无线多媒体传感器网络中的覆盖增强算法

针对无线多媒体传感器网络节点感知范围的视角性和方向性,提出了基于虚拟力和粒子群算法的覆盖增强算法.该算法通过传感器节点之间存在着的大小不等的引力或者斥力的虚拟力作用,调整传感器节点的位置,使网络中节点的分布合理和均匀;通过粒子群优化算法调整有向传感器节点的工作方向以达到覆盖的最大化.仿真实验结果表明,基于虚拟力和粒子群算法的覆盖增强算法能很好的提高网络的覆盖率.     

视频传感器网络中无盲区监视优化

针对监控区域存在障碍物的情况,从无线视频传感节点的有向感知特性出发,讨论了视频传感器网络覆盖效果与监控区域之间的相互关系.在此基础上,定义了视频传感器网络的无盲区覆盖模型.基于虚拟势场的工作原理,提出了一种适用于无盲区覆盖模型的覆盖率动态优化算法PFOFSA(potential field based occlusion-free surveillance algorithm).设计了PFOFSA中虚拟力的相互作用方法与监控节点运动规则,通过监控区域、重叠区域和遮挡区域之间的相互作用,逐步消除网络中的感知重叠区和盲区,优化视频无线传感器网络的覆盖率.最后,通过一系列的仿真实验分析了不同监控区域参数对PFOFSA算法的影响,验证了算法的有效性.     

基于自适应差分优化的改进虚拟力导向粒子群算法研究

为提高节点在无线传感器网络中的自部署性能,本文以虚拟力导向粒子群算法为基石,在部署区域内,采用正方形网格划分方式,并引入一种改进的自适应差分进化策略,对原算法进行改进。改进算法引入了移动目的地对移动节点的引力作用,并通过自适应调整,有目的的向扩大网络覆盖率的目标进化,从而最大限度地优化节点的部署速度和网络的覆盖率。通过对该算法的性能进行了仿真与分析,在网络覆盖率、算法收敛速度以及部署时间等方面,相比于经典虚拟力算法及虚拟力导向粒子群算法,该算法具有更佳的部署性能。     

基于混沌粒子群的有向传感器网络覆盖优化

研究有向传感器网络覆盖控制问题,全向传感器不能直接应用于有向传感器网络.为改善有向传感器网络覆盖性能,在分析有向感知模型的基础上,提出了应用混沌粒子群的有向传感器网络覆盖优化算法,可随机部署有向传感器网络,以网络区域覆盖率为优化目标,利用粒子群算法较快的收敛速度和混沌搜索的遍历性、随机性,通过调整传感器节点的主感方向,减少网络感知重叠区和感知盲区.仿真结果表明,改进算法能有效提高网络覆盖率.与基本粒子群等覆盖优化算法相比,改进算法覆盖优化性能更好.     

一种新的动态视觉传感器网络目标覆盖率算法*

动态视觉传感器网络目标覆盖研究中把目标点看成一个质心,而实际中存在物体直径可能大于视频节点半径、质心模型不适用的情况,针对此提出了一种新的动态视觉传感器目标物体覆盖率问题。基于此问题同时结合有向感知模型,提出有向线性感知模型,并基于该模型使用改进的粒子群优化算法对物体覆盖率进行仿真优化。仿真结果表明了该模型的有效性。     

多障碍场景的有向传感器网络覆盖优化算法

针对监控区域中存在障碍物的情况,引入一种避障策略,提出基于虚拟势场的传感器网络覆盖优化算法。该算法基于有向感知模型,通过重叠覆盖区域、有效覆盖区域和障碍物遮挡区域之间虚拟力的相互作用,调整节点的传感方向,逐步消除网络中的重叠覆盖区域和障碍物遮挡区域,并根据分布在边界区域的边界节点进行改进,通过在边界线上增加一个虚拟邻居节点,实现有向传感器网络的覆盖性能增强,并分析传感器参数对覆盖率的影响。仿真结果表明,在有障碍物的情况下,该算法可有效提高网络覆盖率。     

有向传感器网络覆盖增强研究

为提高视频传感器网络的感知覆盖率,基于有向传感器感知模型,提出一种利用Voronoi图的视频传感器网络覆盖增强算法。该算法采用质心替代节点扇形感知区域并构造Voronoi图,通过调整节点感知方向对代替扇形感知区域的质心进行均匀分布,以消除网络中感知重叠区和盲区,提高整个有向传感器网络覆盖率。仿真结果表明,该算法能够有效提高网络覆盖率并能快速收敛。     

基于空间权重与模糊感知的节点部署策略

为提高环境监测应用中节点部署的准确性,提出一种基于空间权重与模糊感知的粒子群优化算法。引入空间权重量化区域重要性,建立模糊感知模型描述节点感知性能,设计加权覆盖率作为算法评价函数。在此基础上,挖掘感知模型中的粒子飞行特性,并利用权重引力优化粒子进化方程,提高算法的寻优能力。仿真结果表明,与粒子群优化算法、虚拟力算法和外推人工蜂群算法相比,该算法最高可使目标覆盖率提升13%,节点数减少15%。     

基于虚拟力算法的WMSNs覆盖研究

为了提高无线多媒体传感器网络（WMSNs）区域覆盖率,在传感器节点随机部署后,通过调节传感器节点的感知方向,使节点从感知重叠区域向覆盖盲区转动,提高网络覆盖率。针对现有算法中存在覆盖效率和覆盖率不能统一的问题,提出一种改进的虚拟力覆盖算法（VFARCR）,该算法利用传感器节点感知扇形区域质心点间的斥力调节感知方向,且通过传感器节点间的覆盖冗余度的决定方向调整的大小,虚拟力和覆盖冗余度共同控制传感器的转动。仿真实验表明：该算法提高了覆盖效率和覆盖效果,提高了虚拟力覆盖算法的性能。     

基于微粒群优化的有向传感器网络覆盖增强算法

覆盖作为无线传感器网络监测中的基础问题反映了无线传感器网络的感知服务质量.在分析节点主感知方向可调模型的基础上,提出了一种微粒群优化的有向传感器网络覆盖增强算法.该算法针对节点主感知方向设计微粒适应值函数和种群进化策略, 以区域覆盖率为优化目标,通过微粒群优化有效调整传感器节点的主感知方向,从而达到有向传感器网络的覆盖增强.实验验证了算法的有效性.     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.     

The Distributed Time-Triggered Simulation Scheme: Core Principles and Supporting Execution Engine

Distributed real-time simulation is a young technology field but its practice is under increasing demands. In recent years the author and his collaborators have been establishing a new approach called the distributed time-triggered simulation (DTS) scheme which is conceptually simple and easy to use but widely applicable. The concept was initiated in the course of developing a new-generation object-oriented real-time programming scheme called the time-triggered message-triggered object (TMO) programming scheme. Some fundamental issues inherent in distributed real-time simulation that were learned during recent experimental studies are discussed along with some approaches for resolving the issues. An execution engine developed to support both the TMOs engaged in control computation and the TMOs engaged in DTS is also discussed along with its possible extensions that will enable significantly larger-scale DTSs.     

Software-Konfigurationsmanagement in großen Softwareprojekten

Zusammenfassung Mit zunehmender Größe der Softwaresysteme verschärfen sich die für die Software-Herstellung typischen Probleme: Beherrschen großer Objektmengen, Erhalten der Systemkonsistenz, Kontrolle der ständigen Änderungseinflüsse und Gewährleisten einer langen Lebensdauer. Die Disziplin Konfigurationsmanagement bildet den methodischen Ansatz, diese Probleme besser zu beherrschen. Software-Konfigurationsmanagement faßt die Herstellung von Softwaresystemen als eine Abfolge von kontrollierten Änderungen an gesicherten Zwischen- und Endergebnissen auf. Dargestellt werden die Objekte und Funktionen des Software-Konfigurationsmanagements sowie die hierfür in großen Software-Projekten benötigten Methoden, Instanzen und Hilfsmittel.     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and     

Editorial:Brain-machine interface(BMI) and cyborg intelligence

正Brain-machine interfaces(BMIs)aim at building a direct communication pathway between the brain and an external device,and represent an area of research where significant progress has been made during the past decade.Based on BMIs,mind information can be read out by neural signals to control     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate     

SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 57(2014)

正~~     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate