考虑级联失效的有向WSNs节点重要度评估模型

针对无线传感器网络中关键节点失效引发网络快速崩溃的问题,考虑节点之间存在相互作用且相互作用具有方向性的特征,建立有向网络级联失效模型,推导节点失效后引起的负载震荡状态值.基于经典的PageRank算法,利用失效节点引发的邻居节点平均负载震荡状态值定义节点的初始重要度值,建立节点度择优的分配规则改进PageRank算法的平均分配规则,结合节点层级结构,建立考虑级联失效的有向传感器网络节点重要性分析方法.最后,通过仿真实验验证算法的有效性.实验证明,该方法能有效地评估了有向无线传感器网络节点的重要性,而且当对判定出的关键节点进行保护时,该方法判定关键节点的网络抗毁性明显较强.     

基于元胞自动机的无线传感器网络抗毁性分析

因能耗敏感与有效连通性特征等所造成的网络抗毁性能低下是制约无线传感器网络规模应用的主要技术瓶颈之一。针对该问题,利用二维元胞自动机考虑能耗失效、连通性失效等五种失效情形,建立无线传感器网络拓扑演化规则,并基于随机性失效策略与选择性失效策略对网络抗毁性能展开分析。研究表明,网络面临随机失效时抗毁性能明显优于选择性失效。通过失效节点构成分析,在随机失效策略下,能耗失效为造成网络失败主因,而在选择性失效策略下,连通性失效对性能影响更为显著。基于所得结论,为进一步研究网络抗毁性能提升方法提供有益借鉴。     

双层相依网络化指挥信息系统级联失效研究

网络化指挥信息系统是现代信息化条件下体系作战的基础支撑和重要枢纽.在分析网络化指挥信息系统结构功能基础上,构建带权重的双层相依网络,提出一种考虑节点过载和节点修复的级联失效模型,并在基于节点权重的负载重分配策略基础上构造基于节点相似、基于节点剩余容量和综合分配3种改进型策略.以“LB演习”数据为样本,针对攻击方式、负载重分配策略和网络性能参数对网络抗毁性影响展开研究.仿真结果表明:物理层重要节点对网络性能影响最为关键,并且网络性能会在蓄意攻击下产生突变现象;改进的3种策略,特别是综合分配策略,能够显著提升网络抗毁性,网络性能参数能够在一定范围内大幅提升网络抗毁性,避免大规模级联失效现象.     

一种基于无标度局域世界演化网络模型的 无线传感器网络拓扑构建

无标度网络具有场景适应性强,且应对随机性打击效果较好等特点.为提高无线传感器网络的抗毁性能,从网络拓扑演化角度入手,构建具有无标度特性的网络拓扑.结合无线传感器网络中每个节点都有其通讯范围的特点,将无标度网络引入到无线传感器网络,且在择优演化过程中,各节点度不得超过设定值,构建基于无标度局域世界演化网络模型的无线传感器网络拓扑,并对模型进行仿真.从结果可明显看出,优化的模型中连边较短,即优化的模型平均最短路径降低,可有效减少数据收发过程中能量的消耗,延长网络生存周期,提高网络抗毁性.     

基于介数中心性的无线传感器网络抗毁性评价方法

基于复杂网络理论的介数中心性,提出了无线传感器网络(WSNs)节点介数中心性概念,并利用该中心性来衡量网络中各个节点的重要性.基于网络结构熵,结合WSNs自身特性,给出了介数熵测度模型,用以衡量网络的抗毁性.仿真实验表明:提出的介数熵抗毁性测度能全面、准确地评估网络的抗毁性.     

具有抗毁性的无线传感器网络有向拓扑模型

如何通过合理构建拓扑模型有效提高网络抵御攻击的能力,一直是该领域研究的热点之一.针对无线传感网络无标度拓扑在遭受不同攻击方式时抗毁性差的问题,本文结合节点出入度和介数中心性两种因素,同时考虑数据传输的有向性,提出衡量网络抗毁性的度量模型概念,将该模型引入择优连接概率中,构建具有抗毁性的无线传感器网络有向拓扑模型.理论证明网络节点出入度均服从幂律分布,符合无标度特性,仿真实验结果表明,在相同实验环境下,该文所构拓扑模型在最大连通分支比例和网络效率两方面均优于其他3种比较模型,具有更强的抗毁性.     

