MEMS陀螺仪驱动谐振频率的温度补偿方法

微机电系统(MEMS)陀螺的模态谐振频率和品质因子具有较强的温度敏感性,使得MEMS陀螺的输出零偏随温度漂移。为了解决零偏随温度漂移问题,提出了一种基于MEMS微机械陀螺的驱动谐振频率做温度基准的零偏温度补偿方法。温度在-40～60℃范围内变化,经多次循环测量陀螺零偏,获得零偏与温度之间的变化关系,并在此基础上,对零偏进行建模分析。利用谐振频率与温度的线性关系,以驱动谐振频率为温度参考,对陀螺零偏进行实时温度补偿。实验结果表明:上电零偏稳定性由补偿前的143. 81°/h变为补偿后的26. 51°/h,降低了5. 42倍;温度在-40～60℃范围内变化,补偿前后的零偏稳定性分别为1368. 05°/h和62. 86°/h,降低了22倍。     

结合零点配置与分子动优化设计IIR多频陷波器

数字无限脉冲响应陷波滤波器的作用是抑制或滤除数字信号中一些特定的频率分量。在基本的二阶陷波滤波器的基础上,通过增加零极点对,设计一种新的单频陷波滤波器,设置两个极点和新增加零点的极角等于原零点的极角,新增加极点的极径等于原极点极径,以此来弥补其过渡带;调整新增加零点的极径,增大过渡带增益,使其具有更窄的过渡带,陷波效果更好。提出一种数字多频陷波器的设计方法,通过级联改进的单频陷波器,用分子动理论优化算法优化新增加零点的极径,实现具有稳定特性的陷波系统并且加快计算速度。经过一系列仿真实验,验证了所提方法的鲁棒性和实用性。     

光电平台中微型挠性陀螺组件的改进与实现

针对一般工程设计中只考虑挠性陀螺的进动性而未考虑陀螺的章动的问题,从理论上计算了陀螺章动频率,并实测了某微型挠性陀螺输出特性数据。针对输出特性中3种高频成分和低频包络,采用了二级陷波电路以及力矩器组件两种改进措施,并进行了分析与验证。试验结果表明,改进后陀螺章动频率和40 Hz包络很快收敛,且使挠性陀螺角位置输出噪声衰减达15 dB以上。最后将陀螺应用到某战车光电稳定平台中,平台与载体的隔离度由原来的1～2 mil提高到0.3 mil,达到了改进的目的。     

MEMS微机械陀螺温度特性分析与建模

针对MEMS微机械陀螺的零偏随温度变化波动较大的特性,通过建立MEMS陀螺零偏随温度变化之间的误差模型,在温度范围为-20℃~60℃温箱试验下,分析MEMS陀螺的零偏输出变化,经去除野值后使用建立的误差模型对零偏进行补偿,结果表明,MEMS陀螺仪因温度引起的零偏从最大约为160°/h,经补偿后降至约为10°/h。该温度误差模型使MEMS陀螺的全温区零偏特性得到了一定程度的提升,为提高之后的导航精度打下基础,具有一定的工程价值。     

基于GUIDE的陷波器设计

在并网型风力发电机组的控制系统设计中,需面对3P和6P频率对机组的影响。陷波器就成了数据处理的重要方法。采用对应频率的零点和极点配置算法,可以得到陷波器的传递函数,并在GUIDE环境中开发了陷波器的设计与分析界面。只需在此界面中输入陷波器的参数,不仅可以就得到相应的幅频和相频特性曲线,还可以显示Simulink仿真的结果。实现了从设计到仿真验证的整个过程,方便了风力发电机控制系统中陷波器的设计与开发。     

谐振式光纤陀螺偏振波动噪声的温度特性

光纤环形谐振腔环境温度变化带来的偏振波动噪声是影响谐振式光纤陀螺检测精度的主要光学噪声源之一,通过控制谐振腔温度,可以使偏振波动噪声得到有效抑制.为了抑制偏振波动噪声,减小R-FOG精度受FRR温度变化的影响,从理论上分析了谐振腔温度变化对谐振曲线、解调曲线的影响;针对不同温度下光纤环的谐振特性、解调曲线特性、陀螺零偏及零偏稳定性开展了实验,并对实验结果进行了分析.结果表明,谐振腔的工作温度为27.00℃时,两本征偏振态相距最远,总谐振曲线关于谐振频率点对称,谐振频率点检测误差可以忽略;陀螺零偏稳定性近似等于谐振腔温度为25.50℃时的1/100,在150 s的采样时间内达到0.07°/s,陀螺检测精度得到很大提高.     

光纤陀螺温度漂移误差的模糊补偿方案研究

针对光纤陀螺启动过程中的温度漂移问题,研究了一种模糊模型补偿方案.依据Shupe非互易性理论和Mohr加热模型试验的结论,以光纤环内侧温度和温度变化率为输入,以陀螺漂移为输出建立了二输入一输出模糊模型.通过全温范围(-25 ℃~45 ℃)内的恒温静态试验数据辨识出模糊规则库,进而实行模糊推理可实现光纤陀螺温度漂移的在线自动补偿.室温验证试验表明,陀螺的零偏稳定性由补偿前的0.037°/h 减小为0.017°/h,与标称指标相当,陀螺启动时间由补偿前的30 min减少为2 min.     

非平面腔四频差动激光陀螺的温度补偿

为了减小温度对非平面腔四频差动激光陀螺的影响,对不同变温条件下的补偿模型进行了研究.首先进行了静态温度实验,补偿后零偏的标准差为0.01(°)/h.然后进行了1℃/min高低温循环、1℃/min-5℃/min随机变温和急剧升降温三种条件下的动态变温实验,分别建立了三个温度补偿模型A、B、C.前两种变温条件下的零漂能够得到较好的补偿,但急剧升降温时尽管陀螺体实际温度变化不大,补偿效果却最差.在上述三个补偿模型中,温度变化率所起作用从A-C越来越大,表明变温速度越快,陀螺体温度不平衡越大,增大了补偿难度.因此,为了增强补偿效果,除了减小陀螺本体的温度敏感性外,还要尽量减小变温过程中陀螺体上的温度梯度.     

MEMS谐振陀螺实时自动模态匹配控制技术

为了消除温度对陀螺模态匹配的影响,提出了一种实现微机械谐振陀螺在温度-30～60℃内实时自动模态匹配控制方法。驱动模态和检测模态的谐振频率跟温度成线性关系,两轴的谐振频差与温度也成线性关系,该方法以驱动模态谐振频率作为温度参考而获得两模态谐振频差,根据谐振频差实时调节静电调谐电压,使得检测模态谐振频率与驱动模态谐振频率匹配。实验结果表明:检测谐振频率和驱动谐振频率在温度-30～60℃范围内,匹配误差不超过0. 3 Hz,验证了该方法的可行性、匹配精度,同时证明本文所采用的开环控制方案的有效性。     

基于驱动频率的硅微陀螺零偏补偿方法研究

针对硅微陀螺的零偏受环境温度影响比较敏感的问题,研究了一种新的温度补偿方案。通过研究驱动频率的温度特性,发现驱动频率与温度之间存在很好的线性关系,经过适当的标定,驱动频率可以作为内置温度传感器取代传统的温度传感器,解决了传统传感器温度不准确和测量滞后的问题。建立了驱动频率与零偏的模型,对硅微陀螺的零偏进行了温度补偿验证。验证试验表明,在-40℃～60℃全温区范围内,零偏温度灵敏度由0.053°/(s.℃)提高到0.00244°/(s.℃),有效地改善了全温区的零偏温度系数。     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.     

Call for Papers The 6^th International Conference on Grid and Cooperative Computing

Recent years have seen rapid advances in various grid-related technologies, middleware, and applications. The GCC conference has become one of the largest scientific events worldwide in grid and cooperative computing. The 6th international conference on grid and cooperative computing (GCC2007) Sponsored by China Computer Federation (CCF),Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICT) and Xinjiang University ,and in Cooperation with IEEE Computer Soceity ,is to be held from August 16 to 18, 2007 in Urumchi, Xinjiang, China.     

The Distributed Time-Triggered Simulation Scheme: Core Principles and Supporting Execution Engine

Distributed real-time simulation is a young technology field but its practice is under increasing demands. In recent years the author and his collaborators have been establishing a new approach called the distributed time-triggered simulation (DTS) scheme which is conceptually simple and easy to use but widely applicable. The concept was initiated in the course of developing a new-generation object-oriented real-time programming scheme called the time-triggered message-triggered object (TMO) programming scheme. Some fundamental issues inherent in distributed real-time simulation that were learned during recent experimental studies are discussed along with some approaches for resolving the issues. An execution engine developed to support both the TMOs engaged in control computation and the TMOs engaged in DTS is also discussed along with its possible extensions that will enable significantly larger-scale DTSs.     

Software-Konfigurationsmanagement in großen Softwareprojekten

Zusammenfassung Mit zunehmender Größe der Softwaresysteme verschärfen sich die für die Software-Herstellung typischen Probleme: Beherrschen großer Objektmengen, Erhalten der Systemkonsistenz, Kontrolle der ständigen Änderungseinflüsse und Gewährleisten einer langen Lebensdauer. Die Disziplin Konfigurationsmanagement bildet den methodischen Ansatz, diese Probleme besser zu beherrschen. Software-Konfigurationsmanagement faßt die Herstellung von Softwaresystemen als eine Abfolge von kontrollierten Änderungen an gesicherten Zwischen- und Endergebnissen auf. Dargestellt werden die Objekte und Funktionen des Software-Konfigurationsmanagements sowie die hierfür in großen Software-Projekten benötigten Methoden, Instanzen und Hilfsmittel.     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and     

Editorial:Brain-machine interface(BMI) and cyborg intelligence

正Brain-machine interfaces(BMIs)aim at building a direct communication pathway between the brain and an external device,and represent an area of research where significant progress has been made during the past decade.Based on BMIs,mind information can be read out by neural signals to control     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate     

SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 57(2014)

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