基于奇异谱分析的经验模态分解去噪方法

提出了一种基于奇异谱分析(SSA)的经验模态分解(EMD)去噪方法。该方法先对带噪信号进行EMD分解,得到若干个本征模态函数(IMF)。再通过SSA对每个IMF分量进行去噪处理:把第一个IMF分量作为高频噪声,并根据它计算出剩余IMF中所含的噪声能量,从而得到剩下的每个IMF中信号所占的能量比值。然后选择合适的窗口长度,对每个IMF进行SSA变换,根据IMF中信号所占的能量比值选择合适的奇异值分解(SVD)分量重构,得到去噪后的IMF。再将所有重构得到的IMF分量以及余项相加,得到最终去噪后的信号。经过实验,对比研究了该方法与小波软阈值、EMD软阈值和EMD滤波方法的去噪效果,结果表明该方法整体优于其它方法,是一种有效的信号去噪方法。     

基于EEMD和模糊阈值的去噪方法

为了提高EEMD分解中噪声主导模态的去噪效果,利用模糊隶属度的优势,提出了一种EEMD和模糊阈值相结合的去噪方法。首先用二范数计算各个本征模态函数(IMF)与观测信号的概率密度函数(PDF)之间的相似度,得到噪声主导的IMF;然后对噪声主导的IMF进行模糊阈值处理,以去除IMF中的噪声;最后将所有的IMF重构得到消噪信号。分别采用仿真信号和ECG信号进行去噪实验,结果均表明,所提方法的去噪效果整体上优于小波半软阈值方法和基于EMD的间隔阈值(EMD-IT)方法。     

一种改进的EMD硬阈值去噪算法

为了提升基于经典小波阈值的EMD去噪算法的性能,利用高斯白噪声的统计特征提出了一种改进的硬阈值去噪算法;首先将含噪信号进行EMD分解,把第一个固有模态函数作为高频噪声直接去除并估算出其他IMF中高斯白噪声的能量,然后根据硬阈值去噪的原理,利用滤除掉的样本点包含的能量等于白噪声的能量确定出合适的阈值;该方法能根据样本点自适应地确定阈值;最后通过对含噪正弦信号和仿真心电信号的去噪实验证实了改进后的阈值使算法去噪效果有明显提升。     

基于夹角余弦和模糊阈值的EEMD去噪方法

针对非线性非平稳信号的去噪问题,结合EEMD分解信号的自适应特性,提出一种基于夹角余弦和模糊阈值的去噪方法。首先用夹角余弦法计算各个本征模态函数（IMF）与观测信号之间的相似度,以相似度曲线的首个极小值的后一个位置为分界点将分解出的IMF分为噪声主导模态和信号主导模态;然后根据VisuShrink阈值易“过扼杀”细节系数和SUREShrink阈值易“过保留”噪声系数的特点,利用模糊阈值对噪声主导的IMF进行处理;最后将所有的IMF重构得到消噪信号。分别采用仿真信号和真实ECG信号进行去噪实验。结果表明,所提方法在整体性能上优于小波半软阈值方法、基于EMD的软阈值（EMD-Soft）和间隔阈值（EMD-IT）方法,是一种有效的去噪方法。     

基于总体平均经验模态分解的语音增强算法研究

总体平均经验模态分解EEMD(Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition)虽然能够在一定程度上抑制模态混淆,但添加的白噪声不能被完全中和,对所有本征模态函数IMF(Intrinsic Mode Function)分量进行集成平均等增加了计算工作量。基于EEMD和结合小波阈值去噪思想,提出改进的EEMD方法。首先对原始信号进行EEMD分解,得到一系列IMF分量;其次对筛选后的每个IMF计算噪声强度;然后采用小波启发式阈值估计噪声并计算阈值;最后以软阈值的方式滤除每个IMF中噪声并重构信号还原出增强的语音。通过分析仿真信号和实测信号,结果表明:该算法对带噪语音有很好的滤波效果,与其他同类算法相比提高信噪比2~4 d B。     

基于VMD和小波阈值的水听器信号去噪方法

针对水听器采集信号过程中存在的外界环境噪声干扰问题,提出了一种基于变分模态分解和小波阈值(VMD-WT) 的联合去噪方法该方法首先对含噪信号进行VMD分解,得到固有模态函数(IMFs)。然后计算每个IMF分量的中心频率和相关系数,通过相关系数阈值去除噪声IMFs,并对其余有用的IMFs进行小波阈值去噪处理。最后对去噪的IMF分量进行重构,得到具有良好信噪比的信号,通过仿真实验,证明了本方法与CEEMDAN=WT(自适应噪声的完备经验模态分解－小波阈值去噪)、EEMD-WT(集合经验模态分解－小波阈值去噪)、EMD-WT(经验模态分解－小波阈值去噪)、WT(小波阈值去噪)等方法相比,具有更好的去噪效果。通过对光纤水听器的实测实验表明本文的VMD-WT法在实际水听运用中具有良好的提高信噪比的性能。     

基于EMD阈值算法的脉冲涡流信号消噪

针对脉冲涡流信号夹杂着较多的高频噪声,提出了一种新的经验模态分解阈值消噪算法。首先将信号分解为多个本征模态函数（Intrinsic Mode Function,IMF）,对信噪比低的高频IMF进行减小噪声能量处理后得到重组信号;再对重组信号进行EMD分解后根据白噪声统计特性对IMF筛选,对噪声含量多的IMF进行小波阈值消噪;最后将处理过的IMF与噪声含量少的IMF重构得到消噪后的信号。实验仿真的结果和数据表明,该方法可以减少失真,获得更高的信噪比,能够较好地消除噪声的干扰恢复出原始的信号。     

改进EEMD算法在心电信号去噪中的应用

集合经验模态分解（Ensemble empirical mode decomposition,EEMD）方法在去除心电信号噪声时,噪声本征模态函数（Intrinsic mode function,IMF）分量难以选择且将噪声分量直接去掉会导致信号失真。针对上述问题,提出了一种基于EEMD的自适应阈值算法。首先对含噪心电图（Electrocardiogram,ECG）数据进行EEMD分解,得到IMF,根据马氏距离进行信号IMF分量和噪声IMF分量的判定,然后通过果蝇优化算法确定噪声IMF的阈值,将经过阈值去噪的新的分量和剩余分量重构得到去噪后的ECG。最后,使用MIT-BIH数据库中的心电数据进行实验,实验结果表明,该方法在去噪同时能够较好地保留信号细节。     

基于经验模态分解和小波阈值的冲击信号去噪

冲击信号是非线性的并且容易受到噪声污染;为研究冲击信号去噪的问题,针对经验模态分解(Empirical Mode Decomposition,EMD)去噪和小波阈值去噪方法存在的不足,提出了基于EMD的小波阈值去噪方法;单纯的EMD去噪方法会在去除高频噪声的同时压制高频的有效信息;EMD与小波阈值去噪相结合,利用连续均方误差准则确定含噪较多的高频固有模态函数(Intrinsic Mode Function, IMF),对高频IMF分量进行小波阈值去噪,以分离并保留这些分量中的有效信息,同时保持低频IMF分量不变;对模拟数据和实际冲击信号进行去噪处理,结果表明,基于EMD的小波阈值去噪方法的去噪效果优于单纯的EMD去噪方法和小波阈值去噪方法。     

基于CEEMDAN和小波熵的心音信号去噪算法研究

针对传统心音去噪算法可能丢失部分重要心音信息问题，提出了一种自适应噪声完备经验模态分解(CEEMDAN)和小波熵结合的心音信号去噪算法。算法通过CEEMDAN将心音信号自适应分解成多个本征模态函数(IMFs),基于各阶本征模态的能量分析判别信噪分界点，对含噪IMF分量采用小波熵自适应阈值去噪后，与信号IMF分量重构，得到去噪后的心音信号。仿真结果显示，在不同信噪比条件下，上述算法均能明显提高心音信号的信噪比，降低均方根误差，优于其它传统去噪算法，具有良好地抑制噪声能力。     

基于经验模态分解的单通道盲源分离算法

为了提高单通道盲源分离性能,首先由单路信号利用经验模态分解得到一系列本征模函数分量组合成多路信号;其次针对存在模态混叠的本征模函数分量,提出利用信号周期性构造其多路信号、并利用独立分量分析消除模态混叠的有效方法;然后利用互相关性消除上述所得到的多路信号中的虚假分量,并将剩余的分量信号与观测信号构成新的多路信号;最后利用Fast-ICA(fast-independent component analysis)算法分离得到源信号。仿真实验表明该算法能够有效分离源信号,分离性能优于目前已有的基于经验模态分解的单通道盲源分离算法。     

经验模式分解回顾与展望

经验模式分解EMD打破了Fourier变换、小波分解等传统数据分析方法需要预先设定基函数的局限,是一种完全由数据驱动的自适应非线性非平稳时变信号分解方法,可以将数据从高频到低频分解成具有物理意义的少数几个固有模态函数分量和一个余量。首先介绍了原始EMD方法的原理和算法;接着,总结归纳了EMD当前的研究现状,分析了EMD存在的端点效应、模态混叠、运行速度问题及其在二维情况下的问题并对国内外学者解决这些问题的方法进行了概述和比较;最后结合EMD研究存在的难题指出了EMD进一步研究与应用的发展方向。     

Observer Based Control of a Missile Seeker System Using Sliding Modes

Control of the seeker is important for successful operation of a missile. This paper proposes robust sliding mode control (SMC) with sliding mode observer (SMO) for the seeker. The SMO is designed for the extended state system wherein the disturbance is considered as an additional state. Estimated disturbance is used to update the SMC law.     

基于ＥＥＭＤ域统计模型的话音激活检测算法

提出了一种基于EEMD域统计模型的话音激活检测算法。算法首先利用总体平均经验模态分解(Ensemble empirical mode decomposition,EEMD)对带噪语音进行分解,得到信号的本征模式函数(Intrinsicmode function,IMF)分量,选择与原信号的相关性最高的两个分量相加组成主分量;然后对主分量进行频域分解,引入统计模型,求出EEMD域特征参数;最后利用噪声与语音的EEMD域特征参数的不同来进行语音激活检测。实验结果表明,在不同信噪比情况下,本文算法性能优于目前常用的VAD算法,特别在噪声强度大时体现出明显的优势。     

Compact differential dual‐band bandpass filter using single quad‐mode metal‐loaded dielectric resonator

This letter presents a novel miniaturized differential dual‐band bandpass filter (BPF) using a single quad‐mode metal‐loaded dielectric resonator (DR). The differential dual‐band BPF is designed in a single‐cavity configuration with one quad‐mode DR and four feeding probes, featuring compact size. The rectangular DR is directly mounted on the bottom of the metal cavity and covered by a metal plate on the top surface. It allows two pairs of orthogonal modes (LSE₁₀ and LSM₁₀), which can be differentially excited and coupled by introducing proper perturbation for constructing dual‐band differential‐mode frequency response. To validate the proposed idea, a compact differential BPF with good performance using a quad‐mode DR cavity is designed, fabricated, and measured. The simulated and measured results with good agreement are presented.     

Improved bi-dimensional EMD and Hilbert spectrum for the analysis of textures

An improved bi-dimensional empirical mode decomposition (IBEMD) is proposed. Structure of image extremas represents the important feature of images, and is useful for the information extraction and analysis. The image extrema are classified into the five different sets, which are called as the structural extrema. The structural extrema are used instead of the classical extrema, and the BEMD (bi-dimensional empirical mode decomposition) algorithms based on the structural extrema are more accurate through interpolating the up and down envelopes. Specially, the IBEMD has the least NMSE (normalised mean square error) and the biggest SNR (signal-to-noise ratio) for the mode decomposition, and greatly improves the robustness of the BEMD. Moreover, quaternion Hilbert transform based space-spatial-frequency tool is improved, and applied to the texture analysis. The experiments of texture analysis show that the new approach is efficient for the application in texture analysis.     

提高宽带固定无线接入系统吞吐量的技术研究

本文从现有的一些提高宽带无线接入系统性能的技术出发，分析了它们克服无线通信缺陷的一些解决思路，总结出要提高宽带无线接入系统性能的关键在于提高现有带宽的利用率和增加系统对无线信道误帧的容忍性。然后，有针对性地提出了采用上行带宽集中动态分配策略以提高带宽利用率，采用MRARQ机制和多速率重传策略以降低系统对SNR的要求的解决方案，从而提高系统容量。     

A local normalized method to eliminate riding waves appearing in the empirical AM/FM decomposition

The intrinsic mode function (IMF) generated by empirical mode decomposition (EMD) is usually seen as an amplitude and frequency modulation (AM–FM) signal. To obtain the FM part of an IMF, an empirical AM/FM decomposition method has been proposed by Huang and his coworkers. However, riding waves may appear in the empirical decomposition, which makes the instantaneous frequency (IF) physically meaningless. To eliminate the riding waves, riding wave turnover-empirical AM/FM decomposition method has recently been developed by Yang et al. In this paper, a local normalized method is proposed to eliminate the riding waves. Different from the previous method by Yang et al., the proposed method does not need any more empirical AM/FM decomposition and is carried out locally, which can significantly reduce computational complexity.     

Nonlinear observer based control for travelling wave nuclear reactors based on the Lyapunov approach during load following operation

Power control of the nuclear reactor is one of the most important subjects in each nuclear power plant. In this paper, a nonlinear controller using sliding mode method which is a robust nonlinear controller is designed to control a Traveling Wave Nuclear Reactor (TWR) power. The reactor core is simulated based on the point kinetics equations and six delayed neutron groups. Considering the limitations of the delayed neutron precursors densities measurement, a sliding mode observer is designed to estimate their values and finally a sliding mode control based on the sliding mode observer is presented to control the reactor core power. The stability analysis is given by means Lyapunov approach, thus the control system is guaranteed to be stable within a large range. Sliding Mode Control (SMC) is one of the robust and nonlinear methods which have several advantages such as robustness against matched external disturbances and parameter uncertainties. Since it has systematic design procedure, it is one of the most powerful solutions to design many practical control systems. The designed control system is evaluated in the presence of disturbances and uncertainties. The results show the robustness and performance of the used control system.     

Directional EMD and its application to texture segmentation

Image processing has been a subject with systematic theory and extensive applica-tions including video processing, medical image processing, remote sensing image processing and the techniques attracting attention recently such as biometrics and visual surveillance, etc. Since multi-scale is one of the main features of natural images, there have been a series of methods for representing the quality of images such as multi-scale technique based on diffusion equation[1], that based on morphologica…