微流控芯片中电渗流的数值模拟与仿真研究

从电渗流形成的基本理论入手,推导了电场和流场双物理场耦合的控制方程.运用多物理场数值计算分析软件建立了长为1000μm,宽为100μm的二维流道,在微流道中间250~750μm的区域施加了直流电压,并在数值模拟中还原了微流道内壁和微流体的物理属性,计算得出了各段流体的速度场,进而得出了各段流体的流型.通过二维流道压力分布分析了微流道中各段产生不同流型的原因.对微流控芯片中的电动流动的功能原理分析及优化设计具有借鉴意义.     

自热式连续流PCR芯片的模拟与设计

介绍了一种连续流式的聚合酶链式反应(PCR)芯片,采取主动加热、被动冷却的方式,可实现DNA片断的倍增。用ANSYS有限元分析软件对器件进行温场分布仿真及分析,在此基础上, 设计了一种基于玻璃-玻璃的PCR芯片,芯片上分布着宽90μm,深40μm的迂回微沟道。通过单侧局部区域加热的方法,即可形成3个较宽的恒温区(95, 72, 60℃)与PCR反应相对应,且恒温区内温差在5℃以内,可以满足PCR反应的需要。     

PDMS用加窗方式快速复制微结构

提出了一种微流控芯片中的制作方法,此方法可以复制现有芯片的任意结构,可用于实验室原有芯片的修复和整合.用窗口的方法提取结构,可排除芯片上相邻结构的干扰,得到表面光滑整齐的新芯片.特别适用于复制目前软光刻工艺尚未达到的特微结构和三维结构芯片.实验制作出的聚二甲基硅氧烷(PDMS)芯片沟道长30μm,宽5μm,深5μm,显微镜下观察芯片表面光滑,窗口内沟道性质复制良好,窗口边缘与表面之间具有明显的陡变.     

高热流微冷却器的换热性能研究

对以水为换热介质的微通道冷却器对模拟发热电子芯片进行冷却的换热性能进行了实验研究.通过测量流体的流量、进出口温度、发热片表面热流密度,获得了不同几何结构微通道冷却器在不同加热功率、不同Re数条件下的换热特性和冷却效果.结果表明,微通道冷却器可以有效地对表面热流密度高达5.34×105 W/m2的发热电子芯片进行冷却;微通道冷却器的换热性能随Re数的增大而提高,所提高的幅度随加热功率的增大而增大;微通道的几何结构对换热性能有显著影响,平均Nu数随微通道的宽深比增大而增大.     

用于神经电信号记录的多通道微探针

:以体硅为衬底,采用微机械加工技术(MEMS)制作了七通道的可植入到脑皮层的微探针,用于记录神经电信号.从生物相容性、减小植入损伤、工艺制作难度等方面考虑,制作了以二氧化硅/硅(SiO2/Si)为主体的微探针,并详述了其具体制作工艺流程.扫描电镜(SEM)照片显示微探针针长3 mm、针宽100 μm、针厚约为20 μm,各个记录点直径10 μm、间距120μm,实现了各通道之间良好的信号隔离.微探针距离针尖1 mm范围内的针宽以一定弧度由100 μm逐渐变窄,同时针尖锥角为6°,此种结构有利于减小植入时对脑组织的损伤.通过体外测试得到,当频率由10 kHz增加到10 MHz时,微电极各个通道阻抗由150.5 kΩ降低到6.0 kΩ.     

基于交流电场驱动的微流体运动特性模拟研究

为研究在交流电场驱动下微沟道中流体的运动特性,采用有限元的方法建立了非对称电极驱动流体的数学模型.微管道高为40μm,出口在交流微电极以后100μm处,通过多物理场耦合软件研究了交流微电极对数、驱动电压、频率与微沟道出口平均速度之间的关系,其中交流微电极对数、驱动电压与出口速度成正比,对于几何尺寸一定的微管道,在特定频率下可以得到最大出口速度.实例中微管道在1V电压下,最佳驱动频率为3500 Hz,可获得的最大出口速度为9.6×10-8 m/s.     

新型半填充微气相色谱柱芯片研究

基于微机电系统(MEMS)技术设计制造了新型半填充微气相色谱柱(μGCC)芯片,芯片的微沟道内设计有排列整齐的椭圆微柱阵列。与现有半填充μGCC相比,新型μGCC的微沟道具有更大的表面积和更均匀的流速场分布,对芯片分离度和柱效的提高起着至关重要的作用。设计的芯片成功分离了重烃类混合气体组分和苯系物,理论塔板数最高可达到9 246 plates/m。     

微通道导引下数字微流体快速混合

微流体混合是微流控芯片急需完善的重要操作单元,提出了在声表面波驱动下实现微通道内数字微流体快速混合方法.在1280YX-LiNbO3基片上设计相互垂直排列的两叉指换能器和反射栅,并在其声传播路径上制作微通道且进行疏水处理以防止微流体偏离运动方向,待混合的数字微流体移液于微通道中,分别在两叉指换能器上分时加RF电信号激发相互垂直声表面波,以驱动微通道中微流体输运、合并及快速混合.输运实验结果表明微流体在没有微通道时运动发生严重偏离声传播方向;混合实验表明:相比于自由扩散混合,声表面波作用极大地提高微通道中微流体混合速度且混合程度更高.     

细胞计数分析传感器芯片的研究

细胞计数分析在医疗和科学研究方面有着广泛的应用,本论文叙述了一种有效结合了微流控分析和细胞传感器技术,并能够进行细胞计数分析的传感器芯片.通过微加工技术制备的聚二甲基硅氧烷(polydimethylsiloxane,PDMS)微通道,并将PDMS芯片键合在光寻址电位传感器(light-addressable potentiometric sensor,LAPS)的芯片表面,使其在硅基底上形成十字形、100 μm宽、30μm深的微流控通道,通过LAPS光生电流的传感测量,对重力驱动的大鼠血细胞进行了计数分析.该研究将微流控技术引入细胞传感器的研究,有利于后续通过细胞芯片实现细胞计数分析仪器的微型化和多功能化.     

微流道交流电水力泵的数值模拟及优化

描述了微通道内交流电水力泵(EHD)的工作原理,并用IntelliSuite(R)的Microfluidic模块对电水力泵进行数值模拟.并分析了影响电水力泵速度场分布的因素,包括流体电导率、驱动交流电频率和相位、电极维度以及电极间隙和数量等.通过数值模拟不同参数下的电水力泵,比较驱动压力大小,最后给出优化的设计结果,为给电水力泵设计参数的选择提供依据.本文对流道长度为5mm,宽0.4mm,厚度0.4mm的电水力泵做了优化设计的数值模拟,最后得到驱动电极宽度为0.01mm,电极间距为0.02mm.     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.     

The Distributed Time-Triggered Simulation Scheme: Core Principles and Supporting Execution Engine

Distributed real-time simulation is a young technology field but its practice is under increasing demands. In recent years the author and his collaborators have been establishing a new approach called the distributed time-triggered simulation (DTS) scheme which is conceptually simple and easy to use but widely applicable. The concept was initiated in the course of developing a new-generation object-oriented real-time programming scheme called the time-triggered message-triggered object (TMO) programming scheme. Some fundamental issues inherent in distributed real-time simulation that were learned during recent experimental studies are discussed along with some approaches for resolving the issues. An execution engine developed to support both the TMOs engaged in control computation and the TMOs engaged in DTS is also discussed along with its possible extensions that will enable significantly larger-scale DTSs.     

Software-Konfigurationsmanagement in großen Softwareprojekten

Zusammenfassung Mit zunehmender Größe der Softwaresysteme verschärfen sich die für die Software-Herstellung typischen Probleme: Beherrschen großer Objektmengen, Erhalten der Systemkonsistenz, Kontrolle der ständigen Änderungseinflüsse und Gewährleisten einer langen Lebensdauer. Die Disziplin Konfigurationsmanagement bildet den methodischen Ansatz, diese Probleme besser zu beherrschen. Software-Konfigurationsmanagement faßt die Herstellung von Softwaresystemen als eine Abfolge von kontrollierten Änderungen an gesicherten Zwischen- und Endergebnissen auf. Dargestellt werden die Objekte und Funktionen des Software-Konfigurationsmanagements sowie die hierfür in großen Software-Projekten benötigten Methoden, Instanzen und Hilfsmittel.     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and     

Editorial:Brain-machine interface(BMI) and cyborg intelligence

正Brain-machine interfaces(BMIs)aim at building a direct communication pathway between the brain and an external device,and represent an area of research where significant progress has been made during the past decade.Based on BMIs,mind information can be read out by neural signals to control     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate     

SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 57(2014)

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Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate