基于改进GA的云计算任务调度算法

云计算通常需要处理大量的计算任务,任务调度策略在决定云计算效率方面起着关键作用。如何合理地分配计算资源,有效地调度任务运行,使所有任务运行完成所需的时间较短、成本较小是个重要的问题。提出一种考虑时间-成本约束的遗传算法(TCGA),通过此算法调度产生的结果不仅能使任务完成所需的时间较短,而且成本较小。通过实验,将TCGA与考虑时间约束的遗传算法(TGA)、考虑成本约束的遗传算法(CGA)进行比较,实验结果表明,该算法是云计算中一种有效的任务调度算法。     

云环境下基于模板遗传算法的任务调度方法

云任务调度是云计算研究的一个热点。云任务调度方法的好坏直接影响云平台的整体性能。提出一种基于模板遗传算法(TBGA)的任务调度方法。首先,根据处理机的运算速度和带宽等条件,计算出每个处理机应分配的任务量模板大小;然后,根据模板大小将任务集合中的任务划分为多个子集合;最后,利用遗传算法将集合中的任务分配到对应的处理机。实验证明通过此方法能得到总任务完成时间较短的调度结果。通过仿真实验将TBGA算法与Min-Min算法和遗传算法(GA)进行比较,实验结果表明,TBGA算法与Min-Min算法相比任务集合完成时间降低了20%左右,与遗传算法相比任务集合完成时间降低了30%左右,是一种有效的任务调度算法。     

基于改进粒子群算法的云计算任务调度算法

如何对任务进行高效合理的调度是云计算需要解决的关键问题之一,针对云计算的编程模型框架,在传统粒子群优化算法（PSO）的基础上,提出了一种具有双适应度的粒子群算法（DFPSO）。通过该算法不但能找到任务总完成时间较短的调度结果,而且此调度结果的任务平均完成时间也较短。仿真分析结果表明,在相同的条件设置下,该算法优于传统的粒子群优化算法,当任务数量增多时,其综合调度性能优点明显。     

云计算环境下基于遗传蚁群算法的任务调度研究

对云计算中任务调度进行了研究,针对云计算的编程模型框架,提出一种融合遗传算法与蚁群算法的混合调度算法。在该求解方法中,遗传算法采用任务-资源的间接编码方式,每条染色体代表一种具体调度方案;选取任务平均完成时间作为适应度函数,再利用遗传算法生成的优化解,初始化蚁群信息素分布。既克服了蚁群算法初期信息素缺乏,导致求解速度慢的问题,又充分利用遗传算法的快速随机全局搜索能力和蚁群算法能模拟资源负载情况的优势。通过仿真实验将该算法和遗传算法进行比较,实验结果表明,该算法是一种云计算环境下有效的任务调度算法。     

云计算环境下利用改进遗传算法结合二次编码的大规模资源调度方法

针对传统遗传算法无法满足多用户下的大规模云计算环境下的资源调度问题,提出利用改进遗传算法结合二次编码的方法解决大规模资源调度。首先,在选择复制阶段,采用基于最小任务完成时间和匹配程度的双适应度函数,对种群以双重标准进行筛选。然后,对算法的交叉变异概率进行了自适应优化,使其自适应能力进一步提高,保证了算法尽快向最优解收敛。同时引入的收敛终止条件保证了算法尽快跳出循环。最后,在CloudSim平台上对改进遗传算法（IGA）进行了分析,实验结果表明,提出的改进遗传算法能够很好地适用于大规模资源调度,且结果优于其他几种较新的对比算法。     

云环境下基于免疫遗传算法的任务调度问题研究

任务调度策略作为云计算系统中的关键性技术,是学术界的研究热点之一。在云计算环境下,以所有任务总的完成时间最短为目标,提出了一种求解该问题的结合遗传算法和人工免疫算法的混合算法。该算法中交叉概率使用自适应调整策略,变异算子使用逆转变异方法,变异操作的结果通过模拟退火算法的Metropolis接受准则来判断接受与否,最后对遗传算法的种群进行免疫接种。免疫遗传算法弥补了遗传算法收敛速度慢的缺陷,保持了种群的多样性,缩短了任务总的完成时间,提高了云计算系统的工作效率。通过在云仿真平台CloudSim模拟实验,结果表明该免疫遗传算法的求解性能优于标准遗传算法和DPSO算法。     

