基于实时数据库的软PLC运行系统研究

本文分析了目前软PLC的发展方向和存在的不足;提出了基于实时数据库来构建软PLC运行系统的思想。并通过研究软PLC运行系统的工作方式和流程,详细讨论了软PLC与实时数据库进行数据交换的方法,最后基于此方法开发了软PLC与实时数据库的接口模块。     

基于差别矩阵的双射软决策系统的约筒

在GongK等人给出双射软集和双射软决策系统概念的基础上,提出基于差别矩阵的求双射软决策系统约简的方法。利用差别矩阵的一些性质,把粗糙集理论中的约简方法应用到双射软决策系统中,既简化了求约简的过程,又推广了粗糙集理论中的约简方法。     

一种应用软粗糙模糊集的多属性决策方法

将软粗糙模糊集应用于多属性决策问题,用软粗糙模糊集分析模糊知识表达系统,定义了软模糊决策系统、决策分类模糊软集依赖度、条件双射软集对决策分类模糊软集的重要性、软模糊决策系统的约简、软模糊决策系统的决策规则等概念,借助这些概念给出了一种基于软粗糙模糊集的多属性决策算法,通过实例分析说明了该算法的可行性。     

基于对象重用的软件生成系统的设计

本文给出了基于对象重用的软件生成系统的设计。该系统是以可重用软构件库为核心的集成化支撑环境，它解决了软构件的定义、生成、组织、检索、重用等问题，能实现软件系统的自动生成     

COTS软构件评估研究综述*

对COTS（Commercial OffTheShelf）软构件评估进行综述,包括COTS软构件评估在整个CBS活动框架中的定位、COTS软构件评估的过程和方法及与其密切相关的其他CBS活动领域简介等,并对COTS软构件评估的未来发展方向进行了展望。     

支持集成的软构件库设计与实现

支持集成的软构件库系统在对软构件进行增、删、改、查的基础上增加系统建模和软构件集成和部署的辅助功能。软构件库对软构件按照改进的刻面分类策略进行分类，通过系统建模形成软构件的描述模型从而生成检索条件，在库中检索到所需软构件后在系统生成器中完成软构件的集成和部署。     

软仪表及其在智能故障诊断中的应用

在现代工业自动化系统和测试系统中,软仪表已逐渐成为一种范式,随着软仪表的广泛使用,为智能故障诊断提供了可能,本文从开发实例入手,论证了软仪表在智能故障诊断应用中的可行性,对其应用于智能故障诊断的前景做出有益的探索。     

室内软装饰审美情感研究

随着社会的不断发展,人们审美意识的提高,室内设计不断细化,人类对居住环境也有了更高的要求,软装饰设计已经成为室内设计中不可忽视的要素。本文从室内软装饰的功能及审美展开论述,激发人类对生存居住环境的深层次思考。从而使室内软装设计体现人的情感需要.     

基于FPGA软核的高速数据采集系统设计

为解决不同性能指标数据采集系统开发时间较长的问题,提出了一种将FPGA软核技术应用于高速数据采集系统设计的方法.系统以Xilinx公司的FPGA为例设计软核,使用VHDL语言对软核进行模块化设计.介绍了数据采集系统的硬件电路、USB固件程序、USB驱动程序以及LabVIEw上位机的设计.该数据采集系统结构可移植性强,有利于缩短同类型系统设计研发周期.     

办公自动化系统中基于软计算的知识管理实现方法设想

本文首先指出办公自动化系统中知识管理的实现方法是当前办公自动化领域中的研究重点，以及软计算能够作为知识管理实现方法的基础。然后，从知识管理的基本要素出发，发掘实现知识管理需解决的各个方面的具体问题，并对这些问题加以分析，在此基础上根据软计算中各成员方法各自所具有的优缺点，对于每一方面的具体问题，都选择最为适当的几种方法将它们整合在一起，协同工作共同解决问题，从而形成一套基于软计算的解决各个方面具体问题的新方法，这样的一套基于软计算的解决问题的新方法可以认为是办公自动化系统中实现知识管理的有效方法。     

Using Soft Systems Methodology for Performance Improvement and Organisational Change in the English National Health Service

The Soft Systems Methodology (SSM) advocated by Checkland and Scholes (1990) has considerable potential. It can provide policy makers, professionals, and managers in complex health organisations with a valuable addition to management approaches leading to practical improvements through innovative organisational change. With reference to the English National Health Service (NHS), this author argues that SSM can enable managers and others to address problem situations holistically, identify critical issues, and reach an accommodation of different viewpoints as a basis for improvement. The SSM approach can usefully compliment strategic frameworks, such as the Balanced Scorecard, in achieving clarity of thinking about performance and change issues'.     

Towards an SSM toolkit: rich picture diagramming

Soft systems methodology (SSM) attempts to make sense of complex problem situations which involve human activity. These problem situations are not well defined, often being described as ‘fuzzy’. SSM uses models of these purposeful activity systems (human activity systems) to help their interpretation. Tools are not usually associated with this approach because problem situations are difficult to model and tools are considered inappropriate by many of the approache's proponents. In this paper we discuss the benefits of the soft systems approach and the use of tools in general, consider some of the issues relating to tools in the context of soft systems and describe our research in developing tools in this area, in particular, a tool supporting the drawing of rich picture diagrams called Get Rich Quick!     

基于软系统方法论（SSM）的MIS开发方法

本文依据系统工程思想和软件工程方法学的要求，采用ＳＳＭ结合快速原型法形成了一种新的软件开发方法─—快速软系统方法（ＲＳＳＭ）．文中详细介绍了该方法的原理和工作步骤，并成功地用于某厂ＭＩＳ开发的情况．     

On mathematical models of adaptive systems

The aim of this paper is to present a mathematical model for a system to control an object favourably which is unknown for the system—an adaptive system. We make the concept of adaptiveness precise first and consider systems as stochastic sequential machines (SSM's) to answer the question : what kind of logical structure is necessary and sufficient for a SSM to be adaptive. Some necessary conditions for a SSM to be adaptive are shown, and for a specified class of SSM's, the necessary and sufficient conditions to be adaptive are given. Furthermore, some examples of adaptive SSM's are shown.     

基于最大似然线性回归的随机段模型说话人自适应研究

提出了一种随机段模型系统的说话人自适应方法。根据随机段模型的模型特性,将最大似然线性回归方法引入到随机段模型系统中。在“863 test”测试集上进行的汉语连续语音识别实验显示,在不同的解码速度下,说话人自适应后汉字错误率均有明显的下降。实验结果表明,最大似然线性回归方法在随机段模型系统中同样能取得较好的效果。     

A trace-based approach to identifying users’ engagement and qualifying their engaged-behaviours in interactive systems: application to a social game

Analysing and monitoring users’ engaged-behaviours continuously and under ecologically valid conditions can reveal valuable information for designers and practitioners, allowing them to analyse, design and monitor the interactive mediated activity, and then to adapt and personalise it. An interactive mediated activity is a human activity supported by digital interactive technologies. While classical metric methods fall within quantitative approaches, this paper proposes a qualitative approach to identifying users’ engagement and qualifying their engaged-behaviours from their traces of interaction. Traces of interaction represent the users’ activities with an interactive environment. The basis of our approach is to transform low-level traces of interaction into meaningful information represented in higher-level traces. For this, our approach combines three theoretical frameworks: the Self-Determination Theory, the Activity Theory and the Trace Theory. Our approach has been implemented and tested in the context of the QUEJANT Projet. QUEJANT targets the development of a system allowing the actors of Social Gaming to analyse players’ engagement from an analysis of their activity traces. In order to demonstrate the feasibility of our approach, we implemented the whole process in a prototype and applied it to 12 players’ interaction data collected over four months. Based on these interaction data, we were able to identify engaged and non-engaged users and to qualify their types of engaged-behaviours. We also conducted a user study based on a validation of our results by experts. The high prediction rate obtained confirms the performance of our approach. We finally discuss the limitations of our approach, the potential fields of application and the implications for digital behavioural interventions.     

Preliminary validation of two temporal parameter-based soil moisture retrieval models using a satellite product and in situ soil moisture measurements over the REMEDHUS network

This study aims to preliminarily validate two newly developed temporal parameter-based surface soil moisture (SSM) retrieval models, namely the mid-morning model and daytime model, using both microwave satellite soil moisture product and in situ SSM measurements over a well-organized soil moisture network named REd de MEDición de la HUmedad del Suelo (REMEDHUS) in Spain. Ground SSM measurements and geostationary satellite observations were primarily implemented to obtain the model coefficients for the two SSM retrieval models for each cloud-free day. These model coefficients were subsequently used to estimate SSM using the Meteosat Second Generation products over the study area. Preliminary verification using both a satellite product and in situ SSM measurements demonstrated that SSM variation can be well detected by both SSM retrieval models. Specifically, a generally similar accuracy (coefficient of determination R²: 0.419–0.379, root mean square error: 0.046–0.051 m³ m^?3, Bias: ?0.020 to ?0.025 m³ m^?3) was found for the mid-morning model and the daytime model with the microwave missions based climate change initiative SSM product, respectively. Moreover, except for the comparable R² (0.614–0.675), a better accuracy (Bias: 0.032–0.044 m³ m^?3, RMSE: 0.043–0.050 m³ m^?3) are achieved for the daytime model and the mid-morning model with network SSM measurements, respectively. These results indicate that the daytime model exhibited generally comparable or better accuracy than that of the mid-morning model over the study area. This study has strengthened the feasibility of using multi-temporal information derived from the geostationary satellites to estimate SSM in future research.     

Critique of two contributions to soft systems methodology

The European Journal of Information Systems recently published two articles seeking to contribute to the body of knowledge about soft systems methodology (SSM). The present paper is a response to these. The papers discussed relate SSM to other bodies of knowledge: grounding SSM (Brown, 1992) and offering a toolkit for rich picture diagramming (Avison et al., 1992). This paper argues that, in these two papers, there is a tendency to pay too little attention to the intrinsic characteristics of SSM. While SSM is user-dependent and open to interpretation, this paper raises some issues pertinent to a critique of these two articles from an SSM perspective, and suggests more rigour and subtlety in dealing with SSM.     

Effects of vegetation and soil texture on surface soil moisture retrieval using multi-temporal optical and thermal infrared observations

To retrieve surface soil moisture (SSM) content over natural surfaces quantitatively, the effects of vegetation and soil texture on a previously developed bare SSM retrieval model are evaluated using simulated data from the common land model (CoLM). The results indicate that (1) both the accuracy and the five model parameters of the previous SSM retrieval model show relatively consistent variations when the fractional vegetation cover (FVC) varies from 0 to 0.7; and (2) the SSM exhibits a generally significant and exponential relationship with the rotation angle when the clay content is lower than 30%, with the FVC ranging from 0 to 0.7. These findings make it possible to estimate SSM directly under the conditions that the underlying surface is in the presence of spatially variable FVC and soil texture. On this basis, we further confirm the feasibility of using the previous bare SSM retrieval model to estimate SSM for FVC varying from 0 to 0.7 with a clay content lower than 30%. For the simulated data on eight cloud-free days, the total root mean square error (RMSE) of the retrieved SSM and the coefficient of determination (R²) are 0.033 m³m^?3 and 0.758, respectively. Ultimately, a preliminary validation is conducted using the ground measurements at the Bondville site; an R² = 0.328 and a RMSE = 0.058 m³m^?3 are obtained for 14 cloud-free days.     

可信计算环境下的MACSec安全关联方案

为满足跨交换机间的媒体访问控制（MAC）层安全通信需求,提出一种改进的MACSec安全关联方案。该方案建立了新加入交换机与不相邻交换机之间的安全关联密钥（security association key,SAK）,用于保护它们之间的MAC层数据通信。为了使得该方案进一步适合于可信计算环境,在该方案基础上提出了一种可信计算环境下的MACSec安全关联方案。该方案增加了对终端设备的平台认证,从而实现了终端设备的可信网络接入,有效增强了局域网络的安全性。最后,利用串空间模型（SSM）证明了这两个MACSec安全关联方案是安全的。