ABC-S2C:一种面向贯穿特性的构件化软件关注点分离技术

描述了一种在基于构件的软件开发中系统化支持面向贯穿特性的关注点分离技术.基于构件的软件开发强调通过组装可复用构件支持软件复用,在目标应用有多个关注点、存在贯穿特性的情况下,如何在构件组装时模块化封装各关注点的实现逻辑并将其组织成有机整体是一个重要的问题.文章以基于构件、面向体系结构的软件开发方法ABC为基础,提出通过构件运行支撑平台的支持,在运行时刻动态组织各贯穿特性的方法ABC-S2C.其机制是首先引入面向Aspect的软件开发中的概念Advice,用Advice对贯穿特性进行建模和模块化封装;其次是将连接子结构化和实体化,通过连接子将各Aspect和构件代码关联在一起,由连接子在运行时刻截获对构件的服务请求,按照配置动态调用各贯穿特性的处理逻辑Advice.这样的一套以连接子为核心的动态机制支持对黑盒构件的复用,在构件化软件生命周期主要阶段提供了对“贯穿特性”的系统化的模块化支持技术及机制.     

面向方面的软件连接件复用研究

软件连接件是软件体系结构的重要组成部分,是构件间实现交互的唯一媒介.随着软件系统的复杂程度日益增加,连接件的复用的设计及实现对研究软件体系结构的适应性具有愈来愈重要的意义.因此,提出一种新颖的连接件复用方法,首先将面向Aspect软件开发思想引入到软件连接件中,利用Aspect机制中的Advice,对连接件中的非功能属性进行模块化封装并同连接实现分离.其次在复用连接件时插入不同的Advice,以实现具体的连接.该方法试图为连接件的复用提供一种有效的解决方案,以达到增强软件体系结构适应性的目的.     

基于软件体系结构的反射式中间件研究

Internet为分布应用提供了一种开放、动态的运行环境,这要求分布应用的主要基础设施中间件能够支持运行时查看并调整平台内部状态和行为,由此产生了反射式中间件.目前的反射式中间件研究与实践存在3个不足:注重系统局部或单个实体的反射而缺乏全局视图;注重中间件平台内部功能的反射,而对上层应用的反射不够;集中于CORBA平台,而对J2EE平台的反射性研究较少.介绍了一个反射式的J2EE应用服务器PKUAS.基于构件化的平台内部体系结构,PKUAS引入软件体系结构作为全局视图以实现反射体系对系统整体的表示和控制,作为J2EE应用服务器,PKUAS可反射底层平台以及上层EJB构件.同时,以PKUAS实时监控工具为例,探讨了如何利用基于软件体系结构的反射体系管理整个系统,并给出了PKUAS与其他几种反射式中间件的比较.该工作有效地解决了现阶段反射式中间件研究的不足,提高了反射式中间件的实用性.     

一种面向部分可重构FPGA的混合实时调度算法

在CPU/FPGA平台上运行的实时任务通常由软/硬件子任务组成并存在优先约束关系。提出了一种软/硬件混合实时任务调度算法。在截止期限错失时刻,通过分析系统的运行情况,推导出实时任务可调度的充分条件。每个实时任务的硬件子任务分成多组,每组硬件子任务重叠配置到FPGA上。通过手工布局硬件子任务端口和总线端口,使得硬件子任务可动态的连接到系统总线上。实验表明,该算法能够满足任务的实时性,充分利用FPGA资源。     

一种面向动态软件体系结构的在线演化方法

为适应计算环境和用户需求在系统运行期间的变化,满足软件系统进行动态演化的需求,提出面向动态软件体系结构的在线演化方法,设计并实现了一种运行时刻的软件体系结构元模型,将原先运行时刻不可见的体系结构设计信息具体化为显式的体系结构实体,并与系统实现及系统规约之间保持因果关联.元模型的演化可通过反射实现对运行系统的修改和对规约的更新,所有演化行为都在良定义的体系结构元模型的指导下规范地进行,保证了演化前后系统的一致性、完整性和演化的可追溯性.基于该方法开发了可视化支撑平台Artemis-ARC系统,支持构件和服务的设计、开发、集成及动态演化,并通过简单的应用实例展示了在线演化的效果.     

支持对象间关系的程序设计语言研究

在论述了面向对象技术中对象间的关系作为第一级建模概念的重要性之后,该文设计并实现了显式支持对象间关系的RCPP(relational C++)语言.它提供了显式描述对象间关系特性和语义的机制,利用关系来动态地控制对象行为的作用和传播.它的运行是通过一个转换器把RCPP代码翻译成C++代码,再经C++环境编译后,形成可执行程序而实现的.文章对RCPP语言的模型、语言提供的服务以及具体系统的描述和实现作了深入阐述.     

一种规则驱动的网络服务组装机制

提出了一种规则驱动的服务组装方法,实现了一个基于软件Agent的框架,在运行时刻监控和管理组装流程的执行．该方法给出一个算法将流程规约转化为等价的规则集合以用于指导Agent的行为,并允许用户通过定义一组可插拔(pluggable)的自适应策略,方便地扩展流程对变化的适应能力．框架实现基于反射式中间件平台PKUAS,该平台为网络服务和软件Agent提供运行支持,并基于其反射机制为Agent提供运行时刻的环境信息．     

Authorware中动态快捷菜单的设计与实现

Authorware是课件开发的利器,虽然它支持一级菜单交互,但是不支持子菜单交互,更不支持右键快捷菜单设计.而使用tMsControls.u32插件结合系统函数能在Authorware中实现动态快捷菜单设计.文中详细介绍了tMsControls.u32插件的函数功能和动态快捷菜单的实现原理,通过实例介绍了如何通过动态快捷菜单控制可视媒体的新方案.     

AuthorWare中动态快捷菜单的设计与实现

Authorware是课件开发的利器,虽然它支持一级菜单交互,但是不支持子菜单交互,更不支持右键快捷菜单设计。而使用tMsControls.u32插件结合系统函数能在Authorware中实现动态快捷菜单设计。文中详细介绍了tMsControls.u32插件的函数功能和动态快捷菜单的实现原理,通过实例介绍了如何通过动态快捷菜单控制可视媒体的新方案。     

一种动态分组的粒子群优化算法

针对粒子群优化算法易陷入局部最优的问题,提出一种动态分组的粒子群优化算法.通过对鸟群习性的研究,给出交互粒子的概念,并在粒子群优化过程中引入动态分组机制,将种群动态划分成多个子种群,且每次划分的子种群数目是从特定集合中随机选取,从而增加交互粒子划分到同一子种群的概率.每个子种群在收敛进化的同时,利用环拓扑结构提高种群多样性及算法搜索全局最优解的能力.实验结果表明,与其他粒子群优化算法相比,该算法具有更好的稳定性、寻优性能以及更高的收敛精度.     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

Call for Papers The 6^th International Conference on Grid and Cooperative Computing

Recent years have seen rapid advances in various grid-related technologies, middleware, and applications. The GCC conference has become one of the largest scientific events worldwide in grid and cooperative computing. The 6th international conference on grid and cooperative computing (GCC2007) Sponsored by China Computer Federation (CCF),Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICT) and Xinjiang University ,and in Cooperation with IEEE Computer Soceity ,is to be held from August 16 to 18, 2007 in Urumchi, Xinjiang, China.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.     

The Distributed Time-Triggered Simulation Scheme: Core Principles and Supporting Execution Engine

Distributed real-time simulation is a young technology field but its practice is under increasing demands. In recent years the author and his collaborators have been establishing a new approach called the distributed time-triggered simulation (DTS) scheme which is conceptually simple and easy to use but widely applicable. The concept was initiated in the course of developing a new-generation object-oriented real-time programming scheme called the time-triggered message-triggered object (TMO) programming scheme. Some fundamental issues inherent in distributed real-time simulation that were learned during recent experimental studies are discussed along with some approaches for resolving the issues. An execution engine developed to support both the TMOs engaged in control computation and the TMOs engaged in DTS is also discussed along with its possible extensions that will enable significantly larger-scale DTSs.     

Software-Konfigurationsmanagement in großen Softwareprojekten

Zusammenfassung Mit zunehmender Größe der Softwaresysteme verschärfen sich die für die Software-Herstellung typischen Probleme: Beherrschen großer Objektmengen, Erhalten der Systemkonsistenz, Kontrolle der ständigen Änderungseinflüsse und Gewährleisten einer langen Lebensdauer. Die Disziplin Konfigurationsmanagement bildet den methodischen Ansatz, diese Probleme besser zu beherrschen. Software-Konfigurationsmanagement faßt die Herstellung von Softwaresystemen als eine Abfolge von kontrollierten Änderungen an gesicherten Zwischen- und Endergebnissen auf. Dargestellt werden die Objekte und Funktionen des Software-Konfigurationsmanagements sowie die hierfür in großen Software-Projekten benötigten Methoden, Instanzen und Hilfsmittel.     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and     

Editorial:Brain-machine interface(BMI) and cyborg intelligence

正Brain-machine interfaces(BMIs)aim at building a direct communication pathway between the brain and an external device,and represent an area of research where significant progress has been made during the past decade.Based on BMIs,mind information can be read out by neural signals to control     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate     

SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 57(2014)

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