基于P-Laplace算子的小波域图像修补模型

本文研究如何利用不完整的小波系数来恢复原始图像. Chan, Shen 和 Zhou 已经提出了一种基于整体变分 (total variational, TV) 模型的小波域图像修补算法. TV 模型的主要优点是可以保持图像的边缘, 但该模型在平滑区容易产生阶梯效应, 使图像的修补效果不是很理想. 为了克服这个缺陷, 本文首先从局部坐标角度分析了TV模型与p-Laplace算子的物理意义, 从本质上说明了 p-Laplace 算子的扩散性能优于 TV 模型.然后给出了一种基于 p-Laplace 算子的小波域图像修补模型. 该模型不仅有效降低 TV 模型引入的阶梯效应, 而且能保持图像的边缘, 用较少的运算量得到比 TV 模型更好的修补效果. 实验结果表明, 该模型在运算时间和修补效果上都具有更好的综合性能.     

基于Sobel算子的小波去噪算法

文章在分析Sobel算子边缘锐化与小波边缘检测的基础上,提出了一种能保持图像边缘的去噪方法。对加噪图像进行平稳小波变换以后,在各尺度下利用Sobel算子对小波高频系数进行边缘锐化,采用局部模极大值进行边缘检测,对于非边缘小波系数采用小波阈值滤除。实验结果表明,该方法不仅能够滤除图像的噪声,而且能够保持图像的边缘。     

基于Sobel算子滤波的图像增强算法

针对传统图像增强算法对噪声比较敏感、图像失真和细节信息丢失等不足,提出一种基于Sobel算子滤波的图像增强算法。通过理想高通滤波和Sobel算子提取出边缘掩膜,再利用平滑滤波和拉普拉斯算子结合得到简单的细节增强图像。然后将其和掩膜相乘后,再与输入图像相加可得到效果较好的边缘细节增强图像。通过实验进行比较分析,评价结果显示,该方法得到图像的视觉效果相对原始图像和同态滤波都有明显的改善。实验结果验证了该方法的有效性,在增强图像边缘细节的同时,能够抑制噪声并保持图像的真实性。     

基于方向滤波的超声图像边缘增强

由于斑点噪声的存在,传统的边缘增强算子常常会强化超声图像的斑点噪声,降低对比分辨率。针对这种情况,提出基于方向滤波的超声图像边缘增强算法。算法首先进行斑点去噪,然后基于纹理分析进行图像分割,判定图像的强边缘、弱边缘及反射伪影,最后以方向滤波为基础,计算强边缘和弱边缘的局部方向,设计方向滤波器,根据图像的方向自适应选择滤波器进行滤波,增强图像边缘。实验结果表明,原超声医学图像得到有效增强,边缘细节得以保留。该算法能有效地提取需边缘增强区域,获得满意的组织边缘增强效果,同时图像的反射伪影部分保持不变。     

伪球滤波和边缘检测

提出了一种图像滤波器——伪球滤波器.在伪球滤波器中,除了尺度参数外,还引入了边缘保持参数,因而它能较好地解决传统滤波器的平滑性能与边缘定位精度之间的矛盾.以伪球滤波器取代经典Canny边缘检测算子中的高斯滤波器,得到一种基于伪球的边缘检测算子.模拟图像和真实图像的实验结果表明,与经典的Canny边缘检测算子相比,在具有相当平滑性的条件下,基于伪球的边缘检测算子对边缘定位具有更高的精度.     

图像平滑算子对边缘检测精度的影响

图像平滑算子的性能会直接影响到边缘检测的精度,并最终影响到边缘定位的精度,从而影响CCD摄像机的标定精度,所以通过实验对图像平滑算子和边缘检测算子进行了性能比较,可以看出中值滤波算子在保持良好的去噪性能基础上,与均值滤波相比能够很好地保持图像的边缘等细节,与图像间平均滤波相比能够节约时间、提高效率。与Canny算子相比,Sobel算子不但能够准确地检测出目标的边缘,而且具有很强的抗噪性,在检测直线边缘方面具有很强的优势,更加适合应用的需要。     

改进的各向异性扩散图像去噪算法

图像去噪是图像处理中的重要环节,经典的图像去噪算法,如中值滤波、高斯滤波和加权平均滤波等,去噪效果都不是很理想。传统方法在去除噪声的同时,会使图像的边缘也变得模糊。偏微分方程(PDE)是近年比较流行的图像处理方法,它具有各向异性的特点,在去除噪声的同时,能很好地保持图像的边缘。基于现有算法,提出了一种改进的去噪算法。将传统P-M算子中的固定边缘阈值改为随梯度模变化的自适应阈值,并结合图像结构张量构造一个扩散函数。在图像平坦区,改进的P-M模型具有各向同性的特点,有利于平滑噪声;而在图像边缘处,该模型只沿切线方向扩散,有利于保护图像细节。试验表明,改进的P-M模型能很好地改善图像去噪效果,同时也能很好地保持图像的边缘。     

基于形态学梯度的图像边缘检测算法

边缘检测是数字图像处理的一个重要内容,讨论了经典的边缘检测算子算法,该算法更多地采用Prewitt算子、LOG算子、Canny算子等在空域中进行。数学形态学在图像处理中有广泛的应用,其基本原理是基于利用结构元素去探测图像;在讨论常见数学形态学梯度的基础上,提出了一种基于形态学梯度的图像边缘检测算法,应用定义的形态学梯度结构检测出较理想的图像边缘信息。仿真结果表明,该算法在含噪图像中能得到较为理想的图像边缘信息,其抗噪声性能明显地优于经典的算子检测算法,在检测精度方面较经典的单一算子检测方法亦有一定的改善。     

常用边缘检测技术的对比

边缘检测是图像处理和计算机视觉中的基本问题,边缘检测的目的是标识数字图像中亮度变化明显的点.经典的边缘检测算法如canny算子等是通过计算图像中局部小区域的差分来实现边缘检测的.这类算子对噪声非常敏感,并且常常会在检测边缘的同时加强噪声.多尺度形态学边缘检测利用不同的结构元素去作用图像,通过形态腐性和形态膨胀操作,获得了效果很好的图像边缘检测算法.单尺度形态学梯度算子也能很好提检测图像边缘,但结构元素的选取对输出结果影响较大.通过使用多尺度形态学梯度算子,可以弥补结构元素的大小问题.仿真结果表明,该算法能得到较为理想的图像边缘信息,其抗噪声性能明显优于经典的算子检测算法.     

基于形态学梯度的图像边缘检测算法

边缘检测是数字图像处理的一个重要内容，讨论了经典的边缘检测算子算法，该算法更多地采用Prewitt算子、LOG算子、Canny算子等在空域中进行。数学形态学在图像处理中有广泛的应用，其基本原理是基于利用结构元素去探测图像；在讨论常见数学形态学梯度的基础上，提出了一种基于形态学梯度的图像边缘检测算法，应用定义的形态学梯度结构检测出较理想的图像边缘信息。仿真结果表明，该算法在含噪图像中能得到较为理想的图像边缘信息，其抗噪声性能明显地优于经典的算子检测算法，在检测精度方面较经典的单一算子检测方法亦有一定的改善。     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

Call for Papers The 6^th International Conference on Grid and Cooperative Computing

Recent years have seen rapid advances in various grid-related technologies, middleware, and applications. The GCC conference has become one of the largest scientific events worldwide in grid and cooperative computing. The 6th international conference on grid and cooperative computing (GCC2007) Sponsored by China Computer Federation (CCF),Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICT) and Xinjiang University ,and in Cooperation with IEEE Computer Soceity ,is to be held from August 16 to 18, 2007 in Urumchi, Xinjiang, China.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.     

The Distributed Time-Triggered Simulation Scheme: Core Principles and Supporting Execution Engine

Distributed real-time simulation is a young technology field but its practice is under increasing demands. In recent years the author and his collaborators have been establishing a new approach called the distributed time-triggered simulation (DTS) scheme which is conceptually simple and easy to use but widely applicable. The concept was initiated in the course of developing a new-generation object-oriented real-time programming scheme called the time-triggered message-triggered object (TMO) programming scheme. Some fundamental issues inherent in distributed real-time simulation that were learned during recent experimental studies are discussed along with some approaches for resolving the issues. An execution engine developed to support both the TMOs engaged in control computation and the TMOs engaged in DTS is also discussed along with its possible extensions that will enable significantly larger-scale DTSs.     

Software-Konfigurationsmanagement in großen Softwareprojekten

Zusammenfassung Mit zunehmender Größe der Softwaresysteme verschärfen sich die für die Software-Herstellung typischen Probleme: Beherrschen großer Objektmengen, Erhalten der Systemkonsistenz, Kontrolle der ständigen Änderungseinflüsse und Gewährleisten einer langen Lebensdauer. Die Disziplin Konfigurationsmanagement bildet den methodischen Ansatz, diese Probleme besser zu beherrschen. Software-Konfigurationsmanagement faßt die Herstellung von Softwaresystemen als eine Abfolge von kontrollierten Änderungen an gesicherten Zwischen- und Endergebnissen auf. Dargestellt werden die Objekte und Funktionen des Software-Konfigurationsmanagements sowie die hierfür in großen Software-Projekten benötigten Methoden, Instanzen und Hilfsmittel.     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and     

Editorial:Brain-machine interface(BMI) and cyborg intelligence

正Brain-machine interfaces(BMIs)aim at building a direct communication pathway between the brain and an external device,and represent an area of research where significant progress has been made during the past decade.Based on BMIs,mind information can be read out by neural signals to control     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate     

SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 57(2014)

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