基于自适应惩罚函数的云工作流调度协同进化遗传算法

云计算为大规模科学工作流应用的执行提供了更高效的运行环境。为了解决云环境中科学工作流调度的代价优化问题,提出了一种基于协同进化的工作流调度遗传算法CGAA。该算法将自适应惩罚函数引入严格约束的遗传算法中,通过协同进化的方法,自适应地调整种群个体的交叉与变异概率,以加速算法收敛并防止种群早熟。通过4种科学工作流的仿真实验结果表明,CGAA算法得到的调度方案在满足工作流调度截止时间约束与降低任务执行代价的综合性能方面优于同类型算法。     

云环境下基于DO-GAPSO的任务调度算法

为了找到合理的云计算任务调度方案,仅从单一方面来优化调度策略已不能满足用户需求,但从多个方面优化调度策略又面临着权重分配问题。针对上述问题,从任务完成时间、任务完成成本、服务质量3个方面考虑,提出一种基于遗传与粒子群算法相融合的动态目标任务调度算法,在算法的适应度评价函数建模中引入线性权重动态分配策略。通过CloudSim平台进行云环境仿真实验,并将此算法与经典的双适应遗传算法(DFGA)、离散粒子群优化算法(DPSO)进行比较。实验结果表明,在相同的设置条件下,该算法在执行效率、寻优能力等方面优于其他两个算法,是一种云计算环境下有效的任务调度算法。     

一种基于改进遗传算法的网格资源调度策略

首先对网格资源调度的特点、现有遗传算法的局限性进行了分析,在此基础上对遗传算法进行改进;提出一种基于改进遗传算法的网格资源调度策略（GRSS_IGA）,该算法综合考虑资源任务分配量、任务截止时间、任务等待时间及资源利用率等QoS参数;并用马尔可夫理论证明了算法的正确性;最后通过仿真对改进前后两种算法的性能进行比较,实验结果表明改进后的算法降低了时间消耗,提高了资源利用率。     

云计算环境下虚拟资源自适应调度策略

由于云计算环境下的资源调度与以往网格调度存在巨大差异,提出了一种适应云计算环境的虚拟资源调度方法;首先定义了虚拟资源调度数学模型,然后给出了一种改进的遗传算法,该算法采用经典网格任务调度算法Min-min获取初始最优解,通过海明距离约束产生初始种群,并将调度模型对应的目标函数改进为适应度函数,对交叉算子、变异算子、交叉概率和变异概率等都进行了改进;最后,通过实验证明文中方法能获得全局最早完成时间,与其它方法相比,文中方法所求解的最早完成时间提高了近20%,是一种适合云计算环境的虚拟资源调度方法。     

Energy-aware scheduling algorithm for time-constrained workflow tasks in DVFS-enabled cloud environment

Energy consumption in cloud data centers is increasing as the use of such services increases. It is necessary to propose new methods of decreasing energy consumption. Green cloud computing helps to reduce energy consumption and significantly decreases both operating costs and greenhouse gas emissions. Scheduling the enormous number of user-submitted workflow tasks is an important aspect of cloud computing. Resources in cloud data centers should compute these tasks using energy efficient techniques. This paper proposed a new energy-aware scheduling algorithm for time-constrained workflow tasks using the DVFS method in which the host reduces the operating frequency using different voltage levels. The goal of this research is to reduce energy consumption and SLA violations and improve resource utilization. The simulation results show that the proposed method performs more efficiently when evaluating metrics such as energy utilization, average execution time, average resource utilization and average SLA violation.     

云环境下周期和非周期混合实时任务双容错调度算法

云环境中的处理机故障已成为云计算不可忽视的问题,容错成为设计和发展云计算系统的关键需求。针对一些容错调度算法在任务调度过程中调度效率低下以及任务类型单一的问题,提出一种处理机和任务主副版本分组的容错调度方法;并给出了副版本可重叠执行的判定方法,以及任务最坏响应时间的计算公式。通过实验和分析表明,和以前算法相比,将处理机分成两组分别执行任务主版本和任务副版本,减少了任务调度所需进行可调度测试的时间,增加了副版本重叠执行的机会,减少了所需的处理机个数,对提高系统处理机的利用率和容错调度的效率具有重要的意义。     

LATOC: an enhanced load balancing algorithm based on hybrid AHP-TOPSIS and OPSO algorithms in cloud computing

Providing required level of service quality in cloud computing is one of the most significant cloud computing challenges because of software and hardware complexities, different features of tasks and computing resources and also, lack of appropriate distribution of tasks in cloud computing environments. The recent research in this field show that lack of smart prioritization and ordering of tasks in scheduling (as an NP-hard problem) has been very effective and resulted in lack of load balancing, response time increase, total execution time increase and also, average resource use decrease. In line with this, the proposed method of this research called LATOC considered first the key criteria of an input task like required processing unit, data length of task and execution time. Then, it addressed task prioritization in separate queues using the technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) and analytic hierarchy process (AHP) in figure of a hybrid intelligent algorithm (AHP-TOPSIS). Each ordered task in separate priority queues was placed based on its priority level, and then, to assign each task from each priority queue to virtual machines, optimized particle swarm optimization was used. Many simulations based on various scenarios in Cloudsim simulator show that smart assignment of prioritized tasks by LATOC resulted in improvement of important cloud computing parameters such as total execution time and average resource use comparing similar methods.

     

云计算环境下基于用户满意度的遗传算法

针对云计算平台的新特征, 对原有自适应遗传算法进行改进, 提出了一种基于用户满意度的遗传算法(consumer satisfaction genetic algorithm, CSGA)。该算法在保证用户公平性的前提下, 将任务调度到输入数据所在的计算节点以减少网络传输开销, 并以缩短总任务的完成时间及提高用户满意度为目标优化算法性能。通过仿真实验对比分析CSGA与AGA算法, 实验结果表明该算法在响应时间、公平性和用户满意度方面优于AGA算法, 更加适应云计算环境。     

GSAGA: A hybrid algorithm for task scheduling in cloud infrastructure

Cloud computing is becoming a very popular form of distributed computing, in which digital resources are shared via the Internet. The user is provided with an overview of many available resources. Cloud providers want to get the most out of their resources, and users are inclined to pay less for better performance. Task scheduling is one of the most important aspects of cloud computing. In order to achieve high performance from cloud computing systems, tasks need to be scheduled for processing by appropriate computing resources. The large search space of this issue makes it an NP-hard problem, and more random search methods are required to solve this problem. Multiple solutions have been proposed with several algorithms to solve this problem until now. This paper presents a hybrid algorithm called GSAGA to solve the Task Scheduling Problem (TSP) in cloud computing. Although it has a high ability to search the problem space, the Genetic Algorithm (GA) performs poorly in terms of stability and local search. It is therefore possible to create a stable algorithm by combining the general search capacities of the GA with the Gravitational Search Algorithm (GSA). Our experimental results indicate that the proposed algorithm can solve the problem with higher efficiency compared with the state-of-the-art.

     

A hybrid heuristic queue based algorithm for task assignment in mobile cloud

This paper presents a novel algorithm for task assignment in mobile cloud computing environments in order to reduce offload duration time while balancing the cloudlets’ loads. The algorithm is proposed for a two-level mobile cloud architecture, including public cloud and cloudlets. The algorithm models each cloud and cloudlet as a queue to consider cloudlets’ limited resources and study response time more accurately. Performance factors and resource limitations of cloudlets such as waiting time for clients in cloudlets can be determined using queue models. We propose a hybrid genetic algorithm (GA) - Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) algorithm to minimize mean completion time of offloaded tasks for the whole system. Simulation results confirm that the proposed hybrid heuristic algorithm has significant improvements in terms of decreasing mean completion time, total energy consumption of the mobile devices, number of dropped tasks over Queue based Random, Queue based Round Robin and Queue based weighted Round Robin assignment algorithms. Also, to prove the superiority of our queue based algorithm, it is compared with a dynamic application scheduling algorithm, HACAS, which has not considered queue in cloudlets.