Rules and Tools for Software Evolution Planning and Management

When first formulated in the early seventies, the laws of software evolution were, for a number of reasons, not widely accepted as relevant to software engineering practice. Over the years, however, they have gradually become recognised as providing useful inputs to understanding of the software process. Now eight in number, they have been supplemented by the software uncertainty principle and the FEAST (Feedback, Evolution And Software Technology) hypothesis. Based on all these and on the further results of the FEAST research projects this paper develops and presents some fifty rules for application in software system process planning and management and indicates tools available or that could usefully be developed to support their application. The listing is structured according to the laws that encapsulate the observed phenomena and that lead to the recommendations. Each sublist is preceded by a textual discussion providing at least some of the reasoning that has led to the recommended procedures. The references direct the interested reader to the literature that records observed behaviours, interpretations, models and metrics obtained from industrially evolved systems, and from which the recommendations were derived.     

基于构件运算的软件演化研究

当前对软件构件的描述均采用图形加文本的方式或形式化描述语言,这些描述对构件的动态行为、互操作和演化特征方面的描述明显不足,无法系统科学地描述软件演化。针对该问题,文章引入用代数理论对构件的属性和行为特征进行抽象而提出的构件调用运算、协作运算和条件运算的新方法。对软件系统进行抽象化,把软件系统的演化归结为构件表达式的变化,利用代数理论对软件演化中构件的增加、删除、相互关系的修改进行系统研究,并给出将演化后的结果用图形方式表示的方法。     

基于反馈的软件演化过程模型*

对软件演化及过程的特征进行了描述,提出软件演化过程的具体活动;分析了软件演化过程中的反馈机制,提出了基于扩展双变迁Petri网和反馈循环的软件演化过程模型.     

软件演化过程的资源优化配置*

在支持标准化的可配置、可重用且支持软件演化过程建模方法--第二代SDDM建模方法基础上,提出了软件演化过程性能分析与资源优化的方法,有效地支持了软件演化过程的改进.     

Automating Support for Software Evolution in UML

Disciplined support for evolution of software artifacts is important in all phases of the software life-cycle. In order to achieve this support, a uniform underlying foundation for software evolution is necessary. While, in the past, reuse contracts have been proposed as such a formalism in a number of different domains, this paper generalises the formalism, and integrates it into the UML metamodel. As such, support for evolution becomes readily available for many kinds of UML models, ranging from requirements to the implementation phase.     

一种软件演化过程模型的代数语义

随着大量的软件演化过程模型被软件演化过程元模型建模产生,如何验证过程模型的正确性,是摆在人们面前的一个重要任务.针对软件演化过程元模型,引入进程代数ACP(algebra of communicating processes)对其扩展,提出软件演化过程元模型代数,使用进程项指定软件演化过程模型的代数语义,在进程代数的统一框架下,基于等式推理验证软件演化过程模型的行为,使行为验证方式从模型推导变为代数推导这种方法充分结合了Petri网和ACP的长处,可以有效地支持软件演化过程的形式验证.     

基于本体的构件化软件演化信息获取及度量研究

软件演化信息是一种重要的、能反映软件变化历史的信息.然而,传统的软件演化信息以文件或者项目作为跟踪软件变化的基本单元,不能有效地支持构件化软件演化信息的存储和检索.提出了采用本体概念表示构件化软件演化信息的策略,并利用Jena推理机实现构件化软件演化信息的荻取.该方法不仅能检索构件化软件的基本演化信息,而且可以通过定义规则的方式检索出蕴含的演化信息.同时,文中也提出了一种构件化软件演化度量的模型,该模型通过对演化属性的计算分析来预测构件化软件的演化趋势.     

Towards a Megamodel to Model Software Evolution Through Transformations

Model Driven Engineering is a promizing approach that could lead to the emergence of a new paradigm for software evolution, namely Model Driven Software Evolution. Models, Metamodels and Transformations are the cornerstones of this approach. Combining these concepts leads to very complex structures which revealed to be very difficult to understand especially when different technological spaces are considered such as XMLWare (the technology based on XML), Grammarware and BNF, Modelware and UML, Dataware and SQL, etc. The concepts of model, metamodel and transformation are usually ill-defined in industrial standards like the MDA or XML. This paper provides a conceptual framework, called a megamodel, that aims at modelling large-scale software evolution processes. Such processes are modeled as graphs of systems linked with well-defined set of relations such as RepresentationOf (μ), ConformsTo (χ) and IsTransformedIn (τ).     

软件动态演化技术

为适应开放环境和用户需求的变化,软件应该具备在运行时刻自演化的能力,从而满足各种需求变化,因此深入研究动态演化技术显得尤为重要。介绍了软件动态演化的开放性、层次性和整个演化活动的具体过程,讨论了动态演化的语言、模型和乎台三者之间的关系以及当前的研究成果,并对已有成果中的实现方法、实用性和特色进行了比较,指出其不足之处。最后提出动态演化技术应重点研究的关键问题,并对其发展前景进行展望。     

软件进化研究综述

软件进化是软件产品交付给客户之后所发生的一系列改进活动,是有目的地从早期版本来产生新版本的过程,是软件工程中的一个重要领域。对软件进化进行了综述性的介绍,讨论了其定义、发展历程及主要研究内容,介绍了指导软件进化的几种典型方法,分析了人们在软件进化过程中面临的一些挑战和问题。