有向加权供应链网络级联失效的抗毁性研究

供应链网络是一个高度复杂的有向加权网络, 研究供应链网络本身的抗毁性对改良供应链网络拓扑结构, 提高网络稳定性和鲁棒性有着至关重要的意义. 因此本文依据复杂供应链网络中不同的网络攻击方式导致的节点 或者连边级联失效现象, 提出了一项在有向加权供应链网络下的抗毁性标准. 在提出的抗毁性准则中, 本文引入 了“网络运营度”的概念, 并针对有向加权网络的几种级联失效现象下的“网络运营度”的理论机理进行阐述, 最后 通过实验证明该抗毁性准则相对于其他文章所提出的抗毁性准则有着相对较好的表现, 证实了本文提出的抗毁性 测度的有效性.     

遗传算法在无线传感器网络覆盖中仿真研究

在无线传感器覆盖问题的研究中,传统覆盖算法存在节点覆盖区域间重复率高、能耗浪费从而导致网络覆盖效率低、网络寿命短的难题.为了提高无线传感器网络的覆盖率、延长网络生存时间,提出一种遗传算法优化的无线传感网络覆盖方法.首先把拓扑控制思想引入到网络节能覆盖中,无线传感器最大覆盖率为目标,建立一个感知半径之和最小的数学模型,然后利用遗传算法对模型进行求解,从而得到最优网络覆盖.最后进行仿真实验,仿真结果表明,相对于传统算法,不仅节能而且可以用较少的传感器节点获得较高覆盖率、有效地降低信道通讯干扰、提高网络的抗毁性.     

一种可自维护的无线传感器网络拓扑控制算法

在温室、救灾等环境监测过程中,无线传感器网络会因频繁发生自然故障和遭受恶意攻击而引起网络可生存性问题,针对这一问题提出了一种可自维护的具有抗毁性的拓扑控制算法。仿真结果表明,该算法能够简单有效地构建并维护容错拓扑结构,在节点失效时保证网络拓扑容错抗毁,使得无线传感器网络具有可生存的能力。     

一种新型WSN抗毁性评价方法及其仿真实现

从特定的以数据为中心的无线传感器网络拓扑结构出发,首先给出了无线传感器网络连通性的一个新测度—连通系数,在此基础之上给出了抗毁性测度的新定义,针对面临的两种攻击,给出了无线传感器网络抗毁性的两个新测度-容错度和抗攻击度,并对基于小世界模型的无线传感器网络抗毁性进行了抗毁性分析,仿真表明提出的评估模型更能客观,准确地评估以数据收集为中心的无线传感器网络的抗毁性。     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.     

Call for Papers The 6^th International Conference on Grid and Cooperative Computing

Recent years have seen rapid advances in various grid-related technologies, middleware, and applications. The GCC conference has become one of the largest scientific events worldwide in grid and cooperative computing. The 6th international conference on grid and cooperative computing (GCC2007) Sponsored by China Computer Federation (CCF),Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICT) and Xinjiang University ,and in Cooperation with IEEE Computer Soceity ,is to be held from August 16 to 18, 2007 in Urumchi, Xinjiang, China.     

The Distributed Time-Triggered Simulation Scheme: Core Principles and Supporting Execution Engine

Distributed real-time simulation is a young technology field but its practice is under increasing demands. In recent years the author and his collaborators have been establishing a new approach called the distributed time-triggered simulation (DTS) scheme which is conceptually simple and easy to use but widely applicable. The concept was initiated in the course of developing a new-generation object-oriented real-time programming scheme called the time-triggered message-triggered object (TMO) programming scheme. Some fundamental issues inherent in distributed real-time simulation that were learned during recent experimental studies are discussed along with some approaches for resolving the issues. An execution engine developed to support both the TMOs engaged in control computation and the TMOs engaged in DTS is also discussed along with its possible extensions that will enable significantly larger-scale DTSs.     

Software-Konfigurationsmanagement in großen Softwareprojekten

Zusammenfassung Mit zunehmender Größe der Softwaresysteme verschärfen sich die für die Software-Herstellung typischen Probleme: Beherrschen großer Objektmengen, Erhalten der Systemkonsistenz, Kontrolle der ständigen Änderungseinflüsse und Gewährleisten einer langen Lebensdauer. Die Disziplin Konfigurationsmanagement bildet den methodischen Ansatz, diese Probleme besser zu beherrschen. Software-Konfigurationsmanagement faßt die Herstellung von Softwaresystemen als eine Abfolge von kontrollierten Änderungen an gesicherten Zwischen- und Endergebnissen auf. Dargestellt werden die Objekte und Funktionen des Software-Konfigurationsmanagements sowie die hierfür in großen Software-Projekten benötigten Methoden, Instanzen und Hilfsmittel.     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and     

Editorial:Brain-machine interface(BMI) and cyborg intelligence

正Brain-machine interfaces(BMIs)aim at building a direct communication pathway between the brain and an external device,and represent an area of research where significant progress has been made during the past decade.Based on BMIs,mind information can be read out by neural signals to control     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate     

SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 57(2014)

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