基于交互信息的两阶段特征选择算法

针对传统特征选择中只考虑了特征的相关性和冗余性而忽略了特征间交互作用的问题，提出一种基于交互信息的两阶段特征选择算法(SAMBFC)。通过对称不确定性和强近似马尔可夫毯原理进行无关特征和冗余特征的筛选；利用特征间交互增益和基于相关性特征选择算法构建一种特征间互补性评价方法，选取具有交互作用的冗余特征。在9个不同维度的标准数据集上与8种典型算法进行对比实验和分析，其结果表明，SAMBFC算法所选特征的分类性能以及综合表现明显优于其它算法。     

知识增益: 文本分类中一种新的特征选择方法

特征选择在文本分类中起重要的作用。文档频率(DF)、信息增益(IG)和互信息(MI)等特征选择方法在文本分类中广泛应用。已有的实验结果表明,IG是最有效的特征选择算法之一,该方法基于申农提出的信息论。本文基于粗糙集理论,提出了一种新的特征选择方法(KG算法),该方法依据粗糙集理论关于知识的观点,即知识是分类事物的能力,将知识进行量化,提出知识增益的概念,得到基于知识增益的特征选择方法。在两个通用的语料集OHSUMED和NewsGroup上进行分类实验发现KG算法均超过IG的性能,特别是在特征空间的维数降到低维时尤其明显,可见KG算法有较好的性能;     

基于边缘特征的图像检索

颜色、纹理和形状等特征已经在基于内容的图像检索(content-based image retrieval，CBIR)中得到广泛的采用，但边缘特征却没有得到应有的关注。在已有算法的基础上，文中提出了一种综合利用边缘幅度直方图和边缘角度直方图进行图像检索的新算法。实验结果证明，该算法能够有效地提高算法的检索精度。     

一种基于谱理论的并行特征选择算法

基于谱理论的特征选择算法FSST优先选择最具有局部信息保持能力和全局区分能力的特征.在实验分析该算法的基础上,采用分治策略对该算法最耗时的部分(规范化数据,构造Laplacian图和计算特征得分)进行并行化,从而提出一种基于谱理论的并行特征选择算法PFSST(Parallel Feature Selection with Spectral Theory),在多核系统上的实验证明了PFSST的并行有效性.     

基于双模糊信息的特征选择算法

在对传统特征选择算法进行研究的基础上,提出了一种基于双模糊信息的特征选择算法(feature selection algorithm based on doubly fuzziness information,FSA-DFI)。第一种模糊体现在对最小学习机(least learning machine,LLM)进行模糊化后得到模糊最小学习机(fuzzy least learning machine,FUZZYLLM)中;另一种模糊则是在基于贡献率模糊补充这一方法中体现的,其中贡献率高的特征才可能被选入最终的特征子集。算法FSA-DFI是将FUZZY-LLM和基于贡献率的模糊补充方法结合得到的。实验表明,和其他算法相比,所提特征选择算法FSA-DFI能得到更好的分类准确率、更好的降维效果以及更快的学习速度。     

一种基于可疑人脸区域发现的人脸检测方法

本文提出了一种基于可疑人脸区域发现的人脸检测算法，利用通常情况下眼睛区域比周围区域暗的事实发现可疑人脸区域，然后使用到特征空间的距离(DFFS)方法验证人脸。实验表明本算法具有较高的检测精确度。文中重点介绍了该人脸检测算法，给出了实验结果。     

PCA-LDA算法在性别鉴别中的应用

结合主元分析(Principal Components Analysis, PCA)与线性鉴别分析(Linear Discriminant Analysis, LDA)的特点，提出用于性别鉴别的PCA-LDA算法。该算法通过PCA算法求得训练样本的特征子空间，并在此基础上计算LDA算法的特征子空间。将PCA算法与LDA算法的特征子空间进行融合，获得PCA-LDA算法的融合特征空间。训练样本与测试样本分别朝融合特征空间投影，从而得到识别特征。利用最近邻准则即可完成性别鉴别。基于ORL(Olivetti Research Laboratory)人脸数据库的实验结果表明，PCA-LDA算法比PCA算法识别性能好，在性别鉴别中是一种有效的方法。     

基于分维搜索和环状描述符的SIFT改进算法

针对SIFT算法在极值点搜索和特征计算方面的低效,提出一种基于分维搜索和环状描述符的SIFT匹配算法(SC-SIFT)。该算法将SIFT算法中的三维极值点搜索策略分解(separate)为两个维度上的逐维搜索,同时引入了一种新的环状(cricoid)特征描述算子来代替原来高维低效的特征。实验证明,该方法不仅能够提高SIFT算法的执行效率,而且提高匹配正确率,实现了对SIFT算法的优化。     

基于判别式分析和神经网络的特征选择方法

为了获得重要的特征集合，提出了一种基于判别式分析算法和神经网络的特征选择方法。通过最小化扩展互熵误差函数来训练神经网络，这一误差函数的使用减小了神经网络传输函数的导数，降低了输出敏感度。该方法首先利用判别式分析算法得到一个有序的特征队列，然后通过正则化神经网络进行特征的选择，特征选择过程是基于单个特征的移除带来验证数据集上分类误差变化这一原理。与其他基于不同原理的四种方法进行了比较，实验结果表明，利用该算法训练的网络能够获得较高分类准确率。     

一种新的基于MSC和ISOMAP的快速流形学习算法

针对等距特征映射(ISOMAP)算法计算复杂度高的问题,提出了一种新的基于最小子集覆盖(MSC)策略的快速等距特征映射算法(Fast-ISOMAP)。与原始的ISOMAP算法相比,Fast-ISOMAP算法在不显著改变原始ISOMAP算法嵌入性能的条件下,大大提高了算法的计算效率,也适用于大规模流形学习问题。在标准数据集上的实验结果验证了该算法的有效性。     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.     

The Distributed Time-Triggered Simulation Scheme: Core Principles and Supporting Execution Engine

Distributed real-time simulation is a young technology field but its practice is under increasing demands. In recent years the author and his collaborators have been establishing a new approach called the distributed time-triggered simulation (DTS) scheme which is conceptually simple and easy to use but widely applicable. The concept was initiated in the course of developing a new-generation object-oriented real-time programming scheme called the time-triggered message-triggered object (TMO) programming scheme. Some fundamental issues inherent in distributed real-time simulation that were learned during recent experimental studies are discussed along with some approaches for resolving the issues. An execution engine developed to support both the TMOs engaged in control computation and the TMOs engaged in DTS is also discussed along with its possible extensions that will enable significantly larger-scale DTSs.     

Software-Konfigurationsmanagement in großen Softwareprojekten

Zusammenfassung Mit zunehmender Größe der Softwaresysteme verschärfen sich die für die Software-Herstellung typischen Probleme: Beherrschen großer Objektmengen, Erhalten der Systemkonsistenz, Kontrolle der ständigen Änderungseinflüsse und Gewährleisten einer langen Lebensdauer. Die Disziplin Konfigurationsmanagement bildet den methodischen Ansatz, diese Probleme besser zu beherrschen. Software-Konfigurationsmanagement faßt die Herstellung von Softwaresystemen als eine Abfolge von kontrollierten Änderungen an gesicherten Zwischen- und Endergebnissen auf. Dargestellt werden die Objekte und Funktionen des Software-Konfigurationsmanagements sowie die hierfür in großen Software-Projekten benötigten Methoden, Instanzen und Hilfsmittel.     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and     

Editorial:Brain-machine interface(BMI) and cyborg intelligence

正Brain-machine interfaces(BMIs)aim at building a direct communication pathway between the brain and an external device,and represent an area of research where significant progress has been made during the past decade.Based on BMIs,mind information can be read out by neural signals to control     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate     

SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 57(2014)

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Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate