一种基于标签路径聚类的文本信息抽取算法

针对网页噪音和网页非结构化信息抽取复杂度高的问题,提出一种基于标签路径(XPATH)聚类的文本信息抽取算法.该算法首先对网页噪音预处理,根据网页的DOM树结构进行标签路径聚类,通过自动训练的阈值和网页分割算法快速判定网页的关键部分,根据数据块中的嵌套结构获取网页文本抽取模板.对不同类型网站实验表明,该方法获得快速和较高准确度的效果.     

基于标签路径聚类的文本信息抽取算法

针对网页噪音和网页非结构化信息抽取复杂度高的问题,提出一种基于标签路径聚类的文本信息抽取算法。对网页噪音进行预处理,根据网页的文档对象模型树结构进行标签路径聚类,通过自动训练的阈值和网页分割算法快速判定网页的关键部分,根据数据块中的嵌套结构获取网页文本抽取模板。对不同类型网站的实验结果表明,该算法运行速度快、准确度高。     

基于网页分割的Web信息提取算法

针对网页非结构化信息抽取复杂度高的问题,提出了一种基于网页分割的Web信息提取算法。对网页噪音进行预处理,根据网页的文档对象模型树结构进行标签路径聚类,通过自动训练的阈值和网页分割算法快速判定网页的关键部分,根据数据块中的嵌套结构获取网页文本提取模板。对不同类型网站的实验结果表明,该算法运行速度快、准确度高。     

基于规则模型的网页主题文本提取方法

通过对网页结构化和半结构化信息的分析,提出了一种基于规则模型的网页正文提取方法.该方法在总结HTML标签的不同应用特征和网页布局的结构特征的基础上,通过定义一系列过滤、提取和合并规则来建立一个通用的网页正文抽取模型,以达到有效提取网页主题文本的目的.实验结果表明,该方法对于各类型网页主题文本的提取均具有较高的准确卒,通用性强.     

一种基于模板的快速网页文本自动抽取算法*

针对网页噪声和网页非结构化信息抽取模板生成复杂度高的问题,提出了一种快速获取非结构信息抽取模板的算法。该算法先对网页噪声进行预处理,将其DOM树结构进行标签hash映射,通过自动训练的阈值快速判定网页的主要部分,根据数据块中的嵌套结构获取网页文本抽取模板。对不同类型网站的实验表明,该方法快速且具有较高的准确度。     

基于文本块密度和标签路径覆盖率的网页正文抽取

针对大多数网页除了正文信息外,还包括导航、广告和免责声明等噪声信息的问题。为了提高网页正文抽取的准确性,提出了一种基于文本块密度和标签路径覆盖率的抽取方法（CETD-TPC）,结合网页文本块密度特征和标签路径特征的优点,设计了融合两种特征的新特征,利用新特征抽取网页中的最佳文本块,最后,抽取该文本块中的正文内容。该方法有效地解决了网页正文中噪声块信息过滤和短文本难以抽取的问题,且无需训练和人工处理。在CleanEval数据集和从知名网站上随机选取的新闻网页数据集上的实验结果表明,CETD-TPC方法在不同数据源上均具有很好的适用性,抽取性能优于CETR、CETD和CEPR等算法。     

半结构化数据的最小化模式发现

半结构化数据的模式抽取对于半结构化数据查询、优化及异构数据的集成具有重要的意义.结合标签路径及标签路径的目标集概念,提出了基于OEM(Object Exchange Model)模型的半结构化数据最小化模式抽取新方法,并给出了与标签路径目标集、支持度计算相关的两个定理.算法的基本思路:依据文中的两个定理,采用宽度优先自顶向下的遍历策略依次求出各标签路径的最后一个标签的目标集及支持度,标签支持度大的目标集优先映射为对应的模式节点.对同一半结构数据实例,算法抽取的模式与其他算法得到的模式相比规模小、算法执行时间短.算法适用于层次型及包含环路的OEM半结构化数据模式抽取.     

半结构化数据的模式抽取

模式抽取在半结构化数据研究领域中具有重要意义。论文结合同类对象集和标签路径的概念,提出了一种从OEM模型中抽取模式的新方法。算法的基本思想是:在用OEM模型表示的半结构化数据中查找同类对象集,并通过构造模式表的方法来实现模式抽取。这种方法不但能从层次结构数据中抽取模式,而且还能从包含环路的OEM数据中进行模式抽取,克服了其它一些算法不能从带有环路的数据中进行模式抽取的缺点。     

一种全自动生成网页信息抽取Wrapper的方法

Web网页信息抽取是近年来广泛关注的话题。如何最快最准地从大量Web网页中获取主要数据成为该领域的一个研究重点。文章中提出了一种全自动化生成网页信息抽取Wrapper的方法。该方法充分利用网页设计模版的结构化、层次化特点,运用网页链接分类算法和网页结构分离算法,抽取出网页中各个信息单元,并输出相应Wrapper。利用Wrapper能够对同类网页自动地进行信息抽取。实验结果表明,该方法同时实现了对网页中严格的结构化信息和松散的结构化信息的自动化抽取,抽取结果达到非常高的准确率。     

基于无秩树自动机的信息抽取技术研究

针对目前基于网页结构的信息抽取方法的缺陷,提出了一种基于无秩树自动机的信息抽取技术,其核心思想是通过将结构化(半结构化)文档转换成无秩树,然后利用(k,l)-contextual树构造样本自动机,依据树自动机接收和拒绝状态来对网页进行数据的抽取.该方法充分利用结构,依托树自动机将传统的以单一结构途径的信息抽取方法与文法推理原则相结合,得到信息抽取规则.实验结果表明,该方法与同类抽取方法相比在准确率、召回率以及抽取所需时间上均有所提高.     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.     

The Distributed Time-Triggered Simulation Scheme: Core Principles and Supporting Execution Engine

Distributed real-time simulation is a young technology field but its practice is under increasing demands. In recent years the author and his collaborators have been establishing a new approach called the distributed time-triggered simulation (DTS) scheme which is conceptually simple and easy to use but widely applicable. The concept was initiated in the course of developing a new-generation object-oriented real-time programming scheme called the time-triggered message-triggered object (TMO) programming scheme. Some fundamental issues inherent in distributed real-time simulation that were learned during recent experimental studies are discussed along with some approaches for resolving the issues. An execution engine developed to support both the TMOs engaged in control computation and the TMOs engaged in DTS is also discussed along with its possible extensions that will enable significantly larger-scale DTSs.     

Software-Konfigurationsmanagement in großen Softwareprojekten

Zusammenfassung Mit zunehmender Größe der Softwaresysteme verschärfen sich die für die Software-Herstellung typischen Probleme: Beherrschen großer Objektmengen, Erhalten der Systemkonsistenz, Kontrolle der ständigen Änderungseinflüsse und Gewährleisten einer langen Lebensdauer. Die Disziplin Konfigurationsmanagement bildet den methodischen Ansatz, diese Probleme besser zu beherrschen. Software-Konfigurationsmanagement faßt die Herstellung von Softwaresystemen als eine Abfolge von kontrollierten Änderungen an gesicherten Zwischen- und Endergebnissen auf. Dargestellt werden die Objekte und Funktionen des Software-Konfigurationsmanagements sowie die hierfür in großen Software-Projekten benötigten Methoden, Instanzen und Hilfsmittel.     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and     

Editorial:Brain-machine interface(BMI) and cyborg intelligence

正Brain-machine interfaces(BMIs)aim at building a direct communication pathway between the brain and an external device,and represent an area of research where significant progress has been made during the past decade.Based on BMIs,mind information can be read out by neural signals to control     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate     

SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 57(2014)

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Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate