一种宽带微波放大器偏置电路的设计

本文利用微波平面结构谐振模式情况下场等效的方法,对单扇形微带传输线电路进行了分析,并在此基础上介绍了一种宽带直流偏置电路的分析和设计方法.此种形式的偏置电路应用于一种C波段的微波放大器上,仿真和实验结果证明了这种宽带直流偏置电路是有效的.     

The effects of electromagnetic coupling on MMIC design

The undesired effects of electromagnetic coupling between passive elements in MIC and MMIC designs are examined. Measured data of several strongly coupled circuit topologies commonly encountered in MMIC design are compared to simulations using circuit theory programs employing discontinuity models as well as electromagnetic field simulation tools. The results of this comparison are used to derive a set of specifications for a simulation tool suitable for use in the design of MIC and MMIC circuits.     

Harmonic suppressed bandpass filter using composite right/left handed transmission line

A wideband composite right/left handed transmission line (CRLH TL) in conjunction with its corresponding equivalent circuit model is studied based on a cascaded complementary single split ring resonator (CCSSRR).The characterization is performed by theory analysis,circuit simulation,and full-wave electromagnetic (EM) simulation.The negative refractive index (NRI) and backward wave propagation performance of the CRLH TL are demonstrated.For application,a bandpass filter (BPF) with enhanced out-of-band selectivity and harmonic suppression operating at the wireless local area network (WLAN) band is designed,fabricated,and measured by combining the CRLH TL with a complementary electric inductive-capacitive resonator (CELC).Three CELC cells with wideband stopband performance in the conductor strip and ground plane,respectively,are utilized in terms of single negative permeability.The design concept has been verified by the measurement data.     

基于互补滤波的输电导线舞动轨迹还原算法

方向余弦矩阵算法(DCM算法)是工业级MEMS惯性传感器姿态解算常用算法;但由于受到外部机械振动和电磁环境影响,MEMS陀螺仪输出数据的漂移较大,导致陀螺积分解算得出的姿态角误差会随着时间累积增长,因此常须结合DCM算法与GPS或磁罗盘对陀螺计算出的角度进行误差修正;然而电网的导线舞动监测仪是直接安装于高电压架空输电线路表面,仪器处于很强的工频电磁干扰环境中,GPS和磁罗盘传感器完全失效,所以若要实现实时准确输出高压导线的运动轨迹,有必要研究一种改进的DCM算法,即MEMS陀螺和加速度计的互补滤波算法;并且设计出高电压导线舞动轨迹适用的解算流程,最后在专用的舞动监测实验平台上验证此新型舞动监测仪样机的有效性。     

计算机有限元仿真在钢缆在线定量检测中的应用

钢缆在线检测时,钢缆与检测设备之间相对运动,钢缆中产生的涡流严重影响缺陷定量检测的精度。采用电磁场有限元专业软件,选择二维轴对称柱坐标系,创建钢缆缺陷检测结构的几何实体模型,利用瞬态求解器数值计算了磁路磁力线分布和钢缆截面涡流分布。研究发现：随着速度的增加,磁路磁力线密度逐渐增加,涡流密度先增加后减小,磁力线和涡流的扩散方向与速度方向有关。研究结果与国外发表文献中的实验结果相符合,验证了有限元仿真在钢缆在线检测中的有效性。     

A coupled Navier-Stokes/Vortex-Panel solver for the numerical analysis of wind turbines

The present paper introduces a coupled Navier-Stokes/Vortex-Panel solver for the computational study of incompressible high Reynolds number flow around horizontal axis wind turbines. The Navier-Stokes solver is confined to the near-field around one wind turbine blade; the Vortex-Panel method accounts for the far-field of a two-bladed rotor. A robust coupling between both methods is achieved through the spanwise distribution of bound circulation determined by Stokes’ theorem. The coupled solver reduces both artificial dissipation and computational cost compared to a full-domain Navier-Stokes analysis. Results obtained for inviscid and attached viscous flow around an optimal wind turbine blade are compared to a vortex model based on strip theory. Good agreement is found between both models that serves as a validation of the coupled solver for future applications to wind turbines.     

Dumbbell‐shaped defected ground structure

A simplified equivalent circuit model of a dumbbell‐shaped defected ground structure (DGS) is developed. The equivalent circuit model is derived from the equivalent inductance and capacitance, which develop because of the perturbed return current path on the ground and the narrow gap, respectively. The theory is validated against the commercial full‐wave solver CST Microwave Studio. Finally, the calculated results are compared with the measured results. Good agreements between the theory, the commercially available numerical analyses and the experimental results validate the developed model. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J RF and Microwave CAE, 2007.     

A simplified design scheme for stubs loaded planar dual‐frequency microstrip crossover

In this article, design of a planar dual‐band crossover circuit is proposed. The design utilizes the symmetry of the circuit for the simplified even‐odd mode analysis. Derived closed form expressions are readily able to account for the type of stubs used in the design. Evaluation of the proposed crossover circuit and the corresponding expressions demonstrate that the design is able to achieve a considerably wide range of frequency ratios (1.8‐4.6). Two prototypes have been developed on Roger's 5880 substrate with the design frequencies of 1/2 and 0.5/2 GHz and a very good agreement between the measured and electromagnetic simulated results validate the design scheme.     

智能控制有源电力滤波器系统研究

采用新的有源无功补偿与滤波器原理方案,通过信号采集电路采集电网信息,然后通过高性能的TMS320F2812智能控制系统对电力系统信号进行检测、数据处理及计算,得到有关高次谐波的信息,产生控制信号到IPM驱动电路中,控制有源滤波器组对电网中的无功电力与谐波进行补偿,达到预定的效果。并对电网的实时监测、对滤波器监控与电网动态信息实时在LCD上显示出来。此系统在理论仿真与实际电网电力系统无功电力与谐波补偿中取得了良好实验的效果。     

基于FDTD的三维全波电磁分析软件及工程应用

介绍三维全波电磁分析软件的算法实现和主要功能,软件包含电磁建模和FDTD数值求解两大模块,可用于射频微波等系统的电磁场分析和设计。自动进行满足FDTD算法条件的均匀和非均匀网格划分,生成描述介质、网格、边界条件、激励源设置等所需的数据文件。通过对目标物体进行平移、旋转、缩放等操作可以进行实时观察与修改,具有较强的电磁建模效率和三维可视化效果,实现了计算区间内电磁场的动态变化演示。通过在实际工程中的应用,以及和商用软件HFSS的对比,验证了软件的功能和应用价值。     

An inline pseudoelliptic self‐packaging substrate integrated suspended line filter with mixed electric and magnetic coupling

A novel compact and self‐packaging inline pseudoelliptic filter is proposed. The proposed filter exploits controllable mixed electric and magnetic coupling using substrate integrated suspended line (SISL) technology. Based on a synchronously tuned coupled resonator circuit with parallel LC resonant tank and admittance inverters, general formulas for extracting electric and magnetic coupling coefficients are derived. Meanwhile, a basic mixed coupled SISL resonator pair is investigated and a systematic design procedure of a second‐order mixed coupled SISL filter is also given. Two prototypes of the second‐order filter with one transmission zero (TZ) at either upper or lower stopband are designed, which is corresponding to either magnetic or electric coupling dominant case. Furthermore, for asynchronously tuned coupled resonator cases, an inline third‐order pseudoelliptic SISL filter characterized by symmetric TZs is designed, fabricated, and measured for validation. The simulated and measured results show a good agreement with the synthesized ones.     

高速数字电路的信号完整性与电磁兼容性设计

在现代高速数字电路设计中,信号完整性和电磁兼容性是设计中非常重要的问题。只有很好地控制串扰、地弹、振铃、阻抗匹配、退耦等电磁兼容因素,才能设计出成功的电路。模拟电路原理在高速数字电路设计的分析和应用中发挥着很大的作用。本文较详细地解释了高速数字电路设计中上述电磁兼容问题的产生原因以及解决方法,最后给出了一个实际设计的仿真实例来说明以上现象。     

Five‐order narrow‐band tunable superconducting filter

This article designed a five‐order narrow‐band tunable superconducting filter. The superconducting microstrip circuit was loaded by varactors diode. The center frequency of the tunable can be tuned through the changing of the bias voltage added in the varactors diode. The whole device has a parallel coupling structure and the filter circuit was fabricated by DyBa₂Cu₃O₇ superconducting film with 0.5 mm thickness and 2 in. LaAlO₃ as the substrate. The frequency can be continuously adjusted from 235 MHz to 250 MHz. The insertion loss of the filter was in the range of 2.51 dB to 9.64 dB. The bandwidth of the tunable filter was in the range of 0.5 MHz to 0.9 MHz. The out‐of‐band rejection was better than 70 dB. The measured results are in good agreement with the simulated ones.     

The identification of phytoplankton pigments from absorption spectra

The absorption spectra of photosynthetic algae are characterized by a continuous envelope, which is a result of the overlapping spectra of the indivual pigments. This feature makes it difficult to estimate the contribution of each pigment to the total absorption spectra. Derivative analysis is an objective tool for isolating absorption peaks in phytoplankton. Theoretically, electrons and ions of interacting molecules can be regarded as simple harmonic oscillators in an electromagnetic field, which result in a Lorentzian shape. However, when measured by an optical spectrophotometer the signal is transformed into a Gaussian curve. Thus, a combination of both types of curve provides a realistic approach to the decomposition of absorption spectra. In this study derivative analysis is performed on absorption spectra in order to prove that the method can be successfully used to identify the individual absorption spectra of component pigments. The spectra used are modelled phytoplankton, spectrophotometric measurements of algal cultures and samples from natural waters. A combination of Gaussian-Lorentzian shaped curves, centred on the identified peaks, were compared with the original spectra and showed good agreement.     

Wideband bandpass filter based on U‐slotted SW‐HMSIW cavities

A wideband bandpass filter (BPF) is designed based on U‐slotted slow wave half mode substrate integrated waveguide (SW‐HMSIW) cavities. Similar to the substrate integrated waveguide (SIW), the SW‐HMSIW can also achieve a highpass characteristic while the lateral dimensions can be reduced by about 50%. By etching a U‐shape slot on the SW‐HMSIW cavity, a multiple‐mode resonator (MMR) can be realized, which can achieve a wide passband response and make the overall dimension of the filter much more compact. A wide passband, covering from 6.0 GHz to 10.65 GHz with a FBW about 58.13% is achieved. The measured minimum insertion losses including the losses from SMA connectors are 1.1 dB and return losses are better than 10 dB. Besides, the group delay varies between 0.2 and 0.5 ns within the passband. To validate its practicability, a wideband SW‐HMSIW BPF fabricated on a double‐layer printed circuit board (PCB) is designed and examined. The proposed filter has a more than 54% size reduction compared to the other designs reported in open literatures. The measured results have a good agreement with the simulated results. The effective size of the fabricated filter is about 27 mm × 8.55 mm.     

Miniaturized substrate integrated waveguide filter using fractal open complementary split‐ring resonators

A miniaturized substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) bandpass filter using fractal open complementary split‐ring resonators (FOCSRRs) unit‐cell is proposed. The proposed structure is realized by etching the proposed FOCSRR unit‐cells on the top metal surface of the SIW structure. The working principle of the proposed filter is based on the evanescent‐mode propagation. The proposed FOCSRRs behave as an electric dipoles in condition of the appropriate stimulation, which are able to generate a forward‐wave passband region below the cutoff frequency of the waveguide structure. Since, the electrical size of the proposed FOCSRRs unit‐cell is larger than the conventional OCSRRs unit‐cell; therefore, the FOCSRR unit‐cell is a good candidate to miniaturize the SIW structure. The proposed filter represents high selectivity and compact size because of the utilization of the sub‐wavelength resonators. The introduced filter is simulated by a 3D electromagnetic simulator. In order to validate the ability of the proposed topology in size reduction, 1‐ and 2‐stage of the proposed filters have been fabricated based on the standard printed circuit board process. The measured S‐parameters of the fabricated filters are in a good agreement with the simulated ones. The proposed SIW filters have many advantages in term of compact size, low insertion loss, high return loss, easy fabrication and integration with other circuits. It is the first time that the FOCSRR unit‐cells were combined with the SIW structure for miniaturization of this structure. Furthermore, a wide upper‐stopband with the attenuation >20 dB in the range of 3–8 GHz is achieved. The results show that, a miniaturization factor about 75.5% has been obtained.     

High isolation two‐port compact MIMO fractal antenna with Wi‐Max and X‐band suppression characteristics

This article features about an ultra‐wideband (UWB)‐multiple‐input multiple‐output (MIMO) antenna that exhibits the potentials of good port isolation and dual‐band suppression. The proposed antenna model consists of a unique fractal‐shaped radiating patch, a common ground interface leading to the incorporation of an intuitive approach; parasitic inverted neutralization stubs, which is located at the central co‐ordinate axis system, protruded vertically, where its extension is twisted with a motive of enhancing the port isolation. In addition to that, contiguous notches are implemented to achieve band‐notching at WiMAX (3.35‐4.45 GHz) and X‐band (9‐10 GHz). The total electrical area of UWB MIMO antenna is 0.179(λ₀)² at 2.25 GHz. To rationalize the counterparts of MIMO and band‐notching, diversity performance is studied through the electromagnetic (EM) solver and the corresponding circuit analysis is pursued through a electronic design automation (EDA) solver. The prototype has been fabricated, measured, and agreed well with the simulated results. The feasibility of proposed antenna model is considered to be quite optimum, with due consideration of its outcomes from applications point‐of‐view.     

Synthesis method of lumped dual–band filters with controllable bandwidths

This article presents a synthesis method for lumped dual‐band filters by directly adopting traditional Pi‐shaped and Г‐shaped capacitive networks as dual‐mode admittance inverters (J inverters). By following classic coupled‐resonator filter theory, the equivalent circuits (parallel LCs) of the dual‐mode resonators between the J inverters are derived separately at the two passbands. Each dual‐mode resonator is first approximately constructed with a series combination of the two parallel lumped circuit (LC) resonators, and then the element values are iteratively updated for better accuracy. A design example is given and good agreement is achieved between the simulated and measured results, demonstrating the feasibility of the synthesis method. The passband bandwidths are fully controllable. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J RF and Microwave CAE 25:75–80, 2015.