联合双边图像插值

传统的图像插值算法及其改进算法都存在边缘模糊、边缘锯齿或局部扭曲变形等问题。提出联合双边图像插值,首先采用传统插值算法对原始图像进行插值,将其结果作为导引图像对原始图像进行联合双边上采样,并给出其核函数方差的自适应确定算法。实验结果表明,与传统插值算法相比,该算法明显改进插值图像质量,与已有的绝大多数非线性改进算法相比还提高了插值速度。     

基于低层次计算机视觉的超分辨率图像重建

在基于低层次计算机视觉的超分辨率图像重建过程中,角点检测和插值是两个关键的技术。首先在SUSAN角点检测算法的基础上提出了改进算法,改进后的算法根据图块对比度的不同,在确定位于不同图块中的像素的USAN面积时采用了可变灰度阈值,可变灰度阈值的采用,使得检测出的角点分布更加均匀,而角点分布均匀则使得图像配准更加精确,有利于后期的重建工作。其次,提出了一种适合于超分辨率图像重建的插值算法:基于圆区域的自适应插值算法。该算法可以根据待插值点周围的灰度特征自适应决定插值策略,将线性插值、最邻近插值和中值插值法有机地结合在一起。大量的仿真实验证明了提出算法具有运算量小、图像重建后的效果出重,易于实现。     

改进的沃尔什图像插值方法

为了更好地进行快速插值,提出一种改进的沃尔什滤波器：首先研究了传统的Walsh变换及其性质,在此基础上推导出Walsh滤波模板的设计方法;其次由于Walsh模板仅有4×4大小,因此给出一种基于权值矩阵的拼合方法;最后,对上千幅图像进行测试,求解出最佳权值a=1.6,b=0.8。实验将5幅标准测试图像分为两组,分别进行1/2抽取与1/4抽取,得到的插值结果均表明算法的插值效果优于最近邻插值、三次插值、区域坐标三次插值法、Walsh插值。同时,时间分析表明,算法的运行时间与三次插值相当。     

图像插值的一个变指数变分模型

为了消除插值图像在边缘的锯齿现象、在平坦区域的分块现象,提出了一种变指数变分模型的图像插值方法。通过对变指数变分模型扩散特性的研究,引入了一个满足插值扩散特性的指数函数。指数函数中的两个参数实现两方面的功能：一个参数控制扩散强度从而减小图像边缘宽度,另一个控制平滑强度从而保持细小的纹理。这个新的变指数变分模型使总变差（TV）模型沿着图像轮廓方向扩散消除锯齿现象,而热扩散在图像平坦区域起光滑作用消除分块现象。数值实验结果显示,该方法能很好地重建插值图像的边缘。与Chen等的方法（CHEN Y M, LEVINE S, RAO M. Variable exponent, linear growth functionals in image restoration. SIAM Journal on Applied Mathematics, 2006, 66（4）： 1383-1406）以及鲁棒软决策插值方法相比,所提方法对细微纹理的保持有明显的视觉效果改善,平均结构相似度（MSSIM）指标提高0.03左右。该模型对进一步研究符合具体图像处理任务的变指数变分模型具有一定的探索意义,对图像网络传输、打印等具有很强的实际应用价值。     

An integrated method for satellite image interpolation

Many image interpolation methods have been developed to enhance the visibility of either remotely sensed or other images, such as the bilinear method and bi‐cubic method As a further development of the existing approaches, an integrated interpolation method is proposed in this study, which is an integration of the bilinear and the bi‐cubic interpolation methods. First, the implemented procedure of the integrated interpolation method is described. This covers (a) a low‐resolution image that is interpolated by using the bilinear and the bi‐cubic interpolators respectively; (b) the hybrid parameters ρ and 1?ρ endowed on the bilinear and the bi‐cubic interpolation results, respectively; (c) the interpolated image that is computed according to the weighted sum of both bilinear and bi‐cubic interpolation results. Second, a further discussion is given on the method and the relation between hybrid parameter and details of an image (entropy) provided from the theoretical point of view. The result demonstrates that the hybrid parameter directly affects the details of an interpolated image. Third, the effectiveness of this integrated method is verified, based on experimental studies. Here, a method for the construction of images with different entropies is developed for construct simulated images. The integrated method possesses advantages of both the bilinear method for modelling low‐frequency components and the bi‐cubic method of high‐frequency components simultaneously. The experimental study demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed integrated model.     

Interpolation of images using discrete wavelet transform to simulate image resizing as in human vision

This paper presents discrete wavelet transform (DWT) and its inverse (IDWT) with Haar wavelets as tools to compute the variable size interpolated versions of an image at optimum computational load. As a human observer moves closer to or farther from a scene, the retinal image of the scene zooms in or out, respectively. This zooming in or out can be modeled using variable scale interpolation. The paper proposes a novel way of applying DWT and IDWT in a piecewise manner by non-uniform down- or up-sampling of the images to achieve partially sampled versions of the images. The partially sampled versions are then aggregated to achieve the final variable scale interpolated images. The non-uniform down- or up-sampling here is a function of the required scale of interpolation. Appropriate zero padding is used to make the images suitable for the required non-uniform sampling and the subsequent interpolation to the required scale. The concept of zeroeth level DWT is introduced here, which works as the basis for interpolating the images to achieve bigger size than the original one. The main emphasis here is on the computation of variable size images at less computational load, without compromise of quality of images. The interpolated images to different sizes and the reconstructed images are benchmarked using the statistical parameters and visual comparison. It has been found that the proposed approach performs better as compared to bilinear and bicubic interpolation techniques.     

空间运动图像序列的跨尺度插值方法

提出跨尺度插值方法,获取高质量、高帧率和高分辨率的运动图像序列,以增强空间对接任务中图像的运动平滑性,流畅地再现空间图像运动细节。提出基于视觉对应的关注域探测方法,有效地缩小插值帧的预测范围,实现关注尺度改变;提出基于一致敏感哈希的帧插值方法,生成高质量的插值帧,实现帧率尺度改变;提出基于区域的运动序列插值方法,提高关注域插值细节,实现分辨率尺度改变。实验结果表明,相比于已有的方法,可取得更好的视觉效果和更高的客观评价指标值。     

基于量子行为粒子群优化算法的图像插值方法

传统图像插值方法简单,容易实现,但经过插值后的图像会增加一定的虚假内容，导致图像模糊。为提高插值图像的质量和图像的分辨率，提出一种基于量子行为粒子群优化（QPSO）算法的图像插值方法。该方法利用QPSO算法在以传统插值图像为基础形成的解空间中，寻找符合目标函数的最优高分辨率图像。实验证明，该方法实用、可行，且能得到质量较好的插值图像。     

An efficient image interpolation increasing payload in reversible data hiding

Image interpolation is a very important branch in image processing. It is widely used in imaging world, for example, image interpolation is often used in 3-D medical image to compensate for information insufficiency during image reconstruction by simulating additional images between two-dimensional images. Reversible data hiding has become significant branch in information hiding field. Reversibility allows the original media to be completely restored without any degradation after the embedded messages have been extracted. This study proposes a high-capacity image hiding scheme by exploiting an interpolating method called Interpolation by Neighboring Pixels (INP) on Maximum Difference Values to improve the performance of data hiding scheme proposed by Jung and Yoo. The proposed scheme offers the benefits of high embedding capacity with low computational complexity and good image quality. The experimental results showed that the proposed scheme has good performance for payload up to 2.28 bpp. Moreover, the INP yields higher PSNRs than other interpolating methods such as NMI, NNI and BI.     

Sub-pixel precision image matching for measuring surface displacements on mass movements using normalized cross-correlation

This study evaluates the performance of two fundamentally different approaches to achieve sub-pixel precision of normalised cross-correlation when measuring surface displacements on mass movements from repeat optical images. In the first approach, image intensities are interpolated to a desired sub-pixel resolution using a bi-cubic interpolation scheme prior to the actual displacement matching. In the second approach, the image pairs are correlated at the original image resolution and the peaks of the correlation coefficient surface are then located at the desired sub-pixel resolution using three techniques, namely bi-cubic interpolation, parabola fitting and Gaussian fitting. Both principal approaches are applied to three typical mass movement types: rockglacier creep, glacier flow and land sliding. In addition, the influence of pixel resolution on the accuracies of displacement measurement using image matching is evaluated using repeat images resampled to different spatial resolutions. Our results show that bi-cubic interpolation of image intensity performs best followed by bi-cubic interpolation of the correlation surface. Both Gaussian and parabolic peak locating turn out less accurate. By increasing the spatial resolution (i.e. reducing the ground pixel size) of the matched images by 2 to 16 times using intensity interpolation, 40% to 80% reduction in mean error in reference to the same resolution original image could be achieved. The study also quantifies how the mean error, the random error, the proportion of mismatches and the proportion of undetected movements increase with increasing pixel size (i.e. decreasing spatial resolution) for all of the three mass movement examples investigated.