基于马尔柯夫链的MAC层协议性能及仿真研究

针对传统的移动自组网(Adhoc)MAC层协议不能同时兼顾节约能量和提高网络吞吐量的问题,在现有PEMAC协议的基础上,为提高网络传输率和节约能耗,提出了一种改善MAC层协议性能的算法.算法思想是在相同的网络环境和随机的数据碰撞概率下,利用马尔柯夫(Markov)链模型进行分析,得出网络的平均能量维持时间,并在参数一定的条件下利用捕获效应提高了网络吞吐量.有效地解决了能量和吞吐量的平衡问题,仿真结论证明了改进方法可提高网络的性能.     

基于Max-Min模型的无线体域网路由协议

针对无线体域网(WBAN)节点能量的有限性,基于多径路由机制和Max-Min模型提出了一种能效路由协议。该路由协议在路由过程中使剩余能量最小的节点的剩余能量尽可能大,从而均衡了网络中节点的能耗,延长了网络生存时间。通过MATLAB对该路由协议进行仿真,并与基于Min模型的路由协议进行对比,结果表明,基于Max-Min模型的路由协议相对于基于Min模型的路由协议能够更好地均衡节点的能耗,并延长网络生存时间。     

无线传感器/执行器网络中能量有效的实时分簇路由协议

无线传感器/执行器网络(WSANs)主要应用于自动控制领域,实时性问题是其面临的首要挑战.根据实际环境中的节点部署情况,建立了系统模型;研究了分簇策略与功率控制技术对于自组织网络实时性的影响,提出了一种可适用于WSANs的能量有效的实时分簇路由协议--RECRP协议.该协议采用二级成簇策略使网络中的各类节点稳定分簇.分簇后的各类节点具有不同发射功率,利用执行器节点的强大通信能力有效降低网络延时.采用能量有效性算法使网络中的传感器节点轮换担任簇首,从而使网络能量均匀消耗,延长网络的生存时间.实验结果证明,在WSANs中RECRP协议可使网络稳定分簇,并且在网络的实时性与能量有效性方面与现有典型路由协议相比具有更优越的性能.     

一种高能效无线传感器网络MAC协议研究

为了解决无线传感器网络中MAC层空闲侦听、冲突和控制开销所带来的无效功耗等问题,提出了一种高能效无线传感器网络动态非等分时隙MAC新方法;该方法依据网络拓扑和监测类型分析了覆盖率模型,设计了通过选举最低剩余能量节点为休眠节点的动态选举算法,推导得到了非等分配时隙协议的算法公式,同时,采用簇内单向广播的时钟同步算法保证了网络节点拥有相同的时间基准;在无线传感器测试床上进行仿真对比实验,结果表明该方法较好地实现了动态调节工作节点数量和非等分传输时隙的协议功能,MAC层的能量有效性显著提高;该方法可有效使用网络能量,延长网络生命周期,是一种高能效的无线传感器网络MAC协议。     

基于蚁群算法的无线自组网络能量控制路由研究

在深入分析现有路由协议的基础上,提出了一种基于蚁群算法的能量控制路由模型。首先分析网络特性,建立节点移动和能量消耗数学模型;然后,建立基于蚁群算法的能量控制路由模型,通过计算节点剩余能量和节点度等确定数据传输过程中节点被选择的概率;最后选择高概率节点作为中间节点进行数据转发。仿真结果显示:相比典型的DSR路由协议,该算法可以为网络提供能量保障,延长网络生存时间,弥补已有算法的不足。     

基于能量约束的Ad Hoc网络混合路由协议

当前Ad Hoc网络混合路由协议对于节点的能耗问题没有很好的解决方案,从而限制了该协议的应用.针对这一问题,提出了利用节点的剩余能量来决定TC信息传播距离的AODV与OLSR混合路由协议ECAOHR.通过这种方式,可以使节点在能量较低时,在保持网络连通性的同时更少地参与网络维护.理论分析和仿真研究表明,该方法能有效提高网络的生存时间和吞吐量.     

一种节能的Ad hoc网络路由协议

针对Ad hoc网络中移动节点能量有限的问题,综合考虑节点剩余能量和节点能量消耗速率两方因素,提出一种基于节点生存时间的路由算法MRL（Maximum Routing Life）。通过估算节点使用寿命,选择生存时间最长的路由,均衡移动网络中各节点的能量。引入NS能量模型,与Ad hoc网络中典型路由协议进行比较;仿真结果表明,与传统路由协议相比,新的路由协议有效地提高了Ad hoc网络性能。     

基于能量感知的无线传感器网络层次型路由协议

为了有效平衡负载,满足大规模网络的需要,提出了一种基于能量感知的无线传感器网络层次型路由协议。该协议基于能量消耗模型,根据节点与基站的距离将网络中的节点划分为不同的层次。每层次内的节点轮流当选负责收集该层内所有节点数据的汇聚节点。汇聚节点的数据逐层转发和聚合,最后传送到剩余能量较大的一个汇聚节点——超节点,由其将数据发送到基站。汇聚节点变迁、超节点变迁机制用于均衡节点能量消耗,延长网络生命周期。NS2仿真结果表明,该协议可以有效节省能量,延长网络生存时间。     

一种能量高效无线传感器网络路由协议的设计

在无线传感器网络中提高节点能量问题的研究中,首先对无线传感器网络经典的分簇路由协议LEACH进行分析,针对LEACH中存在的少能量节点,或者偏远节点选为簇头节点,容易导致节点加快死亡、网络能量利用率降低的问题,通过改变簇头选择策略,综合考虑节点剩余能量和地理位置等参数的方法,提出一种新的路由协议,避免选取少能量节点为簇头.经NS2的仿真结果表明,提高了网络能量利用率.能量高效LEACH协议比LEACH原协议延长了28%的网络生存时间,并对延迟了第一节点死亡(FND)时间27%,并使得更多的能量利用于网络开始真正死亡之前,提高了网络能量利用率.     

基于蚁群系统的WSN能量均衡多路径路由协议

针对无线传感器网络节点能量有限和网络拥塞问题,采用一种基于蚁群系统的能量均衡多路径路由协议。在路由发现过程中,综合考虑节点最小剩余能量和平均剩余能量,通过跨层设计模型获取节点距离信息和节点队列长度作为启发式函数,利用蚁群系统的特点形成多路径的数据传输。仿真结果表明,该路由协议在端到端传输时延和能量均衡等方面优于其它协议。     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.     

Call for Papers The 6^th International Conference on Grid and Cooperative Computing

Recent years have seen rapid advances in various grid-related technologies, middleware, and applications. The GCC conference has become one of the largest scientific events worldwide in grid and cooperative computing. The 6th international conference on grid and cooperative computing (GCC2007) Sponsored by China Computer Federation (CCF),Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICT) and Xinjiang University ,and in Cooperation with IEEE Computer Soceity ,is to be held from August 16 to 18, 2007 in Urumchi, Xinjiang, China.     

The Distributed Time-Triggered Simulation Scheme: Core Principles and Supporting Execution Engine

Distributed real-time simulation is a young technology field but its practice is under increasing demands. In recent years the author and his collaborators have been establishing a new approach called the distributed time-triggered simulation (DTS) scheme which is conceptually simple and easy to use but widely applicable. The concept was initiated in the course of developing a new-generation object-oriented real-time programming scheme called the time-triggered message-triggered object (TMO) programming scheme. Some fundamental issues inherent in distributed real-time simulation that were learned during recent experimental studies are discussed along with some approaches for resolving the issues. An execution engine developed to support both the TMOs engaged in control computation and the TMOs engaged in DTS is also discussed along with its possible extensions that will enable significantly larger-scale DTSs.     

Software-Konfigurationsmanagement in großen Softwareprojekten

Zusammenfassung Mit zunehmender Größe der Softwaresysteme verschärfen sich die für die Software-Herstellung typischen Probleme: Beherrschen großer Objektmengen, Erhalten der Systemkonsistenz, Kontrolle der ständigen Änderungseinflüsse und Gewährleisten einer langen Lebensdauer. Die Disziplin Konfigurationsmanagement bildet den methodischen Ansatz, diese Probleme besser zu beherrschen. Software-Konfigurationsmanagement faßt die Herstellung von Softwaresystemen als eine Abfolge von kontrollierten Änderungen an gesicherten Zwischen- und Endergebnissen auf. Dargestellt werden die Objekte und Funktionen des Software-Konfigurationsmanagements sowie die hierfür in großen Software-Projekten benötigten Methoden, Instanzen und Hilfsmittel.     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and     

Editorial:Brain-machine interface(BMI) and cyborg intelligence

正Brain-machine interfaces(BMIs)aim at building a direct communication pathway between the brain and an external device,and represent an area of research where significant progress has been made during the past decade.Based on BMIs,mind information can be read out by neural signals to control     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate     

SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 57(2014)

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