基于证据推理的确定因子规则库推理方法

不确定性推理方法是人工智能领域的一个主要研究内容,If-then规则是人工智能领域最常见的知识表示方法. 文章针对实际问题往往具有不确定性的特点,提出基于证据推理的确定因子规则库推理方法.首先在If-then规则的基础上给出确定因子结构和确定因子规则库知识表示方法,该方法可以有效利用各种类型的不确定性信息,充分考虑了前提、结论以及规则本身的多种不确定性. 然后,提出了基于证据推理的确定因子规则库推理方法. 该方法通过将已知事实与规则前提进行匹配,推断结论并得到已知事实条件下的前提确定因子;进一步,根据证据推理算法得到结论的确定因子. 文章最后,通过基于证据推理的确定因子规则库推理方法在UCI数据集分类问题的应用算例,说明该方法的可行性和高效性.     

基于概念格的数据驱动不确定知识获取

在没有领域先验知识的条件下,不确定知识获取是机器学习研究中的一个难题.本文利用决策表和决策规则的不确定性,通过分析决策表、决策规则及概念格的知识表示形式,发现这3种知识表示形式中知识不确定性之间的关系,进而提出基于概念格的数据驱动不确定知识获取算法.仿真实验结果表明,该算法在不确定性知识获取中是有效的.     

一种不确定性条件下的自适应知识学习方法

通过研究决策表和决策规则的不确定性，分析了由不分明关系划分的粒度引起的规则不确定性的两个方面，即不一致性和随机性，建立基于信息熵和粗糙集表示的不确定性信息度量的方法．利用该方法计算决策表局部最小确定性，并以此为阈值来控制规则集生成的数量，避免不必要的冗余规则的生成．同时结合Skowron的缺省规则获取算法，实现了没有领域先验知识条件下的不确定知识的自适应学习过程．试验结果表明．阈值的选取是合理的，在保持较高的决策正确率的同时，有效地控制了规则集的生成．     

变电站智能告警专家系统的不确定性知识表示

在变电站智能告警专家系统中,针对业务知识的不确定性和复杂性,文中设计了一种不确定性知识的表示方法,可以使采用该方法构建的知识库更有利于推理机的推理和知识库的自学习。该方法根据领域知识将变电站信号进行分层分类,以子知识库的形式进行知识的组织,克服了知识的复杂性。而且它采用一种模糊产生式表示业务知识,将模糊推理规则映射为模糊产生式,解决了知识的不确定性问题。实验分析表明,该方法适合进行变电站关联信号的告警推理,结合系统对知识的自学习机制,可以有效降低告警的差错率和虚警率。     

基于模糊Petri网的三值产生式知识表示及推理

针对传统产生式规则无法进行不确定性知识表示和推理的局限,本文使用三值产生式规则,用-1表示前提、结论和它们之间的不确定性,提出一种基于模糊Petri网的三值产生式知识表示和不确定性推理算法.该算法充分利用推理过程中已得到的中间结论,通过标识和关联矩阵的运算实现高速推理.     

不确定模式集成中领域知识应用模型的研究

结合关系模型、产生式规则和自主计算三者的优点,提出了一个任务驱动的自主推理的动态领域知识应用模型。在该模型中,将领域知识按需要进行聚类,根据任务进行规则映射和推理模块中不同处理器的选择,运用证据组合方法合并各处理阶段的不确定度,采用基于自适应控制策略的自主计算技术进行知识推理。推理结果被应用到不确定模式集成模型的其他模块中,辅助解决模式集成中存在的不确定性问题。经实例验证该模型是可行的。     

基于场景及规则获取模板的知识获取方法

产生式规则作为知识库系统进行推理的常用的、可读性好的知识表示形式,在构建知识库系统时有极大的优越性.提出一种基于场景及规则获取模板的知识获取方法,并以某高分子复合材料的加工专家为知识获取对象.该方法通过分析、记录领域专家进行设计的过程、解决问题的过程和动作,将领域问题按层次细化为一系列子问题,并在子问题场景下结合场景模型及知识获取模板来获取规则性知识.采用该方法可以辅助领域专家在明晰领域知识结构的基础上,逐步挖掘领域中细粒度的规则性知识.     

基于用户偏好的多信息知识管理研究

针对网络CAPP环境下的多信息模式管理的需要,提出一种基于用户偏好的多通道用户整合算法的知识发现模式.论述了利用知识单元对领域知识进行组织和不确定性工艺决策知识描述方法等关键技术.应用结果表明,它有利于工艺知识的隐式知识发现,有利于工艺知识的查询和重用,对提高工艺设计的质量有较好的支持作用.     

基于模糊推理的多智能体强化学习

以电子市场智能定价问题为研究背景,提出基于模糊推理的多智能体强化学习算法(FI-MARL).在马尔科夫博弈学习框架下,将领域知识初始化为一个模糊规则集合,智能体基于模糊规则选择动作,并采用强化学习来强化模糊规则.该方法有效融合应用背景的领域知识,充分利用样本信息并降低学习空间维数,从而增强在线学习性能.在电子市场定价的...     

船舶柴油机供油提前角云控制模型研究

船舶柴油机作为船舶动力装置,对航运经济有非常重要的支持作用.但是,由其产生的排放污染不容忽视,而且越来越为严重.云是语言值表示的某个定性概念与其定量表示之间的不确定性转换模型.基于云模型的定性知识推理,以概念为基本表示,从数据库中挖掘出定性知识,构造规则发生器.多条定性规则构成规则库,当输入一个特定的条件激活多条定性规则时,通过推理引擎,实现带有不确定性的推理和控制.通过将云控制技术应用于船舶柴油机供油提前角的控制,从而达到控制NOx排放量的目的.并经仿真验证了该方法的正确性.     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.     

The Distributed Time-Triggered Simulation Scheme: Core Principles and Supporting Execution Engine

Distributed real-time simulation is a young technology field but its practice is under increasing demands. In recent years the author and his collaborators have been establishing a new approach called the distributed time-triggered simulation (DTS) scheme which is conceptually simple and easy to use but widely applicable. The concept was initiated in the course of developing a new-generation object-oriented real-time programming scheme called the time-triggered message-triggered object (TMO) programming scheme. Some fundamental issues inherent in distributed real-time simulation that were learned during recent experimental studies are discussed along with some approaches for resolving the issues. An execution engine developed to support both the TMOs engaged in control computation and the TMOs engaged in DTS is also discussed along with its possible extensions that will enable significantly larger-scale DTSs.     

Software-Konfigurationsmanagement in großen Softwareprojekten

Zusammenfassung Mit zunehmender Größe der Softwaresysteme verschärfen sich die für die Software-Herstellung typischen Probleme: Beherrschen großer Objektmengen, Erhalten der Systemkonsistenz, Kontrolle der ständigen Änderungseinflüsse und Gewährleisten einer langen Lebensdauer. Die Disziplin Konfigurationsmanagement bildet den methodischen Ansatz, diese Probleme besser zu beherrschen. Software-Konfigurationsmanagement faßt die Herstellung von Softwaresystemen als eine Abfolge von kontrollierten Änderungen an gesicherten Zwischen- und Endergebnissen auf. Dargestellt werden die Objekte und Funktionen des Software-Konfigurationsmanagements sowie die hierfür in großen Software-Projekten benötigten Methoden, Instanzen und Hilfsmittel.     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and     

Editorial:Brain-machine interface(BMI) and cyborg intelligence

正Brain-machine interfaces(BMIs)aim at building a direct communication pathway between the brain and an external device,and represent an area of research where significant progress has been made during the past decade.Based on BMIs,mind information can be read out by neural signals to control     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate     

SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 57(2014)

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Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate