基于动态符号执行的二进制程序缺陷发现系统

以对二进制程序进行自动化缺陷发现为目标, 基于软件虚拟机的动态二进制翻译机制和污点传播机制, 对符号计算需要关注的程序运行时语义信息提取、中间语言符号计算等机制进行了研究, 改进了传统动态符号执行的路径调度部分, 分析了程序缺陷的符号断言表达形式, 构建了一个在线式的动态符号执行系统检测二进制程序中的缺陷。实验验证了该方法在实际程序缺陷发现中的有效性。     

网络漏洞扫描器的设计

网络安全问题已经引起人们的广泛关注,并成为当今网络技术研究的重点.本文阐述了一种网络漏洞扫描系统,该系统采用C/S模型结构,服务器端的扫描程序以独立的插件形式执行,客户端用来配置管理服务器端,通过请求服务端进程实现对指定目标对象的扫描检测,最终得到分类漏洞的扫描报告.     

SymFuzz:一种复杂路径条件下的漏洞检测技术

当前漏洞检测技术可以实现对小规模程序的快速检测,但对大型或路径条件复杂的程序进行检测时其效率低下。为实现复杂路径条件下的漏洞快速检测,文中提出了一种复杂路径条件下的漏洞检测技术SymFuzz。SymFuzz将导向式模糊测试技术与选择符号执行技术相结合,通过导向式模糊测试技术对程序路径进行过滤,利用选择符号执行技术对可能触发漏洞的路径进行求解。该技术首先通过静态分析获取程序漏洞信息;然后使用导向式模糊测试技术,快速生成可以覆盖漏洞函数的测试用例;最后对漏洞函数内可以触发漏洞的路径进行符号执行,生成触发程序漏洞的测试用例。文中基于AFL与S2E等开源项目实现了SymFuzz的原型系统。实验结果表明,SymFuzz与现有的模糊测试技术相比,在复杂路径条件下的漏洞检测效果提高显著。     

基于符号执行的缓冲区溢出漏洞自动化利用

软件规模与数量的快速增长给软件安全研究带来了严峻的挑战,以人工方式分析漏洞已难以完成漏洞危害性的评估。分析缓冲区溢出漏洞的形成原理,提出一种缓冲区溢出漏洞自动化利用方法。该方法采用符号执行检测漏洞,为缓解符号执行中状态爆炸问题,使用危险函数切片减少状态数量。对于检测到的漏洞,通过构建约束表达式和约束求解自动生成exploit。针对进程中不存在空间足够的可控内存块的情况,以shellcode分段存放的方式利用漏洞。实验结果表明,该方法可有效缓解符号执行路径爆炸问题,自动检测漏洞并生成适用性较好的exploit。     

面向源代码的软件漏洞静态检测综述

软件静态漏洞检测依据分析对象主要分为二进制漏洞检测和源代码漏洞检测。由于源代码含有更为丰富的语义信息而备受代码审查人员的青睐。针对现有的源代码漏洞检测研究工作，从基于代码相似性的漏洞检测、基于符号执行的漏洞检测、基于规则的漏洞检测以及基于机器学习的漏洞检测4个方面进行了总结，并以基于源代码相似性的漏洞检测系统和面向源代码的软件漏洞智能检测系统两个具体方案为例详细介绍了漏洞检测过程。     

网络漏洞扫描系统的研究与设计

网络漏洞扫描系四类重要安全工具之一,介绍了其基本概念,并在此基础上提出一个网络漏洞扫描系统模型,该系统的客户端采取远程登录、申请漏洞扫描,然后服务器端启动扫描引擎对目标系统进行扫描。该系统高效、准确、可扩展。     

面向危险操作的动态符号执行方法

针对缺陷检测的需求,提出了面向危险操作的动态符号执行方法.依据所关注的缺陷类型,定义危险操作及危险操作相关路径,通过计算覆盖不同上下文中危险操作的能力,协助动态符号执行选择高效初始输入,并利用危险操作相关信息引导测试流程.缺陷检测成为定位待测程序内危险操作以及对危险操作相关路径进行检测的过程.实现了面向Linux平台二进制可执行程序的原型系统CrashFinder,实验结果表明,该方法能够更快地发现更多缺陷.     

一种新型网络安全评估方案

本文采用网络安全评估的数学方法,提出了一种基于漏洞检测技术的网络安全评估方案。本方案由客户端与评估服务器端组成,客户端定制并提交扫描任务,服务器端执行扫描任务,并将结果返回给客户端,客户端以收到的扫描结果为输入,采用合适的算法对目标系统的安全性能进行评估,整个系统架构由扫描配置模块、扫描控制模块、结果输出模块、漏洞库组成。最后通过采用复杂综合评判法来评估系统的脆弱性。     

“二进制审核”方式的缓冲区溢出漏洞挖掘

提出一种在二进制环境下挖掘缓冲区溢出漏洞的方法。结合动态与静态挖掘技术对二进制环境下的程序作进一步的漏洞查找.静态方法主要对二进制程序中函数栈帧的特征和汇编语句的内在语义关系进行分析,动态模拟方法为程序和函数提供了一个虚拟的运行环境,使程序在运行过程中结合一些静态特性得到该函数缓冲区变量的内存读写语义,最终判定程序中是否有缓冲区溢出。     

基于TCP/IP协议和多线程的通信软件的设计与实现

为实现船舶导航监控系统可靠的数据传输,通信软件服务器端利用多线程技术实现了与通信运营商转发中心和客户端的网络通信,完成了数据采集和解析功能.通信软件客户端可以与服务器建立连接并接收实时二进制数据,解析后以数据表格形式显示.重点探讨了客户端/服务器模式下基于TCP/IP协议通信的多线程实现过程,并利用时序图和活动图进行具体描述.讨论了在软件安装调试过程中如何解决客户端死机问题和客户端数据与服务器不同步、且数据过少的问题.该软件已交付使用,运行稳定可靠.     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

Call for Papers The 6^th International Conference on Grid and Cooperative Computing

Recent years have seen rapid advances in various grid-related technologies, middleware, and applications. The GCC conference has become one of the largest scientific events worldwide in grid and cooperative computing. The 6th international conference on grid and cooperative computing (GCC2007) Sponsored by China Computer Federation (CCF),Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICT) and Xinjiang University ,and in Cooperation with IEEE Computer Soceity ,is to be held from August 16 to 18, 2007 in Urumchi, Xinjiang, China.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.     

The Distributed Time-Triggered Simulation Scheme: Core Principles and Supporting Execution Engine

Distributed real-time simulation is a young technology field but its practice is under increasing demands. In recent years the author and his collaborators have been establishing a new approach called the distributed time-triggered simulation (DTS) scheme which is conceptually simple and easy to use but widely applicable. The concept was initiated in the course of developing a new-generation object-oriented real-time programming scheme called the time-triggered message-triggered object (TMO) programming scheme. Some fundamental issues inherent in distributed real-time simulation that were learned during recent experimental studies are discussed along with some approaches for resolving the issues. An execution engine developed to support both the TMOs engaged in control computation and the TMOs engaged in DTS is also discussed along with its possible extensions that will enable significantly larger-scale DTSs.     

Software-Konfigurationsmanagement in großen Softwareprojekten

Zusammenfassung Mit zunehmender Größe der Softwaresysteme verschärfen sich die für die Software-Herstellung typischen Probleme: Beherrschen großer Objektmengen, Erhalten der Systemkonsistenz, Kontrolle der ständigen Änderungseinflüsse und Gewährleisten einer langen Lebensdauer. Die Disziplin Konfigurationsmanagement bildet den methodischen Ansatz, diese Probleme besser zu beherrschen. Software-Konfigurationsmanagement faßt die Herstellung von Softwaresystemen als eine Abfolge von kontrollierten Änderungen an gesicherten Zwischen- und Endergebnissen auf. Dargestellt werden die Objekte und Funktionen des Software-Konfigurationsmanagements sowie die hierfür in großen Software-Projekten benötigten Methoden, Instanzen und Hilfsmittel.     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and     

Editorial:Brain-machine interface(BMI) and cyborg intelligence

正Brain-machine interfaces(BMIs)aim at building a direct communication pathway between the brain and an external device,and represent an area of research where significant progress has been made during the past decade.Based on BMIs,mind information can be read out by neural signals to control     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate     

SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 57(2014)

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