基于序列运算理论的维修备件保障决策模型

备件保障过程存在大量不确定性, 使其决策困难. 本文以序列运算理论的概率性序列为基础, 把需求、维修、存储的备件数量看作一维离散的随机变量, 通过随机序列之间的卷和、卷差和交积运算来分析保障过程中各随机事件之间的相互作用, 从而对保障过程进行动态描述; 通过概率性序列的期望值理论确立了备件需求满足率来预测库存备件补充的时机和数量, 从而为备件存储决策提供依据.     

基于系统的武器备件需求预测研究

在武器装备保障问题的研究中,针对精确化要求和减少浪费问题,需求预测是武器备件保障的重要任务之一,为便于保障决策,将需求预测与库存控制结合起来,提出了一种基于系统的备件需求综合预测方法.对不同类型的备件采用不同的预测方法,依据历史数据选择最佳的预测方案组合,用于下一周期各备件的需求预测.综合预测方法在对备件需求进行预测的同时,还能得出费用约束下的备件库存方案,从而便于保障人员备件进行备件采购决策.进行仿真,结果表明,综合预测方案是合理有效的,为实际需求提供保障.     

机群更换部件使用保障过程仿真

研究费用与机群完好率之间的关系一直是备件保障研究的中心问题，此问题最终归结于研究备件库存种类与数量对机群完好率的影响。该文通过研究飞机可更换部件的使用与保障过程，建立其使用保障过程模型，并通过仿真模拟可更换部件的消耗过程。目的在于寻求可更换部件缺航材率与机群完好率指标之间的关系，为机群在未来一段时间内备件的库存水平决策提供支持。最后通过一个实例介绍如何通过仿真建立机群完好率与部件缺航材率的函数关系。     

飞机服务备件供应保障的仿真优化

飞机服务备件不仅种类繁多而且服务需求难以预估,服务备件库存配置直接影响到飞机可用度及保障费用。飞机制造单位备件优化问题的目标是降低非计划备件需求造成的额外损失、缩短备件供应延迟时间以提高飞机的战备完好率。通过对供应保障业务流程进行扩展,采用仿真方法实现备件库存配置优化,避免了解析方法的复杂性并且易于扩展和使用,具有良好的应用性。     

军用飞机保障能力评价建模与仿真

在对军用飞机维修保障过程分析的基础上，运用离散事件建模方法和计算机建模与仿真技术建立了飞机维修保障仿真模型。仿真出飞机使用可用度（A0）、出动架次率（SGR）、备件延误时间（SDT）、系统无故障工作时间（MTBF）等指标，来评价保障能力。仿真模型可以量化分析影响军用飞机保障能力的各种因素，显示、预测保障系统运行状态，提供辅助决策。通过改变任务计划、备件策略、维修策略。做动态敏感性分析。可以评价不同方案的维修保障能力，改进现有维修保障系统。仿真模型目前应用于航空兵部队团级保障能力评价，今后还将对未定型飞机开展维修保障仿真验证。     

武器装备可修件三级库存模型研究

关于武器装备可修件优化管理问题,针对部队中由于保障配置不合理而造成各级仓库普遍存在的"备件匮乏和大量积压"问题,通过借鉴国内外可修件库存理论研究成果,依据武器装备可修件的实际需求规律,结合修理能力约束因素,以备件订购费用为约束条件,以备件期望延迟交货量最小或装备可用度最大为目标,构建了一个可修件三级库存模型,并结合实例进行仿真,验证了模型的可行性,并可以得到武器装备可修件多级情况下的库存优化策略,实现备件保障的军事效益和经济效益,同时为备件优化管理进行库存决策提供了技术手段。     

浅谈卷烟企业备件需求计划管理

结合公司多年来的备件管理特点,通过对传统备件计划管理进行优化和实践,总结了一套较完整的备件需求计划管理方法和技术保障措施,能提高库存周转率,逐步降低库存资金占用量,可有效地避免不良库存的再发生,消耗呆滞库存,改善库存结构。     

某型导弹引信备件需求预测模型研究

准确的备件需求预测在备件库存管理中尤为重要,但是备件间歇性需求的特点以及需求的历史数据不足使得备件需求预测特别困难,在一些部门,导弹备件库存管理水平决定了设备如何使用和维修.为解决上述问题,建立一种新的预测方法,综合评价备件需求预测的自相关与解释变量的关系:通过回归分析确定由解释变量引起的非零需求,判别一个非零需求发生的原因,进而得到修正后的非零需求序列的预测结果,最后通过LTD估计,得到具体的非零需求预测值.通过理论分析以及实例结果均证明,改进方法在预测精度上优于其它方法,为导弹备件预测研究提供一定的参考与借鉴.     

基于延迟转运的维修备件库存模型

通过分析单级多基地的维修备件库存状态转移过程,建立了维修备件延迟转运模型,给出了库存直接满足需求、横向转运满足需求及延迟转运满足需求概率的表达式;在此基础上构建了以库存持有成本、停机及转运费用之和最小为目标的库存模型,并构造了基于迭代的模型求解算法。通过算例验证了模型的正确性及算法的有效性。     

基于混合果蝇优化算法的选址-库存联合优化策略

针对装备维修保障仓库系统运营费用高、仓库点位布局不合理、备件库存结构不合理等问题,建立以多品种联合补货问题为基础的装备维修备件仓库选址-库存控制决策联合优化模型,模型可用于求解仓库的开设位置、维修活动需求点的指派情况、仓库补货时间以及库存水平等.根据模型的结构特点,利用多种群协同进化的方法改进传统果蝇优化算法的位置更新方式,设计一种内外两层搜索策略的混合果蝇优化算法,外层搜索策略作为算法的主程序用于搜索仓库选址决策变量,内层搜索策略采用改进的RAND算法用于搜索库存控制决策变量.仿真结果表明,混合果蝇优化算法具有良好的求解效率,能够确保库存系统在一定服务水平的基础上有效降低库存运营总成本.     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.     

The Distributed Time-Triggered Simulation Scheme: Core Principles and Supporting Execution Engine

Distributed real-time simulation is a young technology field but its practice is under increasing demands. In recent years the author and his collaborators have been establishing a new approach called the distributed time-triggered simulation (DTS) scheme which is conceptually simple and easy to use but widely applicable. The concept was initiated in the course of developing a new-generation object-oriented real-time programming scheme called the time-triggered message-triggered object (TMO) programming scheme. Some fundamental issues inherent in distributed real-time simulation that were learned during recent experimental studies are discussed along with some approaches for resolving the issues. An execution engine developed to support both the TMOs engaged in control computation and the TMOs engaged in DTS is also discussed along with its possible extensions that will enable significantly larger-scale DTSs.     

Software-Konfigurationsmanagement in großen Softwareprojekten

Zusammenfassung Mit zunehmender Größe der Softwaresysteme verschärfen sich die für die Software-Herstellung typischen Probleme: Beherrschen großer Objektmengen, Erhalten der Systemkonsistenz, Kontrolle der ständigen Änderungseinflüsse und Gewährleisten einer langen Lebensdauer. Die Disziplin Konfigurationsmanagement bildet den methodischen Ansatz, diese Probleme besser zu beherrschen. Software-Konfigurationsmanagement faßt die Herstellung von Softwaresystemen als eine Abfolge von kontrollierten Änderungen an gesicherten Zwischen- und Endergebnissen auf. Dargestellt werden die Objekte und Funktionen des Software-Konfigurationsmanagements sowie die hierfür in großen Software-Projekten benötigten Methoden, Instanzen und Hilfsmittel.     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and     

Editorial:Brain-machine interface(BMI) and cyborg intelligence

正Brain-machine interfaces(BMIs)aim at building a direct communication pathway between the brain and an external device,and represent an area of research where significant progress has been made during the past decade.Based on BMIs,mind information can be read out by neural signals to control     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate     

SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 57(2014)

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Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate