一种基于路网的多源聚合距离Skyline查询算法

基于路网距离的多源Skyline查询在地图服务中广泛使用,但现有的Skyline查询方法对于复杂的路网距离计算效率低下,并且随着查询点数量的增加查询结果集变得过于庞大,无法为用户提供精简有效的查询结果。为了提高查询结果的有效性和查询效率,提出一种基于最小聚合距离的倒排索引Skyline查询算法,该算法对道路网建立QG-tree索引,提高聚合距离的计算效率;同时对兴趣点集建立倒排索引,结合剪枝策略对兴趣点进行检索,减少聚合距离计算和支配判定的开销,有效地提高查询效率。在真实道路网上的实验表明,所提出的算法效率比现有算法DSR和N3S快1~3个数量级,可以有效地处理道路网环境下多源Skyline查询问题。     

基于TPU-tree的Skyline分支定界查询算法(英文)

提出了一种新的限定性skyline查询理念,并给出了高效的处理技术。分支定界方法是当前skyline查询处理效率较高的技术之一,在一种不确定移动对象的索引策略TPU-tree之上,基于分支定界方法提出了B2CPS可限定性skyline查询处理算法。实验结果表明,提出的基于TPU-tree的B2CPS算法可以很大程度地提高限定性skyline查询的效率,在移动对象频繁更新的情况下亦能保持较高的查询性能,因此具有较好的实用价值。     

EAPSC:有效聚类skyline对象集方法

提出SkyCluster的概念,对skyline对象进行基于密度的聚类.另一方面,由于skyline查询和聚类处理均是CPU-敏感的.因此,为了提高获取SkyCluster的效率,提出一种有效聚类skyline对象集的方法EAPSC.EAPSC算法基于文章给出的SLT索引树,并利用SLT索引树的多个有效性质来快速产生所有的SkyCluster聚类.理论分析和实验结果表明,该方法具有有效性和实用性.     

一种使用简化预排序的k-支配Skyline查询算法

近年来,Skyline查询在多目标决策、数据挖掘、数据库可视化等方面得到广泛应用.然而在高维空间环境下,skyline查询因为返回的结果集过大而不能提供有用的信息.因此,学术界提出了七-支配skyline查询的概念.它通过弱化数据点之间的支配关系,使数据点间更容易产生支配关系,从而使结果集的大小保持在一个合适的范围内.现有七-支配skyline查询算法分为建立索引和不建立索引两种类型.其中不建立索引的算法在高维空间,反相关数据和渐近输出等方面表现比较差,而基于索引的算法花费大量时间去建立索引,整体性能都不高.本文提出一种基于简化预排序的七-支配skyline查询算法(SPA),实现用O(n)的时间复杂度对数据进行简化预排序.理论论证和实验数据都显示了SPA算法远比国内外现有的最好算法更加高效.     

道路网中的移动对象连续范围查询

研究了采用网络距离的道路网上移动对象连续多范围查询处理技术。设计了道路网、移动对象和查询数据在内存中存储的数据模型。基于该数据模型提出了两种道路网上的移动对象连续多范围查询处理算法。其中,增量式范围查询算法(incremental range query algorithm,IRQA)通过使用扩张树和影响列表结构减少查询的重新计算;组范围查询算法(group range query algorithm,GRQA)利用同一路径上多查询的结果具有相关性这一特点减少查询的重新计算。实验结果表明GRQA算法在查询分布比较集中时性能较优,IRQA算法在查询均匀分布时性能较优,此外,两种算法均优于重新计算所有查询结果的原始算法。     

基于位置的路网Skyline查询处理研究

基于位置的路网Skyline查询可根据用户的需求及用户所处的位置,从大量数据中快速返回给用户期望的数据,但已有的道路网络技术需要计算大量的路网距离及数据点间支配关系的运算,导致查询效率较低。提出一种基于路网数据点的倒排索引查询算法DSR。通过计算少量数据点的路网距离求得最终结果,减小路网距离计算的代价,从而加快数据点间支配关系的判定,提升查询效率。在此基础上,在数据点更新情况下给出算法的动态维护,仅通过维护少量数据,DSR即可以快速地计算出Skyline集合。实验结果表明,与SSI、BSS等算法相比,该算法具有较高的查询效率,且时间性能明显提升。     

路网中位置不确定的二元反kNN查询

针对路网限制和物体位置的不确定性,提出了路网中位置不确定的二元反kNN查询（PBRkNN）,旨在查找一组位置不确定的点,使得每个不确定点的kNN包含给定查询点的概率大于一个阈值。为了解决该问题,首先提出一种基于Dijkstra进行剪枝处理的基本算法,即PE算法;接着在PE算法的基础上通过预处理计算出每个点的kNN从而加快查询速度,即PPE算法;而为了进一步减小PPE算法中范围查询的开销,提出PPEE算法,利用网格索引来索引范围查询中要查询的不确定空间点,从而提升算法的效率。最后,在北京和加州路网数据集上进行了大量实验,结果表明通过一些预处理的策略确实可以有效地处理路网中位置不确定的二元反kNN查询。     

基于Flink的k-支配skyline体并行求解算法

k-支配skyline算法弱化了数据点之间的支配关系,更适合高维数据。k-支配skyline体适应于多名用户使用k-支配skyline算法查询,而现有的求解算法在时间效率和代码扩展性方面都有待提高。因此,提出了面向多用户的k-支配skyline体求解优化算法MKSSOA,该算法对每名用户的候选集和中间集分别进行存储,同时在k-支配检查过程中利用2集合中数据点出现的先后次序将候选集中的非k-支配skyline点存储到对应用户的中间集中,以便下一名用户筛选使用,这样可以减少数据点之间的比较次数,避免重复计算,从而提升查询效率。同时,提出了面向多用户的k-支配skyline体并行求解算法MKSPSA,通过Apache Flink并行处理框架有效减少了数据点的比较时间。理论研究和实验结果显示,提出的算法具有较高的效率,能很好地处理多用户k-支配skyline问题。     

道路网中基于RRN-Tree的CKNN查询

现有针对基于道路网络的CKNN查询研究,主要是将道路网络以路段和节点的形式进行建模,转化成基于内存的有向/无向图,该模型存在2个问题:一个是道路网络中路段数据量大,导致索引结构分支过多、移动对象更新频繁;另一个是图表示方法不能很好地处理十字路口转向、U型转弯等交通规则。针对此问题,提出道路网中基于RRN-Tree的移动对象CKNN查询算法,包括索引结构设计和移动对象查询算法设计,采用路线对道路网建模,基于网络边扩展方式,实现复杂条件下的道路网络CKNN查询。实验结果表明,在各种网络密度和兴趣点对象分布密度下,与经典的IMA/GMA算法相比,基于RRN-Tree索引方法的查询性能提高1.5倍~2.13倍。     

一种处理Skyline查询的有效方法

skyline查询是近年来数据库领域的一个研究重点和热点.当系统中存在多个不同维空间上的skyline查询时,现有的工作均直接从底层关系表中获取这些skyline查询的结果集.显然,当底层关系表的基数较大且skyline查询的个数较多时,现有方法的处理效率极其低下.基于此,提出一种使用预存储的n个skyline集合{PR1,…,PRn}来回答用户提交的m个不同维空间上的skyline查询{SQ1,…,SQm}的有效方法EAPSQ(efficient algorithm for processing skyline queries).算法充分考虑预存储的skyline集合的编码机制,采用经济学中边际贡献(contribution margin)的概念,使得m个用户提交的skyline查询在n个预存储的skyline集合间的分配达到最佳状态,从而显著提高了处理用户m个skyline查询的效率.实验评估表明,EAPSQ算法具有有效性和实用性.     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.     

The Distributed Time-Triggered Simulation Scheme: Core Principles and Supporting Execution Engine

Distributed real-time simulation is a young technology field but its practice is under increasing demands. In recent years the author and his collaborators have been establishing a new approach called the distributed time-triggered simulation (DTS) scheme which is conceptually simple and easy to use but widely applicable. The concept was initiated in the course of developing a new-generation object-oriented real-time programming scheme called the time-triggered message-triggered object (TMO) programming scheme. Some fundamental issues inherent in distributed real-time simulation that were learned during recent experimental studies are discussed along with some approaches for resolving the issues. An execution engine developed to support both the TMOs engaged in control computation and the TMOs engaged in DTS is also discussed along with its possible extensions that will enable significantly larger-scale DTSs.     

Software-Konfigurationsmanagement in großen Softwareprojekten

Zusammenfassung Mit zunehmender Größe der Softwaresysteme verschärfen sich die für die Software-Herstellung typischen Probleme: Beherrschen großer Objektmengen, Erhalten der Systemkonsistenz, Kontrolle der ständigen Änderungseinflüsse und Gewährleisten einer langen Lebensdauer. Die Disziplin Konfigurationsmanagement bildet den methodischen Ansatz, diese Probleme besser zu beherrschen. Software-Konfigurationsmanagement faßt die Herstellung von Softwaresystemen als eine Abfolge von kontrollierten Änderungen an gesicherten Zwischen- und Endergebnissen auf. Dargestellt werden die Objekte und Funktionen des Software-Konfigurationsmanagements sowie die hierfür in großen Software-Projekten benötigten Methoden, Instanzen und Hilfsmittel.     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and     

Editorial:Brain-machine interface(BMI) and cyborg intelligence

正Brain-machine interfaces(BMIs)aim at building a direct communication pathway between the brain and an external device,and represent an area of research where significant progress has been made during the past decade.Based on BMIs,mind information can be read out by neural signals to control     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate     

SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 57(2014)

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Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate