一种快速自适应边缘提取方法的研究

利用图像边缘灰度突变的特性。提出了一种梯度算子结合抽样的快速自适应边缘检测方法，在对整幅图抽样得到的低分辨率图上搜索出边缘点，然后以此为指导在整幅图上精确定位待检测的目标轮廓；为了提高边缘检测的自动化程度，将整幅图分成若干幅子图像．对每幅子图像各自统计其梯度，根据梯度信息自适应生成阈值．蛮验证明该方法不仅能快速准确地提取出单像素目标边缘而且还能较好地抑制细小边缘的于扰，在实际应用中获得了良好的效果。     

基于改进直方图映射和均值移位目标跟踪算法

提出了一种改进直方图映射和均值移位结合的目标跟踪算法，根据目标模型各成分直方图比例系数建立索引表，索引号为颜色值，索引内容为颜色对应的归一化目标模型直方图，在索引表中查询输入图像颜色值构建反映目标出现概率灰度图；均值移位算法在生成灰度图中快速定位目标位置。对比实验结果表明，改进的直方图映射算法从根本上抑止模型背景干扰，均值移位算法准确定位目标；系统能实时准确跟踪运动目标。     

完全基于边缘信息的快速图像分割算法

为快速准确地进行图像分割和对象提取,达到图像实时处理的要求,提出一种完全基于边缘信息、具有良好并行计算特性的图像分割和对象提取算法.首先对经典Canny算子边缘检测进行改进、引入了断点检测和递归可控的低阈值边缘追踪算法,得到图像的原始二值边缘图;然后采用基于断点的边缘连接算法得到待提取对象的完整闭合边缘;最后提出四向扫描区域填充算法从边缘图中完整地提取出有意义的对象.实验结果表明,文中算法不仅可以准确地处理图像中的各类复杂边缘、获得良好的图像分割效果,同时具有优秀的并行计算特性,可以以并行方式、基于GPU实现完全实时的图像处理.     

基于视觉的机器人自主定位与障碍物检测方法

针对稀疏型同时定位与地图构建（SLAM）算法环境信息丢失导致无法检测障碍物问题，提出一种基于视觉的机器人自主定位与障碍物检测方法。首先，利用双目相机得到观测场景的视差图。然后，在机器人操作系统（ROS）架构下，同时运行定位与建图和障碍物检测两个节点。定位与建图节点基于ORB-SLAM2完成位姿估计与环境建图。障碍物检测节点引入深度阈值，将视差图二值化；运用轮廓提取算法得到障碍物轮廓信息并计算障碍物凸包面积；再引入面积阈值，剔除误检测区域，从而实时准确地解算出障碍物坐标。最后，将检测到的障碍物信息插入到环境的稀疏特征地图当中。实验结果表明，该方法能够在实现机器人自主定位的同时，快速检测出环境中的障碍物，检测精度能够保证机器人顺利避障。     

一种粘连颗粒图像中心点的识别方法

针对粘连颗粒检测中的中心点提取问题,提出了一种基于改进广义Hough变换的检测算法.该算法首先计算已知图形的覆盖圆环,然后将圆环模板遍历待测图像前景轮廓点进行覆盖区域累加,最后得到累加图的极大值.该算法产生的圆环具有旋转不变性,能够大大缩减检测时间.同时实验表明,这种圆环模板累加的算法能够得到更加准确的定位中心点,并且部分消除了伪中心.     

随机串行生产线稳态性能分析

一、两台机器的情形本文讨论了加工时间为一般概率分布刚性连接的随机串行生产线的稳态特性。对两台机器的情形,给出了稳态性能指标的表达式;对多台机器的情形,得到了稳态生产率的一个估计区间。考虑两台机器的串行生产线,如图1所示。机器M_1与M_2之间无存贮单元。设工件在M_1,M_2上的加工时间服从随机变量为ξ,η的概率分布。工件J_k离开M_i的时刻记为x_i[k]。J_k在M_1,M_2上的加工时间分别记为ξ_k,η_k,把它们看作随机变量,则有:ξ_k-ξ;η_k-η,k≥1。系统在极大代数意义下的状态方程为     

并行Hough变换快速航迹起始

Hough变换在航迹起始领域得到广泛应用,但在扫描次数较少时起始效果不佳。通过转变Hough变换处理结构和改变计数器累加方式,提出了一种并行Hough变换快速航迹起始算法。利用Hough变换将不同时刻的量测集合分别映射到参数空间,继而将空间中具有相同索引的各次累加结果构成累加向量,统计其非零元素的个数,如大于预先设定的门限,则用向量各元素求和作为累加结果,否则置零。将利用该方法获得最终的累加结果进行门限检测来确定是否起始航迹。仿真实验表明,该算法可在密集环境下快速准确地起始航迹。     

敏感电极厚度对NO_X传感器特性影响规律的研究

为快速准确地检测柴油机NOX排放值,提出了以NiO为敏感电极、YSZ为固体电解质的混合电位型NOX传感器。通过分析NOX传感器的气敏、温度、阻抗和响应等特性曲线的变化规律,得到了NOX传感器敏感电极厚度的最佳参数。试验结果表明,优化后的NOX传感器能够满足柴油机选择性催化还原(SCR)系统在线实时检测要求。     

二分类图上的非冗余协同图模式挖掘算法

图模式广泛应用于构建高效图分类模型的特征空间识别．协同图模式是一种内部节点高度相关的图结构,与普通图模式相比,协同图模式具有更高的区分能力,从而更加适用于分类模型的特征选择．文中研究了从二分类图中挖掘非冗余协同图模式的问题,通过限制协同图模式的区分能力远远高于其所有子图模式的非冗余性质,大幅度减少了挖掘结果的数量,同时保留了具有强区分能力的协同图模式．由于协同图模式理论上必须检测其所有子图是否满足约束条件,挖掘它们非常具有计算挑战性．基于非冗余协同图模式的多种特性,提出相对应的削减规则;通过对区分能力的边界估计,提出两个快速检测非冗余协同图模式方法,在此基础上给出了一种高效的深度优先挖掘算法 GINS．大量真实与合成数据集上的实验结果表明,GINS 算法明显优于其他两个代表性算法,作为图分类模型的分类特征时,非冗余协同图模式获得了较高的分类精度．     

基于部分相关和全相位预处理的伪码快速捕获方法*

针对高动态长周期直接序列扩频信号的快速捕获问题,提出了利用部分相关和全相位预处理相结合的方法。对部分相关得到带有多普勒频偏的正弦信号进行全相位预处理,再经过FFT得到全相位幅值谱,检测到其累加平均后的最大值,就能得到较准确多普勒频偏。通过理论分析和计算机仿真,该算法可以在很低的信噪比下完成伪码的捕获,同时能得到较精确的多普勒频偏值。     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

Call for Papers The 6^th International Conference on Grid and Cooperative Computing

Recent years have seen rapid advances in various grid-related technologies, middleware, and applications. The GCC conference has become one of the largest scientific events worldwide in grid and cooperative computing. The 6th international conference on grid and cooperative computing (GCC2007) Sponsored by China Computer Federation (CCF),Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICT) and Xinjiang University ,and in Cooperation with IEEE Computer Soceity ,is to be held from August 16 to 18, 2007 in Urumchi, Xinjiang, China.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.     

The Distributed Time-Triggered Simulation Scheme: Core Principles and Supporting Execution Engine

Distributed real-time simulation is a young technology field but its practice is under increasing demands. In recent years the author and his collaborators have been establishing a new approach called the distributed time-triggered simulation (DTS) scheme which is conceptually simple and easy to use but widely applicable. The concept was initiated in the course of developing a new-generation object-oriented real-time programming scheme called the time-triggered message-triggered object (TMO) programming scheme. Some fundamental issues inherent in distributed real-time simulation that were learned during recent experimental studies are discussed along with some approaches for resolving the issues. An execution engine developed to support both the TMOs engaged in control computation and the TMOs engaged in DTS is also discussed along with its possible extensions that will enable significantly larger-scale DTSs.     

Software-Konfigurationsmanagement in großen Softwareprojekten

Zusammenfassung Mit zunehmender Größe der Softwaresysteme verschärfen sich die für die Software-Herstellung typischen Probleme: Beherrschen großer Objektmengen, Erhalten der Systemkonsistenz, Kontrolle der ständigen Änderungseinflüsse und Gewährleisten einer langen Lebensdauer. Die Disziplin Konfigurationsmanagement bildet den methodischen Ansatz, diese Probleme besser zu beherrschen. Software-Konfigurationsmanagement faßt die Herstellung von Softwaresystemen als eine Abfolge von kontrollierten Änderungen an gesicherten Zwischen- und Endergebnissen auf. Dargestellt werden die Objekte und Funktionen des Software-Konfigurationsmanagements sowie die hierfür in großen Software-Projekten benötigten Methoden, Instanzen und Hilfsmittel.     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and     

Editorial:Brain-machine interface(BMI) and cyborg intelligence

正Brain-machine interfaces(BMIs)aim at building a direct communication pathway between the brain and an external device,and represent an area of research where significant progress has been made during the past decade.Based on BMIs,mind information can be read out by neural signals to control     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate     

SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 57(2014)

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