一种新的动态物流配送路径问题的研究*

通过对物流公司配送特点的认真分析,将人工免疫算法与蚁群算法结合起来,提出基于免疫疫苗的蚁群优化（ACOIV）,设计并实现了一种解决动态物流配送路径问题的方法。首先对初始抗体接种疫苗,产生较优解;然后蚁群根据此较优解初始化信息素,进而找出全局最优解。实验表明,接种疫苗的蚁群算法能更快更准确地找到最优解。     

基于多群智能算法的云计算任务调度策略

为提高云计算任务调度的服务质量(QoS),提出一种多群智能算法的云计算任务调度策略。首先利用全局搜索能力强的遗传算法快速找到云计算任务调度问题的较优解,然后将较优解转换成蚁群优化算法的初始信息素,最后通过蚂蚁间的信息交流和反馈找到云计算任务调度的全局最优解。以CloudSim为仿真平台进行了模拟实验,结果表明,与同类算法相比,多群智能算法不仅大幅提高了云计算任务调度效率,而且减少了处理请求任务的平均完成时间。     

基于遗传蚁群算法的QoS路由算法研究

利用遗传算法的快速全局搜索能力和蚁群算法的正反馈收敛机制,引入遗传蚁群算法（Genetic Algorithm Ant Colony algorithm）GAAC来解决QoS路由问题。算法设计的基本思想是首先由遗传算法产生较优解,较优的路径留下信息素,其他路径不改变,然后在有一定初始信息素分布的情况下,用蚁群算法求精解。仿真表明算法比单一采用遗传算法和蚁群算法进行路由选择具有更好的性能,且更适合于动态网络环境下的QoS路由选择。     

基于变异和信息素扩散的多维背包问题的蚁群算法

针对蚁群算法在求解大规模多维背包问题时存在的迭代次数过多、精度不高的不足,提出一种新的高性能的蚁群求解算法.算法将信息素更新和随机搜索机制的改进相融合.首先,基于对较优解的偏爱,采用Top-k策略从每次迭代的k个解中挖掘出对象间的关联距离;其次,以对象为信源借助关联距离建立信息素的扩散模型,通过信息素扩散的耦合补偿,强化了蚂蚁间的协作和交流;最后,利用一种简单的变异策略对迭代的结果进行优化.在通用数据集上的大量实验表明:与最新的蚁群算法相比,新算法不仅能获得更好的最优解,而且收敛速度有显著的提高.     

遗传蚁群算法的WSN移动代理路由算法研究

针对常用路由优化算法存在收敛速度慢、易陷入局部最优等难题,提出了一种遗传蚁群算法的WSN移动代理路由方法(GA-ACA)。首先利用遗传算法的全局搜索能力快速找到较优解,然后将较优解转换成蚁群算法的初始信息素,最后采用蚁群算法收敛速度快的优点,找到移动代理路由全局最优解。仿真结果表明,相对于其他移动代理路由算法,GA-ACA加快了收敛速度,能在更短的时间内找到最优移动代理路由,减少了平均能量消耗和网络延时,提高了WSN整体性能。     

结合ABC算法动态分级的双蚁态蚁群算法

针对蚁群算法收敛速度慢、易陷入局部最优等问题，结合人工蜂群算法的分级思想，提出动态分级的双蚁态蚁群算法。根据适应度不同，将蚁群划分为寻优蚁和侦查蚁，并执行不同加权系数的动态信息素更新策略：寻优蚁负责较优路径的搜索，执行较大权重的信息素更新策略，以增强其导向性，提高算法收敛速度。侦查蚁则负责探索非较优路径，发现其他更优解，以保证算法多样性。然后，每次迭代结束则两类蚂蚁进行优良解交换，以提高解的质量。以旅行商问题为例，将其与经典蚁群算法、最新蚁群改进算法以及其他最新优化算法进行对比，其表现皆更优。     

基于遗传算法和蚁群算法融合的QoS路由算法*

面向QoS路由问题,设计了一种基于遗传算法和蚁群算法融合的QoS路由算法(QoS routing algorithm according to the combination of the genetic algorithm and ant colony algorithm,GAACO_QoS).利用遗传算法生成初始解,将其转换为蚁群算法所需的信息素初值,然后利用蚁群算法求取最优解.设置遗传算法控制函数来控制遗传算法和蚁群算法融合的适当时机.通过与遗传算法以及蚁群算法的比较,进一步说明算法的有效性.     

遗传算法结合蚁群算法电力系统故障浅析

根据蚁群算法与遗传算法的特性,提出了与遗传算法混合的蚁群算法（G3A）：由遗传算法生成初始信息素分布,在蚁群算法寻优中,利用蚁群算法信息素轨迹更新求精确解,保持了遗传算法的全面搜索能力,从而获得在时间效率与精解效率都更优的一种新的启发式方法。     

融合奖惩学习策略的动态分级蚁群算法

为应对传统蚁群算法在解决旅行商问题(TSP)中求解精度不高、算法易早熟等问题,提出融合奖惩学习策略的动态分级蚁群算法(DHL-ACS).首先将蚁群动态划分为帝国蚁、殖民蚁及国王蚁,其中帝国蚁与殖民蚁执行局部信息素更新,国王蚁执行全局信息素更新,在局部信息素更新中帝国蚁执行较大权重系数,负责对较优解的开发增强算法导向性,殖民蚁执行较小权重系数,负责对次优解的探索保证算法多样性,并利用帝国蚁与殖民蚁交换优质解的方式提高解的精度.其次提出一种改进的学习策略,通过奖励帝国蚁与殖民蚁的公共路径以实现较优解的同化作用,进而提高算法收敛速度;进一步当算法停滞时,引入反馈算子来减少国王蚁路径上的信息素,以达到对较高信息素路径的惩罚作用,从而提高种群多样性,增强算法跳出局部最优能力.通过对多组TSP数据集实验对比分析,实验结果表明改进后的算法很好地平衡了收敛速度与多样性之间的关系,尤其应对大规模TSP问题,能有效改善解的精度.     

基于蚁群遗传算法的高校排课系统

传统的手工排课的方法在效率和合理度上存在较大的缺陷.而利用单纯的遗传算法和蚁群算法则存在着计算时间过长和易导致早熟收敛等缺点.为了解决问题,将蚁群算法与遗传算法相结合,结果发现使用蚁群遗传算法,可以有效地减少搜索空间,使种群在遗传过程按规则分区,在区间中喷洒信息素,染色适应度与种群区间交互,形成正反馈系统,驱动整个算法得到排课较优解.测试结果表明.蚁群遗传算法较大提高了高校排课系统中的效率和合理度.     

Formulation and parameter selection of multi-objective deterministic particle swarm for simulation-based optimization

Global derivative-free deterministic algorithms are particularly suitable for simulation-based optimization, where often the existence of multiple local optima cannot be excluded a priori, the derivatives of the objective functions are not available, and the evaluation of the objectives is computationally expensive, thus a statistical analysis of the optimization outcomes is not practicable. Among these algorithms, particle swarm optimization (PSO) is advantageous for the ease of implementation and the capability of providing good approximate solutions to the optimization problem at a reasonable computational cost. PSO has been introduced for single-objective problems and several extension to multi-objective optimization are available in the literature. The objective of the present work is the systematic assessment and selection of the most promising formulation and setup parameters of multi-objective deterministic particle swarm optimization (MODPSO) for simulation-based problems. A comparative study of six formulations (varying the definition of cognitive and social attractors) and three setting parameters (number of particles, initialization method, and coefficient set) is performed using 66 analytical test problems. The number of objective functions range from two to three and the number of variables from two to eight, as often encountered in simulation-based engineering problems. The desired Pareto fronts are convex, concave, continuous, and discontinuous. A full-factorial combination of formulations and parameters is investigated, leading to more than 60,000 optimization runs, and assessed by three performance metrics. The most promising MODPSO formulation/parameter is identified and applied to the hull-form optimization of a high-speed catamaran in realistic ocean conditions. Its performance is finally compared with four stochastic algorithms, namely three versions of multi-objective PSO and the genetic algorithm NSGA-II.     

Real-time dynamic optimization of batch systems

In this paper a methodology for designing and implementing a real-time optimizing controller for batch processes is proposed. The controller is used to optimize a user-defined cost function subject to a parameterization of the input trajectories, a nominal model of the process and general state and input constraints. An interior point method with penalty function is used to incorporate constraints into a modified cost functional, and a Lyapunov based extremum seeking approach is used to compute the trajectory parameters. The technique is applicable to general nonlinear systems. A precise statement of the numerical implementation of the optimization routine is provided. It is shown how one can take into account the effect of sampling and discretization of the parameter update law in practical situations. A simulation example demonstrates the applicability of the technique.     

Multiobjective optimization of trusses using genetic algorithms

In this paper we propose the use of the genetic algorithm (GA) as a tool to solve multiobjective optimization problems in structures. Using the concept of min–max optimum, a new GA-based multiobjective optimization technique is proposed and two truss design problems are solved using it. The results produced by this new approach are compared to those produced by other mathematical programming techniques and GA-based approaches, proving that this technique generates better trade-offs and that the genetic algorithm can be used as a reliable numerical optimization tool.     

云搜索优化算法

本文将云的生成、动态运动、降雨和再生成等自然现象与智能优化算法的思想融合,建立了一种新的智能优化算法-云搜索优化算法(CSO)。生成与移动的云可以弥漫于整个搜索空间,这使得新算法具有较强的全局搜索能力;收缩与扩张的云团在形态上会有千奇百态的变化,这使得算法具有较强的局部搜索能力;降雨后产生新的云团可以保持云团的多样性,这也是使搜索避免陷入局优的有效手段。实验表明,基于这三点建立的新算法具有优异的性能,benchmark函数最优值的计算结果以及与已有智能优化算法的比较展现了新算法精确的、稳定的全局求解能力。     

多元插值全局优化算法及其应用

本文介绍一种多元插值逼近和动态搜索轨迹相结合的全局优化算法.该算法大大减少了目标函数计算次数,寻优收敛速度快,算法稳定,且可获得全局极小,有效地解决了大规模非线性复杂动态系统的参数优化问题.一个具有8个控制参数的电力系统优化控制问题,采用该算法仅访问目标函数78次,便可求得最优控制器参数。     

An integrated approach to topology,sizing, and shape optimization

Topology optimization has become very popular in industrial applications, and most FEM codes have implemented certain capabilities of topology optimization. However, most codes do not allow simultaneous treatment of sizing and shape optimization during the topology optimization phase. This poses a limitation on the design space and therefore prevents finding possible better designs since the interaction of sizing and shape variables with topology modification is excluded. In this paper, an integrated approach is developed to provide the user with the freedom of combining sizing, shape, and topology optimization in a single process.     

Effects of dominant wolves in grey wolf optimization algorithm

Bio-inspired computation is one of the emerging soft computing techniques of the past decade. Although they do not guarantee optimality, the underlying reasons that make such algorithms become popular are indeed simplicity in implementation and being open to various improvements. Grey Wolf Optimizer (GWO), which derives inspiration from the hierarchical order and hunting behaviours of grey wolves in nature, is one of the new generation bio-inspired metaheuristics. GWO is first introduced to solve global optimization and mechanical design problems. Next, it has been applied to a variety of problems. As reported in numerous publications, GWO is shown to be a promising algorithm, however, the effects of characteristic mechanisms of GWO on solution quality has not been sufficiently discussed in the related literature. Accordingly, the present study analyses the effects of dominant wolves, which clearly have crucial effects on search capability of GWO and introduces new extensions, which are based on the variations of dominant wolves. In the first extension, three dominant wolves in GWO are evaluated first. Thus, an implicit local search without an additional computational cost is conducted at the beginning of each iteration. Only after repositioning of wolf council of higher-ranks, the rest of the pack is allowed to reposition. Secondarily, dominant wolves are exposed to learning curves so that the hierarchy amongst the leading wolves is established throughout generations. In the final modification, the procedures of the previous extensions are adopted simultaneously. The performances of all developed algorithms are tested on both constrained and unconstrained optimization problems including combinatorial problems such as uncapacitated facility location problem and 0-1 knapsack problem, which have numerous possible real-life applications. The proposed modifications are compared to the standard GWO, some other metaheuristic algorithms taken from the literature and Particle Swarm Optimization, which can be considered as a fundamental algorithm commonly employed in comparative studies. Finally, proposed algorithms are implemented on real-life cases of which the data are taken from the related publications. Statistically verified results point out significant improvements achieved by proposed modifications. In this regard, the results of the present study demonstrate that the dominant wolves have crucial effects on the performance of GWO.     

粒子群算法在组合优化问题上的研究与发展

粒子群优化算法是一种新兴的基于群智能搜索的优化技术。该算法简单、易实现、参数少,具有较强的全局优化能力,可有效应用于科学与工程实践中。介绍了算法的基本原理和算法在组合优化上一些改进方法的主要应用形式。最后,对粒子群算法作了一些深入分析并在此基础上对粒子群算法应用于组合优化问题做了一些总结。     

Value Creation in a Network: The Role of Pricing and Revenue Optimization and Enterprise Profit OptimizationTM

The Internet has created a virtual upheaval in the structural features of the supply and demand chains for most businesses. New agents and marketplaces have surfaced. The potential to create value and enhance profitable opportunities has attracted both buyers and sellers to the Internet. Yet, the Internet has proven to be more complex than originally thought. With information comes complexity: the more the information in real time, the greater the difficulty in interpretation and absorption. How can the value-creating potential of the Internet still be realized, its complexity notwithstanding? This paper argues that with the emergence of innovative tools, the expectations of the Internet as a medium for enhanced profit opportunities can still be realized. Creating value on a continuing basis is central to sustaining profitable opportunities. This paper provides an overview of the value creation process in electronic networks, the emergence of the Internet as a viable business communication and collaboration medium, the proclamation by many that the future of the Internet resides in “embedded intelligence”, and the perspectives of pragmatists who point out the other facet of the Internet—its complexity. The paper then reviews some recent new tools that have emerged to address this complexity. In particular, the promise of Pricing and Revenue Optimization (PRO) and Enterprise Profit Optimization^TM (EPO) tools is discussed. The paper suggests that as buyers and sellers adopt EPO, the market will see the emergence of a truly intelligent network—a virtual network—of private and semi-public profitable communities.     

A New Subdivision Algorithm for the Bernstein Polynomial Approach to Global Optimization

In this paper,an improved algorithm is proposed for unconstrained global optimization to tackle non-convex nonlinear multivariate polynomial programming problems.The proposed algorithm is based on the Bernstein polynomial approach.Novel features of the proposed algorithm are that it uses a new rule for the selection of the subdivision point,modified rules for the selection of the subdivision direction,and a new acceleration device to avoid some unnecessary subdivisions.The performance of the proposed algorithm is numerically tested on a collection of 16 test problems.The results of the tests show the proposed algorithm to be superior to the existing Bernstein algorithm in terms of the chosen performance metrics.