present an example derived from industrial experience in enterprise resource planning. We further applied the approach to support the configuration of privacy settings in the Android ecosystem based on multiple variability models. We also evaluated the performance of different model enactment strategies used in our approach.ConclusionsTools and techniques allowing stakeholders to handle variability in a uniform manner can considerably foster the initiation and growth of software ecosystems from the perspective of software reuse and configuration.