共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 62 毫秒
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旋翼飞行机器人是面向空中自主作业需求,将旋翼飞行器与多自由度机械臂相结合所提出的新型机器人.该机器人作业过程中旋翼飞行器、机械臂与作业目标之间的动态相对运动以及与作业目标接触过程中未建模外力、力矩扰动使自主控制受到极大挑战.本文将针对旋翼飞行机器人的结构演变及关键技术、作业机构集成技术进行综述.从动力学建模及动力学特性分析、动态运动约束/力约束下的协调规划、非结构环境下的运动和作业控制、面向任务动态操作的环境感知、面向任务的实验系统构建与实验验证五个方面初步构建了旋翼飞行机器人自主作业理论体系. 相似文献
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文章提出了一种新的主动容错飞行控制系统设计方法,可同时进行飞控系统执行器的故障诊断和容错控制;首先建立飞机执行器故障模型,接着应用改进的BP神经网络算法,进行飞行控制系统模型辨识,实时进行故障诊断;然后根据故障诊断信息进行自适应容错控制,为了克服故障系统引起的模型误差和非线性因素的影响,设计了自适应神经网络PID参数整定和动态逆控制器,对飞行控制系统执行器故障进行容错控制,以实现系统的良好模型跟踪和动态性能;仿真结果表明,在保证闭环系统稳定的前提下,实现了执行器的在线故障诊断与容错控制,达到了理想的效果. 相似文献
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《工业控制计算机》2008,21(12)
由中科院沈阳自动化所机器人学国家重点实验室旋翼无人机组自主研发的15公斤负载级旋翼飞行机器人,日前在无锡某空域完成了全自主起飞、悬停、爬升、加减速、航迹跟踪、下降等飞行科目后,稳稳地降落在了预定位置,成功完成了全功能自主飞行。此次试飞标志着旋翼飞行机器人完成使命任务过程中已经实现不需要任何人为参与,为多项国家级项目的完成奠定了重要的基础。旋翼飞行机器人以其在多领域的潜在用途而受到国内外的普遍重视。但受其涉及多学科、系统复杂、技术封闭等影响,目前仅有美国、奥地利、瑞士等少数国家具备旋翼飞行机器人全功能自主飞行技术。此次试飞成功标志着沈阳自动化所在旋翼飞行机器人研究方面取得了重大突破。 相似文献
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多旋翼飞行机器人具有良好的飞行稳定性,受到了越来越多的关注.而在某些特殊应用中,如:从较大飞行器上实施空投、瞬态失稳恢复等,往往需要多旋翼飞行机器人从一个高度不稳定的非零初始状态安全、快速地切换到稳定飞行模态,这就是所谓的大范围镇定控制问题.解决该问题面临的主要困难是如何在调节过程中避免飞行机器人进入到输入饱和区,从而引起周期旋转运动,导致系统完全失控.本文针对该问题,以四旋翼飞行机器人为例,详细分析了控制输入约束形式,并对6自由度模型进行了适当简化,构建了二维平面下考虑控制输入约束的非线性动力学模型;在此基础上,基于控制Lyapunov函数概念,提出了一种改进的广义逐点最小范数控制策略,构建了输入约束下的四旋翼飞行机器人大范围镇定控制器.该方法具有明确的解析控制结构,所设计的控制器满足四旋翼飞行机器人的全部控制输入约束.仿真结果表明,对比常规的线性化控制策略,该方法能在考虑控制约束的前提下避免控制器失效,实现四旋翼飞行机器人的大范围渐进稳定. 相似文献
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This article presents an integrated fault diagnosis and fault-tolerant control (FTC) methodology for a class of nonlinear multi-input–multi-output systems. Based on the fault information obtained during the diagnostic procedure, an FTC component is designed to compensate for the effect of faults. In the presence of a fault, a baseline controller guarantees the boundedness of all the system signals until the fault is detected. After fault detection and then again after isolation, the controller is reconfigured to improve the tracking performance using online fault diagnostic information. Under certain assumptions, the stability and tracking performances of the closed-loop system are rigorously investigated. It is shown that the system signals always remain bounded and the output tracking error converges to a neighbourhood of the origin of the state space. 相似文献
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《International journal of systems science》2012,43(13):2552-2564
ABSTRACTIn this paper, the fault diagnosis (FD) and fault tolerant control (FTC) problems are studied for non-linear stochastic systems with non-Gaussian disturbance and fault. Unlike classical FD algorithms, the minimum entropy FD is adopted to minimise the residual entropy and control the shape of the probability density function (PDF) of the residual signal. The observation error system can be proved to be locally and ultimately bounded in the mean square sense. Since entropy can be used to characteriSe the uncertainty of the tracking error for non-Gaussian stochastic systems, the FTC controller is obtained by minimising the performance function with regard to the entropy of the tracking error in this paper. The PDF of the output tracking error is approximated by the B-spline model. An illustrative example is utilised to demonstrate the effectiveness of the FD and FTC algorithm, and satisfactory results have been obtained. 相似文献
