汉字／字符串编辑距离和编辑路径的有效求解技术

本文提出了一种有效的编辑距离和编辑路径求解技术，该技术不但适合于单字符字符串而且也适合于双字节汉字串的编辑距离和编辑路径的计算。它首先通过一有效的字符串相似匹配算法计算出串编辑距离，而后通过简单的二进制字位运算正确计算出串（最短）编辑路径。文章也给出了本技术的完整实现算法并分析了算法的复杂性。     

图编辑距离概述

图编辑距离是图模式匹配技术中常用的方法之一。基于图编辑距离的匹配方法能够处理多种类型的图数据,因而受到了学术界的广泛关注。首先介绍了图编辑距离的相关概念;然后简述了基于启发式搜索技术的精确图编辑距离算法,重点分析了基于二分图匹配的近似图编辑距离算法;最后对现存的一些图编辑问题进行了总结,并对未来的发展趋势进行了展望。     

一种古诗词联机评判算法

为解决目前人工评判古诗词默写正确性的方式存在耗时、漏判、误判等问题的情况,提出一种基于编辑距离的古诗词在线评判算法。根据中文古诗词的结构特点,该算法应用了基于树结构的编辑距离进行相似度判定。整个古诗词文本的相似度是语句、语块两个级别的相似度的综合。试验表明基于树状结构的编辑距离算法在古诗词相似评判方面较基于字符串的编辑距离算法具有更佳的适用性。     

一种改进的编辑距离算法及其在数据处理中的应用

基于数据处理的需要,在分析原有编辑距离算法的基础上,通过拓展交换操作减少编辑操作的数量。与仅对计算点之前相邻位置字符间的交换操作相比,通过对计算点前后非相邻位置字符间的交换操作改进该算法,能够得到更理想化的编辑距离。将改进的编辑距离算法应用于煤矿隐患数据的处理,提高了隐患数据分类分级的有效性和执行效率。     

基于编辑图的XML文档相似性研究

目前关于XML文档相似性算法有很多种,其中基于编辑距离的方法是很重要的一类。目前已发表的基于编辑距离的算法中,编辑图算法由于其计算高效率的特点成为研究的出发点。首先介绍了编辑图算法的思想,由于它在计算过程中对同层兄弟节点的顺序有很强的依赖性,因此不能准确有效地比较数据无序的数据中心的XML文档相似性。针对该问题,在编辑图算法思想的基础上,结合路径算法的思想提出拆分编辑图算法。实验结果表明,拆分编辑图算法降低了编辑图算法中对兄弟节点次序的依赖性,更适合于数据中心的XML文档相似性比较,而且所得结果更加准确有效。     

一种有效的编辑距离和编辑路径求解技术

给定字符串Ｔ．Ｐ，将Ｔ转换成Ｐ所需的插入，删除，替代序列称为Ｔ到Ｐ的编辑路径，其最短编辑路径所需的插入，删除替代总数称为Ｔ到Ｐ的编辑距离，本文提出一种有效的编辑距离和编辑路径求解技术，该技术首先通过一有效的字符串相似匹配算法计算出编辑距离，而后仅通过简单的二进制字位运算正确计算出编辑路径。     

基于编辑距离的Web数据挖掘

Div+CSS流行于Web页面的布局,在这种布局下,网页中很多数据记录以重复结构的形式聚集在一个层级。为了更好地从网页中挖掘数据,提出了一种新的Web数据挖掘算法,把树编辑距离转化为字符串编辑距离的计算,改进字符串编辑距离算法,利用字符串编辑距离评价树的相似度,进而找到网页中的重复模式,提取数据。通过针对不同重复模式特征的网页的实验说明,基于编辑距离的Web数据挖掘算法不仅能提取具有根节点及上面几层相同的网页的数据,对具有底层节点相同的网页也是有效的。     

基于模糊聚类的图书目录查询方法研究

在此提出一种基于模糊聚类的目录查询新方法,该方法基于模糊C均值聚类算法,并结合了编辑距离算法。针对传统的模糊C均值聚类算法的聚类结果不稳定性问题,引入了高权样本点集;并且在处理聚类过程中的边界值归属不足问题,引入编辑距离算法。     

基于树编辑距离的层次聚类算法

为了识别犯罪嫌疑人伪造和篡改的虚假身份,利用树编辑距离计算个体属性相似性,证明了树编辑距离的相关数学性质,对属性应用层次编码方法,提出了一种新的基于树编辑距离的层次聚类算法HCTED(Hi-erarchical Clustering Algorithm Based on Tree Edit Distance)。新算法通过树编辑操作使用最少的代价计算属性相似性,克服了传统聚类算法标称型计算的缺陷,提高了聚类精度,通过设定阈值对给定样本聚类。实验证明了新方法在身份识别上的准确性和有效性,讨论了不同参数对实验结果的影响,对比传统聚类算法,HCTED算法性能明显提高。新算法已经应用到警用流动人口分析中,取得了良好效果。     

侗台语族语言的编辑距离分类

编辑距离是一种距离测量法,源于将一个字符串变换为另一个字符串所需要的编辑操作数,该方法能够自动将语言进行分类,最近这些年在西方很受关注,被证明测量语言或方言间距离是有效的。运用编辑距离算法对侗台语族语言做出计量分类以及亲缘关系程度的描述。结果表明编辑距离分类结果与历史语言学的分类结果是基本一致的,为计量法提供了新思路。编辑距离可以应用于东亚语言的研究中。     

A metric normalization of tree edit distance

Traditional normalized tree edit distances do not satisfy the triangle inequality. We present a metric normalization method for tree edit distance, which results in a new normalized tree edit distance fulfilling the triangle inequality, under the condition that the weight function is a metric over the set of elementary edit operations with all costs of insertions/deletions having the same weight. We prove that the new distance, in the range [0, 1], is a genuine metric as a simple function of the sizes of two ordered labeled trees and the tree edit distance between them, which can be directly computed through tree edit distance with the same complexity. Based on an efficient algorithm to represent digits as ordered labeled trees, we show that the normalized tree edit metric can provide slightly better results than other existing methods in handwritten digit recognition experiments using the approximating and eliminating search algorithm (AESA) algorithm.     

基于基本操作序列的编辑距离顺序验证

两字符串的编辑距离是从一个串转换到另一个串所需要的最少基本操作数。编辑距离广泛应用于字符串近似匹配、字符串相似连接等领域。动态规划法利用编辑距离矩阵来计算两个串的编辑距离,需要计算矩阵中的所有元素,时间效率低。改进的方法改变了矩阵中元素的计算次序,减少了需要比对的元素,但仍需要比对一半以上的元素,时间效率还有待提高。提出基于基本操作序列的编辑距离顺序验证方法。首先,分析了基本操作序列的可列性,给出了列举基本操作序列的方法。然后依次顺序验证基本操作数从小到大的基本操作序列直到某一序列通过验证,得到其编辑距离。在阈值为2的字符串近似搜索实验中发现,所提方法比动态规划类方法具有更高的效率。     

A new algorithm for aligning nested arc-annotated sequences under arbitrary weight schemes

In this paper, we propose a new algorithm for the alignment of nested arc-annotated sequences, having applications in the comparison of RNA secondary structures without pseudo-knots. We use a general edit distance model between arc-annotated sequences, that considers classical sequences of edit operations and structural edit operations on arcs. In this model, the general edit distance problem under a non-constrained weight scheme, is NP-hard. Recently, a hierarchy of arc-annotated sequence alignment problems that highlights less general, but tractable, problems was introduced. We refine this hierarchy of alignment problems and extend the class of tractable alignment problems. Up to date, the alignment problem we solve is the most general one that is known to be tractable in the considered edit distance model and under arbitrary weight schemes. This algorithm is efficient, as its asymptotic time and space complexities are the same as the complexities of the best previously published algorithm.     

面向图相似性搜索的高效图编辑距离算法

在图相似性搜索问题中,图编辑距离是较为普遍的度量方法,其计算性能很大程度上决定了图相似性搜索算法的性能。针对传统图编辑距离算法中存在的因大量冗余映射和较大搜索空间导致的性能低下问题,提出了一种改进的图编辑距离算法。该算法首先对图中顶点进行等价划分,以此计算映射编码来判断等价映射;然后定义映射完整性更新等价映射优先级,选出主映射参与扩展;其次,设计高效的启发式函数,提出基于映射编码的下界计算方法,快速得到最优映射。最后,将改进的图编辑距离算法扩展应用于图相似性搜索。在不同数据集上的实验结果表明,该算法具有更好的搜索性能,在搜索空间上最大可降低49%,速度提升了约29%。     

Recognition of noisy subsequences using constrained edit distances

Let X* be any unknown word from a finite dictionary H. Let U be any arbitrary subsequence of X*. We consider the problem of estimating X* by processing Y, which is a noisy version of U. We do this by defining the constrained edit distance between XH and Y subject to any arbitrary edit constraint involving the number and type of edit operations to be performed. An algorithm to compute this constrained edit distance has been presented. Although in general the algorithm has a cubic time complexity, within the framework of our solution the algorithm possesses a quadratic time complexity. Recognition using the constrained edit distance as a criterion demonstrates remarkable accuracy. Experimental results which involve strings of lengths between 40 and 80 and which contain an average of 26.547 errors per string demonstrate that the scheme has about 99.5 percent accuracy.     

Tree edit distance: Robust and memory-efficient

Hierarchical data are often modelled as trees. An interesting query identifies pairs of similar trees. The standard approach to tree similarity is the tree edit distance, which has successfully been applied in a wide range of applications. In terms of runtime, the state-of-the-art algorithm for the tree edit distance is RTED, which is guaranteed to be fast independent of the tree shape. Unfortunately, this algorithm requires up to twice the memory of its competitors. The memory is quadratic in the tree size and is a bottleneck for the tree edit distance computation.In this paper we present a new, memory efficient algorithm for the tree edit distance, AP-TED (All Path Tree Edit Distance). Our algorithm runs at least as fast as RTED without trading in memory efficiency. This is achieved by releasing memory early during the first step of the algorithm, which computes a decomposition strategy for the actual distance computation. We show the correctness of our approach and prove an upper bound for the memory usage. The strategy computed by AP-TED is optimal in the class of all-path strategies, which subsumes the class of LRH strategies used in RTED. We further present the AP-TED⁺ algorithm, which requires less computational effort for very small subtrees and improves the runtime of the distance computation. Our experimental evaluation confirms the low memory requirements and the runtime efficiency of our approach.     

Approximating Tree Edit Distance through String Edit Distance

We present an algorithm to approximate edit distance between two ordered and rooted trees of bounded degree. In this algorithm, each input tree is transformed into a string by computing the Euler string, where labels of some edges in the input trees are modified so that structures of small subtrees are reflected to the labels. We show that the edit distance between trees is at least 1/6 and at most O(n ^3/4) of the edit distance between the transformed strings, where n is the maximum size of two input trees and we assume unit cost edit operations for both trees and strings. The algorithm works in O(n ²) time since computation of edit distance and reconstruction of tree mapping from string alignment takes O(n ²) time though transformation itself can be done in O(n) time.