交叉反向学习和同粒社会学习的粒子群优化算法

针对社会学习粒子群优化（SLPSO）算法存在的优化效率低、收敛速度慢等问题,提出了一种改进的SLPSO算法,即基于交叉反向学习和同粒社会学习的PSO算法（CPPSO）。首先,将最优解随机纵向交叉与一般反向学习以及随机反向学习构建交叉反向学习;然后,以此交叉反向学习策略更新种群中的最优粒子位置,增强探索能力,并克服SLPSO中最优粒子无更新导致效率低下的缺点;最后,对于非最优粒子,与SLPSO采用基于维的社会学习不同,均采用新型基于粒子的社会学习机制,在提高全局搜索能力同时,更提高开采能力和搜索效率。在一组不同维基准函数上优化的实验结果表明,CPPSO的优化性能、搜索效率和普适性大幅度领先于SLPSO和其他先进的PSO改进算法,如交叉搜索PSO （CSPSO）算法、自我调节的PSO （SRPSO）算法、异构综合学习的PSO （HCLPSO）算法和反向学习和局部学习能力的PSO （RLPSO）算法。     

粒子置换的双种群综合学习PSO算法

针对粒子群算法(PSO)种群多样性低和易于陷入局部最优等问题,提出一种粒子置换的双种群综合学习PSO算法(PP-CLPSO)。根据PSO算法的收敛特性和Logistic映射的混沌思想,设计并行进化的PSO种群和混沌化种群,结合粒子编号机制,形成双种群系统中粒子的同号结构和同位结构,其中粒子的惯性权重根据适应度值自适应调节;当搜索过程陷入局部最优时,PSO种群同位结构下适应度值较差的粒子,根据与混沌化种群间的同号结构执行粒子置换操作,实现了双种群系统资源的合理调度,增加了种群的多样性;进而综合双向搜索的同位粒子学习策略和线性递减搜索步长的局部学习策略,进行全局探勘和局部搜索,提高了算法的求解精度。实验选取9个基准测试函数,同时与4个改进的粒子群算法和4个群智能算法进行对比验证,实验结果表明,PP-CLPSO算法在求解精度和收敛速度等方面具备较好的综合性能。     

基于灰狼优化的反向学习粒子群算法

针对粒子群算法（PSO）易早熟收敛、逃离局部最优能力差、精度低等缺点,提出一种基于灰狼优化的反向学习粒子群算法。该算法对最优粒子采用反向学习策略产生反向解,扩大种群的搜索范围,增强了算法的全局搜索能力;对其非最优粒子采用新型社会学习方式,提高其搜索效率和开采性能;同时,针对PSO收敛精度较低的问题,引入灰狼优化算法,并对其收敛因子产生扰动,平衡算法全局和局部搜索性能并提高其精度。在CEC2017测试函数上进行仿真实验,结果表明,在相同的实验条件下,改进后的粒子群算法在收敛精度和收敛速度上有显著提升,且其性能明显优于标准粒子群算法。     

基于Q学习的多任务多目标粒子群优化算法

多任务粒子群优化算法(multi-task particle swarm ptimization, MTPSO)通过知识迁移学习,具有快速收敛能力,广泛应用于求解多任务多目标优化问题.然而, MTPSO难以根据种群进化状态自适应调整优化过程,容易陷入局部最优,收敛性能较差.针对此问题,利用强化学习的自我进化与预测能力,提出一种基于Q学习的多任务多目标粒子群优化算法(QM2PSO).首先,设计粒子群参数动态更新方法,利用Q学习方法在线更新粒子群算法的惯性权重和加速度参数,提高当前粒子收敛到Pareto前沿的能力;其次,提出基于柯西分布的突变搜索策略,通过全局和局部交替搜索多任务最优解,避免算法陷入局部最优;最后,设计基于正向迁移准则的知识迁移方法,采用Q学习方法更新知识迁移率,改善知识负迁移现象.与已有经典算法的对比实验结果表明所提出的QM2PSO算法具有更优越的收敛性.     

一种最优粒子逐维变异的粒子群优化算法

针对粒子群算法(Particle Swarm Optimization,PSO)容易陷入局部最优、收敛速度过慢、精度低等问题,提出一种新的变异策略,对全局最优粒子进行逐维的重心反向学习变异.逐维变异降低了维间干扰,通过更新全局最优位置引领粒子向更好的位置飞行,同时加强了种群的多样性.仿真实验与基于柯西变异的混合粒子群算法(HPSO)及重心反向粒子群优化算法(COPSO)在9个标准测试函数上进行了对比.实验表明逐维重心反向变异算法(DCOPSO)具有较高的收敛速度及精度.     

基于反向学习和精英提升的无速度项动态粒子群算法

针对粒子群优化算法在处理复杂优化问题时搜索精度低、收敛速度慢且易陷入局部最优的问题，提出一种基于反向学习和精英提升的动态多种群无速度项粒子群算法。首先基于无速度项的粒子位置更新模式，动态划分子群并采用不同的进化策略，利用反向学习为子群拓宽搜索范围，保证种群多样性的同时避免粒子过早陷入局部最优。然后为充分利用优秀粒子的信息并提高搜索精度，改进精英提升策略优化个体历史最优粒子，使用差分进化算法对种群最优粒子进行更新。最后通过CEC2006提出的22个测试函数进行性能测试。结果表明，本文提出的算法相比于其他算法在搜索精度和稳定性上拥有更加出色的性能，并能有效提升算法收敛速度。     

应用于矢量量化的改进粒子群优化算法

针对粒子群优化算法(PSO)应用于矢量量化时,最优粒子对与其对应维度距离较大的粒子缺乏有效指导问题,提出适用于矢量量化的改进粒子群优化算法(IPSO_VQ).该算法通过建立粒子与榜样粒子的维度映射关系,以基于映射关系的维度学习代替对应维度学习关系,使粒子相关维度间的学习有一定相关性,增强算法局部搜索能力.同时,借鉴广泛学习粒子群优化(CLPSO)算法中的广泛学习思想,并将其应用于基本PSO中的全局最优位置学习部分,通过对多个粒子的广泛学习,增加种群的多样性.实验结果表明该算法有效避免种群早熟收敛,从而使解码恢复图像获得更高的主客观质量.     

一种改进的新颖的粒子群优化算法

针对PSO在寻优过程容易出现“早熟”现象,提出了一种基于Sobol序列的自适应变异PSO算法（SAPSO）。该算法以积分控制粒子群算法（ICPSO）为基础,使用准随机Sobol序列初始化种群个体,并在算法过程中引入基于多样性反馈的Beta分布自适应变异来保持种群的多样性,避免陷入局部最优。仿真结果表明,SAPSO算法在求解复杂优化问题时优势明显,可以有效地避免算法陷入局部最优,在保证收敛速度的同时增强了算法的全局搜索能力。     

具有反向学习和自适应逃逸功能的粒子群优化算法

为克服粒子群优化算法进化后期收敛速度慢、易陷入局部最优等缺点,提出一种具有反向学习和自适应逃逸功能的粒子群优化算法.通过设定的阈值,算法将种群进化状态划分为正常状态和"早熟"状态: 若算法处于正常的进化状态,采用标准粒子群优化算法的进化模式;当粒子陷入"早熟"状态,运用反向学习和自适应逃逸功能,对个体最优位置进行反向学习,产生粒子的反向解,增加粒子的反向学习能力,增强算法逃离局部最优的能力,提高算法寻优率.在固定评估次数的情况下,对8个基准测试函数进行仿真,实验结果表明:所提算法在收敛速度、寻优精度和逃离局部最优的能力上明显优于多种经典粒子群优化算法,如充分联系的粒子群优化算法(FIPS)、基于时变加速度系数的自组织分层粒子群优化算法(HPSO-TVAC)、综合学习的粒子群优化算法(CLPSO)、自适应粒子群优化算法(APSO)、双中心粒子群优化算法(DCPSO)和具有快速收敛和自适应逃逸功能的粒子群优化算法(FAPSO)等.     

基于动态邻居拓扑结构的PSO算法

粒子群优化(PSO)算法在求解复杂的多峰问题时极易陷入局部最优解,通过分析种群多样性与局部最优解间的关系,提出一种基于动态邻居拓扑结构的粒子群算法。该算法在运行过程中,每间隔若干代,根据粒子间的距离更新每个粒子的邻居,该策略增加种群的多样性,进而提升粒子跳出局部最优解的能力。实验结果表明,该算法比其他PSO算法具有更好的性能。     

Real-time dynamic optimization of batch systems

In this paper a methodology for designing and implementing a real-time optimizing controller for batch processes is proposed. The controller is used to optimize a user-defined cost function subject to a parameterization of the input trajectories, a nominal model of the process and general state and input constraints. An interior point method with penalty function is used to incorporate constraints into a modified cost functional, and a Lyapunov based extremum seeking approach is used to compute the trajectory parameters. The technique is applicable to general nonlinear systems. A precise statement of the numerical implementation of the optimization routine is provided. It is shown how one can take into account the effect of sampling and discretization of the parameter update law in practical situations. A simulation example demonstrates the applicability of the technique.     

Formulation and parameter selection of multi-objective deterministic particle swarm for simulation-based optimization

Global derivative-free deterministic algorithms are particularly suitable for simulation-based optimization, where often the existence of multiple local optima cannot be excluded a priori, the derivatives of the objective functions are not available, and the evaluation of the objectives is computationally expensive, thus a statistical analysis of the optimization outcomes is not practicable. Among these algorithms, particle swarm optimization (PSO) is advantageous for the ease of implementation and the capability of providing good approximate solutions to the optimization problem at a reasonable computational cost. PSO has been introduced for single-objective problems and several extension to multi-objective optimization are available in the literature. The objective of the present work is the systematic assessment and selection of the most promising formulation and setup parameters of multi-objective deterministic particle swarm optimization (MODPSO) for simulation-based problems. A comparative study of six formulations (varying the definition of cognitive and social attractors) and three setting parameters (number of particles, initialization method, and coefficient set) is performed using 66 analytical test problems. The number of objective functions range from two to three and the number of variables from two to eight, as often encountered in simulation-based engineering problems. The desired Pareto fronts are convex, concave, continuous, and discontinuous. A full-factorial combination of formulations and parameters is investigated, leading to more than 60,000 optimization runs, and assessed by three performance metrics. The most promising MODPSO formulation/parameter is identified and applied to the hull-form optimization of a high-speed catamaran in realistic ocean conditions. Its performance is finally compared with four stochastic algorithms, namely three versions of multi-objective PSO and the genetic algorithm NSGA-II.     

Multiobjective optimization of trusses using genetic algorithms

In this paper we propose the use of the genetic algorithm (GA) as a tool to solve multiobjective optimization problems in structures. Using the concept of min–max optimum, a new GA-based multiobjective optimization technique is proposed and two truss design problems are solved using it. The results produced by this new approach are compared to those produced by other mathematical programming techniques and GA-based approaches, proving that this technique generates better trade-offs and that the genetic algorithm can be used as a reliable numerical optimization tool.     

云搜索优化算法

本文将云的生成、动态运动、降雨和再生成等自然现象与智能优化算法的思想融合,建立了一种新的智能优化算法-云搜索优化算法(CSO)。生成与移动的云可以弥漫于整个搜索空间,这使得新算法具有较强的全局搜索能力;收缩与扩张的云团在形态上会有千奇百态的变化,这使得算法具有较强的局部搜索能力;降雨后产生新的云团可以保持云团的多样性,这也是使搜索避免陷入局优的有效手段。实验表明,基于这三点建立的新算法具有优异的性能,benchmark函数最优值的计算结果以及与已有智能优化算法的比较展现了新算法精确的、稳定的全局求解能力。     

An integrated approach to topology,sizing, and shape optimization

Topology optimization has become very popular in industrial applications, and most FEM codes have implemented certain capabilities of topology optimization. However, most codes do not allow simultaneous treatment of sizing and shape optimization during the topology optimization phase. This poses a limitation on the design space and therefore prevents finding possible better designs since the interaction of sizing and shape variables with topology modification is excluded. In this paper, an integrated approach is developed to provide the user with the freedom of combining sizing, shape, and topology optimization in a single process.     

多元插值全局优化算法及其应用

本文介绍一种多元插值逼近和动态搜索轨迹相结合的全局优化算法.该算法大大减少了目标函数计算次数,寻优收敛速度快,算法稳定,且可获得全局极小,有效地解决了大规模非线性复杂动态系统的参数优化问题.一个具有8个控制参数的电力系统优化控制问题,采用该算法仅访问目标函数78次,便可求得最优控制器参数。     

Effects of dominant wolves in grey wolf optimization algorithm

Bio-inspired computation is one of the emerging soft computing techniques of the past decade. Although they do not guarantee optimality, the underlying reasons that make such algorithms become popular are indeed simplicity in implementation and being open to various improvements. Grey Wolf Optimizer (GWO), which derives inspiration from the hierarchical order and hunting behaviours of grey wolves in nature, is one of the new generation bio-inspired metaheuristics. GWO is first introduced to solve global optimization and mechanical design problems. Next, it has been applied to a variety of problems. As reported in numerous publications, GWO is shown to be a promising algorithm, however, the effects of characteristic mechanisms of GWO on solution quality has not been sufficiently discussed in the related literature. Accordingly, the present study analyses the effects of dominant wolves, which clearly have crucial effects on search capability of GWO and introduces new extensions, which are based on the variations of dominant wolves. In the first extension, three dominant wolves in GWO are evaluated first. Thus, an implicit local search without an additional computational cost is conducted at the beginning of each iteration. Only after repositioning of wolf council of higher-ranks, the rest of the pack is allowed to reposition. Secondarily, dominant wolves are exposed to learning curves so that the hierarchy amongst the leading wolves is established throughout generations. In the final modification, the procedures of the previous extensions are adopted simultaneously. The performances of all developed algorithms are tested on both constrained and unconstrained optimization problems including combinatorial problems such as uncapacitated facility location problem and 0-1 knapsack problem, which have numerous possible real-life applications. The proposed modifications are compared to the standard GWO, some other metaheuristic algorithms taken from the literature and Particle Swarm Optimization, which can be considered as a fundamental algorithm commonly employed in comparative studies. Finally, proposed algorithms are implemented on real-life cases of which the data are taken from the related publications. Statistically verified results point out significant improvements achieved by proposed modifications. In this regard, the results of the present study demonstrate that the dominant wolves have crucial effects on the performance of GWO.     

粒子群算法在组合优化问题上的研究与发展

粒子群优化算法是一种新兴的基于群智能搜索的优化技术。该算法简单、易实现、参数少,具有较强的全局优化能力,可有效应用于科学与工程实践中。介绍了算法的基本原理和算法在组合优化上一些改进方法的主要应用形式。最后,对粒子群算法作了一些深入分析并在此基础上对粒子群算法应用于组合优化问题做了一些总结。     

Value Creation in a Network: The Role of Pricing and Revenue Optimization and Enterprise Profit OptimizationTM

The Internet has created a virtual upheaval in the structural features of the supply and demand chains for most businesses. New agents and marketplaces have surfaced. The potential to create value and enhance profitable opportunities has attracted both buyers and sellers to the Internet. Yet, the Internet has proven to be more complex than originally thought. With information comes complexity: the more the information in real time, the greater the difficulty in interpretation and absorption. How can the value-creating potential of the Internet still be realized, its complexity notwithstanding? This paper argues that with the emergence of innovative tools, the expectations of the Internet as a medium for enhanced profit opportunities can still be realized. Creating value on a continuing basis is central to sustaining profitable opportunities. This paper provides an overview of the value creation process in electronic networks, the emergence of the Internet as a viable business communication and collaboration medium, the proclamation by many that the future of the Internet resides in “embedded intelligence”, and the perspectives of pragmatists who point out the other facet of the Internet—its complexity. The paper then reviews some recent new tools that have emerged to address this complexity. In particular, the promise of Pricing and Revenue Optimization (PRO) and Enterprise Profit Optimization^TM (EPO) tools is discussed. The paper suggests that as buyers and sellers adopt EPO, the market will see the emergence of a truly intelligent network—a virtual network—of private and semi-public profitable communities.     

A New Subdivision Algorithm for the Bernstein Polynomial Approach to Global Optimization

In this paper,an improved algorithm is proposed for unconstrained global optimization to tackle non-convex nonlinear multivariate polynomial programming problems.The proposed algorithm is based on the Bernstein polynomial approach.Novel features of the proposed algorithm are that it uses a new rule for the selection of the subdivision point,modified rules for the selection of the subdivision direction,and a new acceleration device to avoid some unnecessary subdivisions.The performance of the proposed algorithm is numerically tested on a collection of 16 test problems.The results of the tests show the proposed algorithm to be superior to the existing Bernstein algorithm in terms of the chosen performance metrics.