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自适应容错控制出现了一些新进展及其代表性工作.首先,给出自适应容错控制的内涵;然后,将其分为四大类:基于故障参数估计的自适应容错控制,基于近似模型的自适应容错控制,基于多模切换与校正的自适应容错控制和直接自适应容错控制,重点论述了模型参考自适应容错控制;最后,提出了一些具有挑战性的问题. 相似文献
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Hristo Bojinov 《Artificial Intelligence》2002,142(2):99-120
We demonstrate how multiagent systems provide useful control techniques for modular self-reconfigurable (metamorphic) robots. Such robots consist of many modules that can move relative to each other, thereby changing the overall shape of the robot to suit different tasks. Multiagent control is particularly well-suited for tasks involving uncertain and changing environments. We illustrate this approach through simulation experiments of Proteo, a metamorphic robot system currently under development. 相似文献
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This paper investigates the attitude and position tracking control problem for Lead-Wing close formation systems in the presence of loss of effectiveness and lock-in-place or hardover failure. In close formation flight, Wing unmanned aerial vehicle movements are influenced by vortex effects of the neighbouring Lead unmanned aerial vehicle. This situation allows modelling of aerodynamic coupling vortex-effects and linearisation based on optimal close formation geometry. Linearised Lead-Wing close formation model is transformed into nominal robust H-infinity models with respect to Mach hold, Heading hold, and Altitude hold autopilots; static feedback H-infinity controller is designed to guarantee effective tracking of attitude and position while manoeuvring Lead unmanned aerial vehicle. Based on H-infinity control design, an integrated multiple-model adaptive fault identification and reconfigurable fault-tolerant control scheme is developed to guarantee asymptotic stability of close-loop systems, error signal boundedness, and attitude and position tracking properties. Simulation results for Lead-Wing close formation systems validate the efficiency of the proposed integrated multiple-model adaptive control algorithm. 相似文献
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针对连续控制系统,建立了由系统约束集、变量集和边集构成的二部图模型,提出了一种定性描述与定量分析相结合的故障诊断算法。该算法通过分离子系统,求解系统的关联矩阵及最大匹配,定义了描述变量与系统约束之间依赖关系的规则,并设计了关联矩阵分层算法,以此来计算控制系统残差。以一个线性系统为例,探讨了该算法的应用过程,并通过仿真实例验证了该算法的有效性。 相似文献
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A theoretical approach to force control design for industrial robots involved in surface-following tasks is described in this paper, assuming an infinitely stiff environment. Independent Joint Control techniques, based on standard (PID) algorithms, are adopted for position control. Force control acts as an outer loop, by adding a bias to the position set points in the joint space. A simple model and compensation of the joint flexibility effects, that play an important role in determining the dynamic behavior of the system, are also presented, leading to a force control decoupled from motion control. Some experimental results are discussed, with reference to the industrial robot SMART. 相似文献