基于粗集理论的决策表知识获取方法研究

对决策表各条件分类和决策分类集合之间的关系进行了研究，提出了直接从各分类中计算决策表核及属性约简方法：依据属性约简，创建了一个多变量决策树；在此基础上，阐述了提取决策表中蕴含规则的方法，从而省去了在约简后的决策表中计算值约简步骤；通过实例，验证了这些方法的有效性。     

基于矩阵的最简决策规则获取

获取决策表规则时,通常需要进行属性约简和属性值约简。该文分析属性值约简,针对协调决策表提出一种通过构造决策矩阵直接获取最简规则的方法。将原来考虑条件属性集和决策属性集决定的等价类之间的关系,转变为仅考虑决策矩阵同行元素之间的代数关系。通过实例验证了该方法的可行性。     

基于模糊聚类方法的决策表约简算法

根据决策规则在实际应用中的匹配思想,对数值型一致决策表提出了一种基于模糊聚类方法的决策表约简方法.该方法在保持决策表一致性的前提下,通过冗余度大小的调整,对具有相同决策的对象进行压缩,从而达到对决策表约简的目的.基于计算相关规则的直接分类法验证结果显示,它是有效和可行的.     

基于粗糙集理论的约简、决策规则与模式

粗糙集理论的概念性框架之一就是利用不可分辨关系和布尔推理作为数据约简和获取决策规则的基础.在分辨矩阵和决策矩阵概念的基础上,提出将约简分为4类,即信息表的对象约简、信息表的全局约简、决策表的对象约简和决策表的全局约简,其中决策表的对象约简对应决策规则.从模式的角度对约简和决策规则进行了分析,利用决策矩阵和决策函数,给出了获取最小决策规则的一种算法,上述结论可以作为设计启发式算法的基础,并用例子对结论进行了说明.     

一种基于分布约简的规则获取方法*

基于决策表分布约简定义规则的分布核与分布约简概念,提出一种基于分布约简的规则获取方法.首先确定条件类的分布核,进而采用启发式算法计算其分布约简,挖掘出最简产生式规则.该方法能适应决策表的不一致情形,且运用此方法所提取的规则集能够保持与原信息系统一致.     

新的决策表约简模型下的一种增量算法

新的约简模型将满足平均决策强度条件的最简规则集作为最终的约简结果,解决了不相容决策表约简结果不一致的问题。当前迫切需要解决的问题是,面对动态变化的决策表,如何高效地调整决策表的约简结果。文章提出了一种在新的约简模型下增量算法,该算法能根据决策表新增样本与原有的最简规则集的关系,快速推出新决策表的满足平均决策强度条件的最简规则集。     

一种基于决策规则支持度的值约简算法

基于决策规则的条件属性支持度和规则支持度,结合Apriori算法思想,本文提出了一种利用决策规则支持度对粗糙集中决策表进行值约简的算法。实例表明该算法可以有效地对决策表进行值约简。     

基于粗糙集理论的中央空调节能评测的研究

为提高中央空调节能评测方法的准确性和效率,提出了应用粗糙集理论的中央空调系统节能评测方法,解决了空调节能因素的属性约简问题和决策规则的不确定性问题.对中央空调系统原始参数进行聚类量化处理,构建出中央空调节能决策表;应用差别矩阵的方法计算决策表的核,求出决策表的最优或次优约简,找出影响中央空调节能的确定性因素和不确定性因素;利用确定性因子和覆盖因子确定决策规则集.示例结果表明应用粗糙集理论的空调节能评测方法科学有效、可行.     

基于先验概率的数据约简方法

探讨了决策规则的数据约简问题,对条件属性与决策属性在决策表中的概率关联给出了有关结论,推导出基于先验概率的决策规则冗余条件,从而获得基于先验概率的数据约简方法,并用应用实例进行了验证。     

不一致决策表的值约简方法

对目前求不一致决策表最简规则方法存在的问题进行了分析,提出了一种构造区分矩阵的方法,能更好地适用于多决策属性存在的决策表中.借助区分矩阵进行值约简,提出了一种新的规则提取算法.利用属性的重要度来描述条件属性所提供的知识对决策表的影响程度,引入规则准确度来衡量算法是否造成决策表的新的不一致规则.该算法不会破坏决策系统中一致规则和不一致规则所蕴含的信息量,保持约简前后规则的准确度不变.     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.     

The Distributed Time-Triggered Simulation Scheme: Core Principles and Supporting Execution Engine

Distributed real-time simulation is a young technology field but its practice is under increasing demands. In recent years the author and his collaborators have been establishing a new approach called the distributed time-triggered simulation (DTS) scheme which is conceptually simple and easy to use but widely applicable. The concept was initiated in the course of developing a new-generation object-oriented real-time programming scheme called the time-triggered message-triggered object (TMO) programming scheme. Some fundamental issues inherent in distributed real-time simulation that were learned during recent experimental studies are discussed along with some approaches for resolving the issues. An execution engine developed to support both the TMOs engaged in control computation and the TMOs engaged in DTS is also discussed along with its possible extensions that will enable significantly larger-scale DTSs.     

Software-Konfigurationsmanagement in großen Softwareprojekten

Zusammenfassung Mit zunehmender Größe der Softwaresysteme verschärfen sich die für die Software-Herstellung typischen Probleme: Beherrschen großer Objektmengen, Erhalten der Systemkonsistenz, Kontrolle der ständigen Änderungseinflüsse und Gewährleisten einer langen Lebensdauer. Die Disziplin Konfigurationsmanagement bildet den methodischen Ansatz, diese Probleme besser zu beherrschen. Software-Konfigurationsmanagement faßt die Herstellung von Softwaresystemen als eine Abfolge von kontrollierten Änderungen an gesicherten Zwischen- und Endergebnissen auf. Dargestellt werden die Objekte und Funktionen des Software-Konfigurationsmanagements sowie die hierfür in großen Software-Projekten benötigten Methoden, Instanzen und Hilfsmittel.     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and     

Editorial:Brain-machine interface(BMI) and cyborg intelligence

正Brain-machine interfaces(BMIs)aim at building a direct communication pathway between the brain and an external device,and represent an area of research where significant progress has been made during the past decade.Based on BMIs,mind information can be read out by neural signals to control     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate     

SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 57(2014)

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Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate