一种双种群差分蜂群算法

人工蜂群算法(ABC)是一种基于蜜蜂群智能搜索行为的随机优化算法.为了有效改善人工蜂群算法的性能,结合差分进化算法,提出一种新的双种群差分蜂群算法(BDABC).该算法首先通过基于反向学习的策略初始化种群,使得初始化的个体尽可能均匀分布在搜索空间,然后将种群中的个体随机分成两组,每组采用不同的优化策略同时进行寻优,并通过在两群体之间引入交互学习的思想,来提高算法的收敛速度.基于6个标准测试函数的仿真实验表明,BDABC算法能有效避免早熟收敛,全局优化能力和收敛速率都有显著提高.     

一种精英反向学习的差分演化算法

为提高差分演化算法的性能,提出一种精英反向学习策略的差分演化算法.该算法以一定的概率通过反向学习生成种群中精英个体的反向解,引入一般化系数k,构造动态搜索边界下的反向群体形成反向搜索空间,之后同时评估当前种群与反向种群的解来指导算法的搜索空间向包含全局最优解的空间逼近,有利于均衡算法的勘探与开采能力.对13个典型的测试函数进行实验,将本文算法与5种代表性的差分演化算法进行对比,结果表明本文算法不仅在求解精度上更优,在收敛速度上也有非常大的优势.     

一种维持种群多样性的多目标差分演化算法

差分演化算法是一种简单而有效的全局优化算法。本文将差分演化算法用于求解多目标优化问题,给出了一种维持种群多样性的多目标差分演化算法。该算法采用正交设计法初始化种群,改进差分演化算子,从而有利于维持种群多样性,提高演化算法的搜索性能。初步实验表明,新算法能有效地求解多目标优化问题。     

基于正交差分演化无迹卡尔曼滤波的短时交通流量预测算法

针对复杂交通路段下的短时交通流量模型的参数估计问题,建立了基于宏观交通流量预测的状态空间模型,提出了基于正交自适应差分演化的无迹卡尔曼滤波(UKF)算法,解决交通流量预测动态模型的参数优化问题.对差分演化算法(DE)的初始化过程,使用基于正交设计和量化技术的交叉算子最大限度地提高种群的多样性,平衡差分演化算法的开采性和勘探性,更高效地搜索无迹卡尔曼滤波的模型参数.并针对UKF、DE的不同情况,分别采用不同的自适应策略提高调节算法性能.实验结果表明,相对于单独使用随机分布的方式初始化,或者根据经验设置模型参数的方法,使用正交设计方法的初始化策略、变异算子以及参数自适应控制策略的差分演化算法能够有效地节省计算资源,提升预测性能和精度,具有更高的鲁棒性.     

基于小生境的GEP新算法

为了克服传统基因表达式编程在演化后期容易丢失群体多样性的缺陷,避免出现早熟收敛,提出基于小生境的基因表达式编程新算法.将相同适应值的个体组成一个小生境,如果相同适应值的个体数量超过小生境容量x,则将超出的个体放入演化池中进行重新初始化.实验结果表明,使用这种基于小生境的基因表达式编程新算法能在整个演化过程中保持丰富的群体多样性,并能够更有效地避免算法的早熟收敛,更准确地求出问题的最优解.     

一种基于正交设计的快速差分演化算法及其应用研究

为了进一步加快差分演化算法的速度和增强算法的鲁棒性,提出了一种基于正交设计的快速差分演化算法,并把它应用于函数优化问题的求解中.新算法在保持传统差分演化算法的简单、有效等特性的同时,具有以下特征：1）采用基于正交设计的杂交算子,并结合直观统计法产生最优子个体;2）采用决策变量分块策略,以减少正交实验次数,加快算法收敛速度;3）提出一种基于非凸理论的多父体混合自适应杂交变异算子,以增强算法的非凸搜索能力和自适应能力;4）简化基本差分演化算法的缩放因子,尽量减少算法的控制参数,方便工程人员的使用.通过对12个标准测试函数进行实验,并与其他演化算法的结果相比较,其结果表明,新算法在解的精度、稳定性和收敛性上表现出很好的性能.     

基于单形正交实验设计的差分演化算法

为了克服传统差分演化(DE)算法在求解约束优化问题时出现的收敛性慢和容易陷入早熟等缺陷,提出一种新的基于单形正交实验设计的差分演化(SO-DE)算法。该算法设计了一种结合单形交叉和正交实验设计的混合交叉算子来提高差分演化算法的搜索能力;同时采用了一种改进的个体优劣比较准则对种群个体进行比较和选择。这种新的混合交叉算子利用多个父代个体进行单形交叉产生多个子代个体,从两者中选择优秀个体进行正交实验设计得到下一代种群个体。改进的个体优劣比较准则对不同状态下的种群采用不同的处理方案,其目的在于能够有效地权衡目标函数值和约束违反量之间的关系,从而选择优秀个体进入下一代种群。通过对13个标准测试函数和2个工程设计问题进行仿真实验,实验结果表明SO-DE算法求解的精度和标准方差都要优于HEAA算法和COEA/OED算法。SO-DE算法具有更高的精度以及更好的稳定性。     

带时间窗车辆路径问题的差分进化混合算法

研究了带时间窗的车辆路径问题(Vehicle Routing Problem with Time Windows,VRPTW),建立了数学模型,并设计了求解VRPTW的离散差分进化混合算法。算法采用随机车辆配载方法构造初始解,并通过构造新的变异和交叉算子进行改进。进一步,利用插入可行邻域和2-Opt可行邻域两种搜索可行解的邻域结构,引入禁忌搜索进一步进行局部搜索以提高算法的寻优能力。实验结果表明该算法是求解VRPTW的一种有效方法。     

基于反向学习与Levy飞行的改进蜂群算法

为了优化蜂群算法(BCA),平衡局部搜索与全局搜索,避免算法陷入局部最优,并提高蜂群算法的收敛速度,提出了一种多策略改进的方法优化蜂群算法(MSO-BCA).算法在种群初始化阶段采用了反向学习(OBL)初始化的方法;在种群更新与邻域搜索中采用了具有Levy飞行特征的改进搜索策略.经过对经典Benchmark函数的反复实验并与其他算法的比较,表明了所提出的算法具有良好的加速和收敛效果,提高了全局搜索能力与效率.     

多目标强度Pareto 混沌差分进化算法

提出一种多目标强度Pareto混沌差分进化算法(SPCDE).首先利用Tent映射进行种群的混沌初始化,采用一种基于均匀排挤机制的截断排挤操作和混沌替换操作进行种群的环境选择操作;然后基于一种变缩放因子的差分变异策略进行变异操作,通过计算支配关系得到变异个体;最后通过支配关系的计算和环境选择操作进行进化选择操作并得到子代个体.以上操作不仅提高了算法的收敛性能,而且保证了Pareto最优解的均匀分布性.数值实验结果表明了该算法的有效性.     

A novel clustering-based differential evolution with 2 multi-parent crossovers for global optimization

Differential evolution (DE) is a simple and efficient global optimization algorithm. However, DE has been shown to have certain weaknesses, especially if the global optimum should be located using a limited number of function evaluations (NFEs). Hence hybridization with other methods is a research direction for the improvement of differential evolution. In this paper, a hybrid DE based on the one-step k-means clustering and 2 multi-parent crossovers, called clustering-based differential evolution with 2 multi-parent crossovers (2-MPCs-CDE) is proposed for the unconstrained global optimization problems. In 2-MPCs-CDE, k cluster centers and several new individuals generate two search spaces. These spaces are then searched in turn. This method utilizes the information of the population effectively and improves search efficiency. Hence it can enhance the performance of DE. A comprehensive set of 35 benchmark functions is employed for experimental verification. Experimental results indicate that 2-MPCs-CDE is effective and efficient. Compared with other state-of-the-art evolutionary algorithms, 2-MPCs-CDE performs better, or at least comparably, in terms of the solution accuracy and the convergence rate.     

Dynamic partition search algorithm for global numerical optimization

This paper presents a novel evolutionary algorithm entitled Dynamic Partition Search Algorithm (DPSA) for global optimization problems with continuous variables. The DPSA is a population-based stochastic search algorithm in nature, which mainly consists of initialization process and evolution process. In the initialization process, the DPSA randomly generates an initial population of members from a specific search space and finds a leader. In the evolution process, the DPSA applies two groups to balance exploration ability and exploitation ability, in which one group is in charge of exploring new region via a dynamic partition strategy, and the other group relies on Cauchy distributions to exploit the region around the best member. Later, numerical experiments are conducted for 24 classical benchmark functions with 100, 1000 or even 10000 dimensions. And the performance of the proposed DPSA is compared with a state-of-the-art cooperative coevolving particle swarm optimization (CCPSO2), and two existing differential evolution (DE) algorithms. The experimental results show that DPSA has a better performance than the algorithms used for comparison, especially for high dimensional optimization problems. In addition, the numerical computational results also demonstrate that the DPSA has good scalability, and it is an effective evolutionary algorithm for solving large-scale global optimization problems.     

Constrained differential evolution using generalized opposition-based learning

Differential evolution (DE) is a well-known optimization approach to deal with nonlinear and complex optimization problems. However, many real-world optimization problems are constrained problems that involve equality and inequality constraints. DE with constraint handling techniques, named constrained differential evolution (CDE), can be used to solve constrained optimization problems. In this paper, we propose a new CDE framework that uses generalized opposition-based learning (GOBL), named GOBL-CDE. In GOBL-CDE, firstly, the transformed population is generated using general opposition-based learning in the population initialization. Secondly, the transformed population and the initial population are merged and only half of the best individuals are selected to compose the new initial population to proceed mutation, crossover, and selection. Lastly, based on a jumping probability, the transformed population is calculated again after generating new populations, and the fittest individuals are selected to compose new population from the union of the current population and the transformed population. The GOBL-CDE framework can be applied to most CDE variants. As examples, in this study, the framework is applied to two popular representative CDE variants, i.e., rank-iMDDE and \(\varepsilon \)DEag. Experiment results on 24 benchmark functions from CEC’2006 and 18 benchmark functions from CEC’2010 show that the proposed framework is an effective approach to enhance the performance of CDE algorithms.     

Opposition-based learning in the shuffled differential evolution algorithm

This paper proposes using the opposition-based learning (OBL) strategy in the shuffled differential evolution (SDE). In the SDE, population is divided into several memeplexes and each memeplex is improved by the differential evolution (DE) algorithm. The OBL by comparing the fitness of an individual to its opposite and retaining the fitter one in the population accelerates search process. The objective of this paper is to introduce new versions of the DE which, on one hand, use the partitioning and shuffling concepts of SDE to compensate for the limited amount of search moves of the original DE and, on the other hand, employ the OBL to accelerate the DE without making premature convergence. Four versions of DE algorithm are proposed based on the OBL and SDE strategies. All algorithms similarly use the opposition-based population initialization to achieve fitter initial individuals and their difference is in applying opposition-based generation jumping. Experiments on 25 benchmark functions designed for the special session on real-parameter optimization of CEC2005 and non-parametric analysis of obtained results demonstrate that the performances of the proposed algorithms are better than the SDE. The fourth version of proposed algorithm has a significant difference compared to the SDE in terms of all considered aspects. The emphasis of comparison results is to obtain some successful performances on unsolved functions for the first time, which so far have not been reported any successful runs on them. In a later part of the comparative experiments, performance comparisons of the proposed algorithm with some modern DE algorithms reported in the literature confirm a significantly better performance of our proposed algorithm, especially on high-dimensional functions.     

Global replacement-based differential evolution with neighbor-based memory for dynamic optimization

Dynamic optimization problems challenge the evolutionary algorithms, owing to the diversity loss or the low search efficiency of the algorithms, especially when the problems change frequently. This paper presents a novel differential evolution algorithm to address the dynamic optimization problems. Unlike the most used “DE/rand/1” mutation operator, in this paper, the “DE/best/1” mutation is employed to generate a mutant individual. In order to enhance the search efficiency of differential evolution, the classical differential evolution algorithm is modified by a novel replacement operator, in which the worst individual in the whole population is replaced by the newly generated trial vector as a “steady-state” manner. During optimizing, some newly generated solutions are stored into a memory set, in which these stored solutions are located around the current best solution. When the environmental change is detected, the stored solutions are expected to guide the reinitialized solutions to track the new location of global optimum as soon as possible. The performance of the proposed algorithm is compared with six state-of-the-art dynamic evolutionary algorithms over some benchmark problems. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm clearly outperforms the competitors.     

A preference multi-objective optimization based on adaptive rank clone and differential evolution

Evolutionary multi-objective optimization (EMO) algorithms have been used in various real-world applications. However, most of the Pareto domination based multi-objective optimization evolutionary algorithms are not suitable for many-objective optimization. Recently, EMO algorithm incorporated decision maker’s preferences became a new trend for solving many-objective problems and showed a good performance. In this paper, we first use a new selection scheme and an adaptive rank based clone scheme to exploit the dynamic information of the online antibody population. Moreover, a special differential evolution (DE) scheme is combined with directional information by selecting parents for the DE calculation according to the ranks of individuals within a population. So the dominated solutions can learn the information of the non-dominated ones by using directional information. The proposed method has been extensively compared with two-archive algorithm, light beam search non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II and preference rank immune memory clone selection algorithm over several benchmark multi-objective optimization problems with from two to ten objectives. The experimental results indicate that the proposed algorithm achieves competitive results.     

A self-adaptive differential evolution algorithm for continuous optimization problems

This paper proposes a new self-adaptive differential evolution algorithm (DE) for continuous optimization problems. The proposed self-adaptive differential evolution algorithm extends the concept of the DE/current-to-best/1 mutation strategy to allow the adaptation of the mutation parameters. The control parameters in the mutation operation are gradually self-adapted according to the feedback from the evolutionary search. Moreover, the proposed differential evolution algorithm also consists of a new local search based on the krill herd algorithm. In this study, the proposed algorithm has been evaluated and compared with the traditional DE algorithm and two other adaptive DE algorithms. The experimental results on 21 benchmark problems show that the proposed algorithm is very effective in solving complex optimization problems.     

Enhanced opposition-based differential evolution for solving high-dimensional continuous optimization problems

This paper presents a novel algorithm based on generalized opposition-based learning (GOBL) to improve the performance of differential evolution (DE) to solve high-dimensional optimization problems efficiently. The proposed approach, namely GODE, employs similar schemes of opposition-based DE (ODE) for opposition-based population initialization and generation jumping with GOBL. Experiments are conducted to verify the performance of GODE on 19 high-dimensional problems with D = 50, 100, 200, 500, 1,000. The results confirm that GODE outperforms classical DE, real-coded CHC (crossgenerational elitist selection, heterogeneous recombination, and cataclysmic mutation) and G-CMA-ES (restart covariant matrix evolutionary strategy) on the majority of test problems.     

多目标优化差分进化算法

个体的适应度赋值和群体的多样性维护是进化算法的两个关键问题。首先,一方面,定义了Paretoε-支配关系的相关概念,通过Paretoε-支配关系确定个体的强度Pareto值,根据个体的强度Pareto值对群体进行Pareto分级排序,实现优胜劣汰;另一方面,使用拥挤距离估算个体的拥挤密度,淘汰位于拥挤区的一些个体,维持群体的多样性。然后,根据差分进化算法的特点,使用适当的进化策略和控制参数,给出了一种用于求解多目标优化问题的差分进化算法DEAMO。最后,数值实验表明,DEAMO在求解标准的多目标优化问题时性能表现优良。     

Three modified versions of differential evolution algorithm for continuous optimization

Differential evolution (DE) is one simple and effective evolutionary algorithm (EA) for global optimization. In this paper, three modified versions of the DE to improve its performance, to repair its defect in accurate converging to individual optimal point and to compensate the limited amount of search moves of original DE are proposed. In the first modified version called bidirectional differential evolution (BDE), to generate a new trial point, is used from the bidirectional optimization concept, and in the second modified version called shuffled differential evolution (SDE), population such as shuffled frog leaping (SFL) algorithm is divided in to several memeplexes and each memeplex is improved by the DE algorithm. Finally, in the third modified version of DE called shuffled bidirectional differential evolution (SBDE) to improve each memeplex is used from the proposed BDE algorithm. Three proposed modified versions are applied on two types of DE and six obtained algorithms are compared with original DE and SFL algorithms. Experiments on continuous benchmark functions and non-parametric analysis of obtained results demonstrate that applying bidirectional concept only improves one type of the DE. But the SDE and the SBDE have a better success rate and higher solution precision than original DE and SFL, whereas those are more time consuming on some functions. In a later part of the comparative experiments, a comparison of the proposed algorithms with some modern DE and the other EAs reported in the literature confirms a better or at least comparable performance of our proposed algorithms.