增强的IEEE 802.16e节能机制

为了提高电池供电的宽带无线接入设备的能量效率,通过建立IEEE 802.16e休眠模式的马尔可夫分析模型,研究了体眠机制的能量效率,分析了功率损耗和数据包平均延时之间的关系,建议了一种动态算法来适应终端的随机化业务,理论分析和NS2仿真结果都表明建议的算法能在整个休眠模式中节省较多的终端能量.     

矿用终端节点能耗研究

通过分析CC2530的低功耗模式以及基于ZigBee协议的Z-Stack协议栈的休眠与唤醒机制,设计了一种基于CC2530的矿用无线传感器网络终端节点。采用基于福禄克万用表测量的实测方法,测试该终端节点的能耗,得出结论:终端节点与协调器建立连接时消耗的电流最大,在休眠与唤醒模式下电流消耗较小;终端节点的平均工作电流受发射功率影响较小;终端节点的休眠周期直接影响电流消耗,周期越长,则能耗越低。     

LTE无线系统终端省电机制研究

针对长期演进(LTE)系统恒功率休眠模式中存在的低业务、高功耗等缺点,提出一种变功率休眠算法。该算法可根据终端业务要求,动态改变休眠周期,以提高终端的待机时间,并以该算法为基础,探讨休眠状态终端的平均响应时间和平均功耗等问题。仿真实验表明,与恒功率休眠算法相比,该变功率休眠算法可以减少功耗6%~12%。     

IEEE802.16e的休眠模式性能评估与优化

IEEE802.16e终端具有移动性，导致其系统配置受限于电池容量。而休眠模式作为移动终端的必备功能，它能有效地管理有限的电池容量，延长移动终端的单次充电使用时间。该文回顾了IEEE802.16e移动终端休眠模式的3种功率节省类型，通过建模移动终端的休眠模式，研究了多种功率节省类型相组合的情况，探讨了休眠模式状态下移动终端的平均能量消耗和平均能量节省问题。通过系统模型仿真，提出了基于参数配置变化的休眠模式性能评估及优化的方法。     

计数器驱动的IEEE 802.16e休眠模式研究

为了降低移动终端的能量消耗以及对基站空口资源的占用,IEEE 802.16e标准定义了休眠模式。针对计数器驱动的休眠工作模式与IEEE 802.16e标准不能较好兼容的局限,提出了改进的计数器驱动休眠算法,建立马尔可夫链模型分析其性能,推导出平均时延、平均功耗与计数器门限值等参数之间的内在关系,在此基础上给出了不同QoS要求的连接所对应的参数设置方案。     

基于WirelessMAN-Advanced的休眠机制研究

Wireless MAN-Advanced即IEEE802.16m标准,为了节省移动终端的能量消耗问题,标准定义了休眠机制,如何在不影响服务质量的前提下节能能耗成为积极解决的问题。本文分析了休眠的机制,提出使用建立数学的排队模型来分析休眠的性能。     

IEEE802.16中基于非实时业务的节能算法

IEEE802.16系统中采用节能机制（PSM）来延长移动设备的电池使用寿命。针对非实时业务,IEEE802.16e和IEEE802.16m中的节能机制,通过令睡眠窗口指数倍增长来进行休眠,牺牲了大量的数据包响应时间来换取节能效果。为此,根据数据包到达的平均时间间隔,提出了一种动态设定移动终端（MS）睡眠周期的休眠算法nPSM。由基站（BS）在数据包到达时计算数据包平均到达间隔,并在下一次与移动终端通信过程中,通过下行数据包以捎带的方式将该信息传递给移动终端,作为后续休眠周期的长度。结合数学分析和仿真实验,验证了所提休眠算法相比现有针对非实时业务的节能算法,在低通信负载下,在减少数据包响应延时的同时提高了节能效果。     

基于隐藏终端的时隙802.15.4网络吞吐量研究

为了提高802.15.4网络吞吐量性能,设计了一种改进的节点状态转换过程,提出了一种考虑隐藏终端问题和重传的节点接入信道模型,并对模型进行分析计算。基于计算结果和信道状态模型分析,对考虑隐藏终端问题的数据碰撞概率、丢包率和网络吞吐量进行推导。最后研究了数据包到达率、退避指数和隐藏终端对网络吞吐量性能的影响。实验表明,模型较好地描述了节点接入信道过程,能够对网络吞吐量进行精准的动态分析。实验结果表明,与无重传机制的802.15.4网络相比,网络吞吐量增加了83.9%左右。与部分条件休眠的方法比较,网络吞吐量平均增加了13.3%,提出的模型能够有效提升网络吞吐量性能。     

缓存门限自适应调整的智能手机节能研究

为了解决LTE无线流媒体终端能量利用效率低的问题,提出一种新的基于动态缓存门限调整的流媒体传输控制算法(DBTA)。该算法根据监测到的网络带宽和流媒体编码率信息,对终端缓存区下限阈值做出自适应的调整,使缓存空间大小更契合当前带宽和流媒体编码率,提高了终端的休眠工作时间比,进而延长了终端的续航时间。仿真结果表明,该算法可有效解决LTE无线流媒体终端能耗过快的问题,最多可降低约22%的能耗。     

基于多条件休眠的802.15.4网络能耗优化方法

针对802.15.4网络能耗优化问题,提出了一种基于多条件休眠模式的媒体接入控制(MAC)层信道接入机制.首先,建立该机制的马尔可夫模型;然后,基于模型对网络主要状态的稳态概率和协议参数进行推导;其次,分析了节点在每个超帧内的平均能耗;最后,研究了数据包到达率、退避次数、超帧指数和最小退避指数对节点主要状态的稳态概率、能耗和节点生存时间的影响.实验结果表明,与节点无休眠态的802.15.4网络相比,节点能耗降低了84.4%左右;与部分条件休眠的方法比较,节点能耗平均降低了62.8%,网络存活时间平均提高了70%.模型较好地描述了提出的网络信道接入机制,合理的网络参数设置能够优化网络能耗性能,也为无线传感器网络(WSN)的实际应用提供能耗优化参考.     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.     

The Distributed Time-Triggered Simulation Scheme: Core Principles and Supporting Execution Engine

Distributed real-time simulation is a young technology field but its practice is under increasing demands. In recent years the author and his collaborators have been establishing a new approach called the distributed time-triggered simulation (DTS) scheme which is conceptually simple and easy to use but widely applicable. The concept was initiated in the course of developing a new-generation object-oriented real-time programming scheme called the time-triggered message-triggered object (TMO) programming scheme. Some fundamental issues inherent in distributed real-time simulation that were learned during recent experimental studies are discussed along with some approaches for resolving the issues. An execution engine developed to support both the TMOs engaged in control computation and the TMOs engaged in DTS is also discussed along with its possible extensions that will enable significantly larger-scale DTSs.     

Software-Konfigurationsmanagement in großen Softwareprojekten

Zusammenfassung Mit zunehmender Größe der Softwaresysteme verschärfen sich die für die Software-Herstellung typischen Probleme: Beherrschen großer Objektmengen, Erhalten der Systemkonsistenz, Kontrolle der ständigen Änderungseinflüsse und Gewährleisten einer langen Lebensdauer. Die Disziplin Konfigurationsmanagement bildet den methodischen Ansatz, diese Probleme besser zu beherrschen. Software-Konfigurationsmanagement faßt die Herstellung von Softwaresystemen als eine Abfolge von kontrollierten Änderungen an gesicherten Zwischen- und Endergebnissen auf. Dargestellt werden die Objekte und Funktionen des Software-Konfigurationsmanagements sowie die hierfür in großen Software-Projekten benötigten Methoden, Instanzen und Hilfsmittel.     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and     

Editorial:Brain-machine interface(BMI) and cyborg intelligence

正Brain-machine interfaces(BMIs)aim at building a direct communication pathway between the brain and an external device,and represent an area of research where significant progress has been made during the past decade.Based on BMIs,mind information can be read out by neural signals to control     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate     

SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 57(2014)

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Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate