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一种时间序列快速分段及符号化方法 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
作为一类重要的复杂类型数据,时间序列已成为数据挖掘领域的热点研究对象之一.针对时间序列的挖掘通常首先需要将时间序列分段并转变为种类有限的符号序列,以利于进一步进行时间序列模式挖掘.针对当前的时间序列分段方法复杂度较大,效率不高等问题,本文提出了一种简单高效的基于拐点检测的时间序列分段方法,并且采用动态时间弯曲度量计算不等长子序列的相异度,最后运用层次化聚类算法实现子序列的分类及符号化.实验表明,本文所提出的方法切实可行,实验结果具有较为明显的物理意义. 相似文献
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提出了一种通过符号化方法对授时系统时间偏差进行预测的方法。该方法利用矢量拟合来表达时间序列的走势形态,采用聚类算法对形态进行聚类,然后根据聚类结果得到符号序列,并用不完全抽取方法来抽取序列模式。预测时,可根据学习得到的模式集来对新序列做出预测分析。通过对授时系统误差数据的实验表明,该方法可以对时间偏差进行较好预测,并可对预测的数值进行校准,从而进一步提高授时精度。 相似文献
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学习自动机(Learning automation,LA)是一种自适应决策器。其通过与一个随机环境不断交互学习从一个允许的动作集里选择最优的动作。在大多数传统的LA模型中,动作集总是被取作有限的。因此,对于连续参数学习问题,需要将动作空间离散化,并且学习的精度取决于离散化的粒度。本文提出一种新的连续动作集学习自动机(Continuous action set learning automaton,CALA),其动作集为一个可变区间,同时按照均匀分布方式选择输出动作。学习算法利用来自环境的二值反馈信号对动作区间的端点进行自适应更新。通过一个多模态学习问题的仿真实验,演示了新算法相对于3种现有CALA算法的优越性。 相似文献
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通过对秃头悖论的讨论分析,对传统自动机模式是否适用于模糊自动机进行分析论证,指出传统自动机模型的缺陷在于没有模糊性,不能处理模糊的事物,并对模糊自动机的旧模型提出质疑,因为旧模型固定的隶属度无法表达模糊事物的变化过程,最后从量变和质变角度提出一种模糊自动机的新模型。 相似文献
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为了实现对时间自动机模型的测试,采用符号状态拆分算法对时间自动机的状态空间进行等价划分,以得到最简稳定符号状态转移图,并将其中的抽象时间延迟转移替换为时间延迟变量;针对系统中每个时间自动机建立各自的符号状态转移图,再采用基于符号迁移系统的测试方法分别生成相应的转移动作序列;最后通过对这些序列进行组合产生系统的测试用例,为了执行测试用例,利用TTCN-3的多PTC并发执行能力来实施测试. 相似文献
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Real-time software, often used to control event-driven process control systems, is usually structured as a set of concurrent and interacting tasks. Therefore, output values of real-time software depend not only on the input values but also on internal and nondeterministic execution patterns caused by task synchronization. In order to test real-time software effectively, one must generate test cases which include information on both the event sequences and the times at which various events occur. However, previous research on real-time software testing focused on generating the latter information. Our paper describes a method of generating test sequences from a Modechart specification using symbolic execution technique. Based on the notion of symbolic system configurations and the equivalence definitions between them, we demonstrate, using the railroad crossing system, how to construct a time-annotated symbolic execution tree and generate test sequences according to the selected coverage criteria. 相似文献
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Andreas Spillner 《Software Testing, Verification and Reliability》1992,2(2):83-98
The testing of modular software systems can be divided into a module testing phase and an integration testing phase. While module testing checks the modules separately, integration testing examines the use of interfaces in a modular system. Integration testing allows errors to be found which cannot be found by module testing. The aim of this paper is to propose a new approach to integration testing. The main principle is to transfer and adapt module testing methods to the level of integration testing. The approach is described for control flow and data flow oriented testing methods. To decrease the testing effort and increase the probability of finding errors, integration testing can be limited to statically detectable anomalous applications of interfaces. This is accomplished by the combination of static analysis with dynamic execution and by the possibility of using information already provided by the module tests. To find further test data to execute interfaces, symbolic execution is applied. One great advantage here is to prove whether statically determined interface anomalies can be dynamically executed and can therefore occur at all. 相似文献
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基于分支混淆算法的符号执行技术 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
符号执行是静态分析中的一项常用技术,数组元素混淆问题是限制符号执行本身性能的关键因素之一。通过分析数组混淆实质,提出了一种分支混淆算法,利用边混淆边符号执行的策略,可以处理较为复杂的数组问题。该策略使用实时的约束求解,及时地剪除不可达的混淆分支。结合符号执行和约束求解技术,开发了基于分支混淆算法的工具原型ASym。初步实验表明,利用分支混淆算法可以处理具有分支结构的数组混淆问题,避免延迟替换出现的数组语义误差,且在很大程度上缩减了分支数量,提高执行效率。 相似文献
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An empirical investigation into branch coverage for C programs using CUTE and AUSTIN 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Kiran Lakhotia Author Vitae Phil McMinn Author Vitae Author Vitae 《Journal of Systems and Software》2010,83(12):2379-2391
Automated test data generation has remained a topic of considerable interest for several decades because it lies at the heart of attempts to automate the process of Software Testing. This paper reports the results of an empirical study using the dynamic symbolic-execution tool, CUTE, and a search based tool, AUSTIN on five non-trivial open source applications. The aim is to provide practitioners with an assessment of what can be achieved by existing techniques with little or no specialist knowledge and to provide researchers with baseline data against which to measure subsequent work. To achieve this, each tool is applied ‘as is’, with neither additional tuning nor supporting harnesses and with no adjustments applied to the subject programs under test. The mere fact that these tools can be applied ‘out of the box’ in this manner reflects the growing maturity of Automated test data generation. However, as might be expected, the study reveals opportunities for improvement and suggests ways to hybridize these two approaches that have hitherto been developed entirely independently. 相似文献
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Two major problems facing the software maintenance programmer are avoiding the introduction of unexecutable code and coping with the large volume of regression tests that are often required during maintenance. In preparing program changes, staff who carry out maintenance often have to spend time on ascertaining the constraints which govern the variables at the proposed points of insertion of the new code. This effort is required to avoid the introduction of unexecutable code which can so easily happen when maintenance staff are unaware of the prevailing constraints. This often means that many of the paths executed during regression testing are executed more than once in an attempt to overcome the risk of coincidental correctness camouflaging an error. This paper describes how symbolic execution, and in particular the SYM-BOL system, can be used to reduce the likelihood of introducing unexecutable code, to speed up the process of determining the constraints on variables at a given point in a program and to reduce the volume of regression testing. 相似文献
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Software revalidation through retesting during the maintenance phase is essential for establishing confidence in the reliability of the modified programs. In this paper, we present a testing criterion and techniques for revalidating modified programs as well as the conditions to determine the necessity for revalidation of the modified program. By comparing programs and identifying the textual and semantic changes between them, it is shown that the number of test cases to be rerun can be reduced compared to the current revalidation methods. Our method is applicable to programs with different control structures from the original program with a little effort by treating the test case reuse problem as a constraint satisfaction problem. In addition, application of an zero-one integer programming model to select the minimal set of paths to be retested is explored. 相似文献
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Return-to-dl-resolve是一种可突破复杂防护机制的通用漏洞利用技术,目前主要以手工方式实现,研究人员需要深入分析并理解ELF动态链接原理,泄露并解析任意库函数的地址,拼装攻击载荷,效率非常低。文中提出了一种基于符号执行的Return-to-dl-resolve自动化实现方法,该方法为ELF可执行文件提供符号执行环境,对程序崩溃点的符号状态进行约束,通过约束求解器对约束进行求解,实现了Return-to-dl-resolve利用代码自动生成系统R2dlAEG。实验结果表明,R2dlAEG可快速构造利用代码,并能够在NX和ASLR防护机制同时开启的条件下劫持程序的控制流。 相似文献
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Moheb R. Girgis 《Software Testing, Verification and Reliability》1993,3(2):101-112
The utilization is described of a data flow path selection criterion in a symbolic execution system. The system automatically generates a subset of program paths according to a certain control flow criterion. This subset is called the ZOT-subset, since it requires paths that traverse loops zero, one and two times. Experience indicates that traversing this subset of program paths is enough to cover most control flow and data flow components of the program. The problem with the ZOT-subset is that it might contain, for large programs, a large number of paths. The number of paths in this subset can be reduced by concentrating on executable paths that cover vital components of programs such as data flow components. This object is achieved by employing a data flow path selection criterion in the system. The system symbolically executes the paths of the ZOT-subset, and creates a system of branch conditions for each one. The user determines infeasible paths by checking the consistency of each system of conditions. The system selects feasible paths from the ZOT-subset that cover the data flow criterion. Solving the systems of conditions of the selected paths provides the user with test data to fulfil the given data flow criterion. 相似文献