广义粗糙集模型及应用

主要总结了近年来粗糙集模型理论的研究和发展,介绍了广义粗糙集模型研究的一些主要方面和最新成果,从逼近算子和粗糙隶属函数的角度,讨论了广义粗糙集模型的各种类型,并探讨了它们各自的特点和应用.     

覆盖广义粗糙集模型研究

覆盖广义粗糙集理论是由Pawlak经典粗糙集理论在划分的基础上推广到覆盖建立起来的,它更能合理地描述信息的不确定性、不准确性和不完整性。本文给出覆盖广义粗糙集理论的6种基本模型,讨论每种模型的覆盖上近似运算并给出相关性质,最终给出模型之间的相互关系,从而补充和完善了覆盖广义粗糙集理论的公理化体系。     

两类广义粗糙集模型

粗糙集理论和应用研究中的一个重要方向是推广经典的粗糙集理论和模型,使得这种理论和方法能够被应用于更一般的情形.本文讨论两类广义粗糙集模型的关系,一类是基于论域覆盖的广义粗糙集模型,另一类是基于论域上一般二元关系的广义粗糙集模型.基于两类模型的比较,提出一种具有对偶性的修正覆盖粗糙集模型,研究这种模型的性质,给出这种模型的代数刻画.     

几种粗糙集模型的推广研究

通过在经典粗糙集模型中引入函数,得到了一个广义的变精度粗糙集模型和一个广义的概率粗糙集模型。将这两个广义的模型进行比较研究,又得到了一个更广义的粗糙集模型,这个模型既是变精度粗糙集模型的推广也是概率粗糙集模型的推广,对推广模型的性质做了相应的研究。     

广义粗糙集理论及实值属性约简

针对经典粗糙集理论仅能处理离散化数据的局限性,提出属性和属性子集的广义重要度的概念以及空间中的广义近邻关系,并提出了广义近邻关系下的广义粗糙集扩展模型。广义粗糙集理论利用广义近邻关系在全局中划分相容模块,构成集合的下、上近似集,避免了经典粗糙集理论必须量化数据的麻烦。另外,提出了广义粗糙集的实值属性约简的一种贪心算法,并分析了约简属性集合的质量。最后通过实例验证了所提方法的正确性和有效性。     

基于粗隶属函数的粗糙集模型的推广

通过粗隶属函数,将粗糙集理论与模糊集理论联系起来,建立一种粗糙集理论与模糊集理论间的关系。把粗隶属函数视为论域上的一个特殊模糊集,用它的!-截集和强"-截集的概念,将经典粗糙集模型进行推广,提出基于等价关系的隶属度粗糙集模型,验证一些有用的性质,并证明该模型比Pawlak粗糙集模型具有更好的精度。最后将基于等价关系的隶属度粗糙集模型拓展到基于一般二元关系的广义隶属度粗糙集模型,并给出其相应的性质。     

广义多粒度粗糙集属性约简和matlab计算

定义了基于广义多粒度粗糙集的属性约简,研究了约简的一些基本性质,给出matlab计算的过程,并给出计算实例。定义了信息系统的严格协调、软不协调性、粒度协调、粒度不协调,定义了广义多粒度下约简、粒度约简、（下/上近似）分布协调约简、（下/上近似）质量协调约简,并给出部分结论。广义多粒度粗糙集的约简适用于乐观多粒度粗糙集和悲观多粒度粗糙集。研究结果可完善多粒度粗糙集理论,为理论研究和应用奠定基础。     

类对称关系下的广义粗糙集模型

针对等价关系下的经典粗糙集,定义弱对称与局部强对称二元关系,构造相应的广义粗糙集模型。给出这2种模型的公理化特征,并将两者结合,得到强对称二元关系下的广义粗糙集模型。理论分析证明,论域上任何集合均为广义精确集的充要条件是其二元关系为强对称关系,即可以利用该模型刻画经典粗糙集中的广义精确集。     

局部广义多粒度粗糙集

多粒度粗糙集的目标概念是一种由多个二元关系诱导的粒结构近似,是粗糙集领域的一个有价值的研究方向,在实际中得到了广泛的应用。然而,当数据集的规模很大时,会出现大量的未标记数据,计算目标概念的近似时需要计算所有对象的等价类,而且需要花费大量的时间来描述目标概念的近似以及复杂的计算过程,因此提出了局部广义多粒度粗糙集模型。首先通过引入特征函数来定义下近似和上近似;其次提出了一种用矩阵求解局部广义多粒度粗糙集下近似和上近似的方法,进一步研究了它们的性质;最后通过实例来验证所提模型的有效性,并给出了求局部广义多粒度粗糙集下近似的算法。此模型可以充分利用目标概念中的数据信息来处理数据,同时可以节省大量的计算时间。     

双论域上的广义直觉模糊概率粗糙集模型及其应用

已有的双论域直觉模糊概率粗糙集模型通过设置两个阈值${\lambda _1}$、${\lambda _2} $,讨论了经典集合在直觉模糊二元关系下的概率粗糙下上近似。该模型不能计算直觉模糊集合在直觉模糊二元关系下的概率粗糙下上近似,这在一定程度上限制了该模型的应用。首先给出了直觉模糊条件概率的定义。在直觉模糊概率空间下构造了双论域广义直觉模糊概率粗糙集模型,讨论了模型的主要性质。最后,将模型应用到临床诊断系统中。与其他模型相比,所提出的广义直觉模糊概率粗糙集模型进一步丰富了概率粗糙集理论,更适合于实际应用。     

On definable concepts of rough set models

In various generalized rough set models, definable concepts are used to approximate other concepts. Based on a unified abstract rough set theory, this paper investigates the mathematical structure of the set of definable concepts in several generalized rough set models such as relation based models, covering based models, and fuzzy based models. It is shown that there exist two kinds of interesting structures for the set of definable concepts, which are often used in rough set models: the complementary structure and the equational structure. In addition, relations between different rough set models are discussed.     

一种覆盖粗糙模糊集模型

粗糙集扩展模型的研究是粗糙集理论研究的一个重要问题.其中,基于覆盖的粗糙集模型扩展是粗糙集扩展模型中的重要一类.覆盖近似空间中的概念近似是从覆盖近似空间中获取知识的关键.目前,研究者对覆盖近似空间中经典集合的近似进行了较多的研究.针对覆盖近似空间中模糊集合的近似,虽然不同的覆盖粗糙模糊集模型被提了出来,但它们都存在不合理性.从规则的置信度出发,提出了一种新的覆盖粗糙模糊集模型.该模型修正了已有模型中存在对象在下近似中不确定可分和上近似中不近似可分的问题.分析了具有偏序关系的两个覆盖近似空间中上、下近似之间的关系,发现两个不同覆盖生成相同覆盖粗糙模糊集的充要条件是这两个覆盖的约简恒等.分析了新模型与Wei模型、Xu模型之间的关系,发现这两种模型是新模型的两种极端情况,且其应用前提是覆盖为一元覆盖.这些结论将为覆盖粗糙模糊集模型应用于决策为模糊的情形提供理论基础.     

On minimization of axiom sets characterizing covering-based approximation operators

Rough set theory was proposed by Pawlak to deal with the vagueness and granularity in information systems. The classical relation-based Pawlak rough set theory has been extended to covering-based generalized rough set theory. The rough set axiom system is the foundation of the covering-based generalized rough set theory, because the axiomatic characterizations of covering-based approximation operators guarantee the existence of coverings reproducing the operators. In this paper, the equivalent characterizations for the independent axiom sets of four types of covering-based generalized rough sets are investigated, and more refined axiom sets are presented.     

Rough set theory for the interval-valued fuzzy information systems

The notion of a rough set was originally proposed by Pawlak [Z. Pawlak, Rough sets, International Journal of Computer and Information Sciences 11 (5) (1982) 341-356]. Later on, Dubois and Prade [D. Dubois, H. Prade, Rough fuzzy sets and fuzzy rough sets, International Journal of General System 17 (2-3) (1990) 191-209] introduced rough fuzzy sets and fuzzy rough sets as a generalization of rough sets. This paper deals with an interval-valued fuzzy information system by means of integrating the classical Pawlak rough set theory with the interval-valued fuzzy set theory and discusses the basic rough set theory for the interval-valued fuzzy information systems. In this paper we firstly define the rough approximation of an interval-valued fuzzy set on the universe U in the classical Pawlak approximation space and the generalized approximation space respectively, i.e., the space on which the interval-valued rough fuzzy set model is built. Secondly several interesting properties of the approximation operators are examined, and the interrelationships of the interval-valued rough fuzzy set models in the classical Pawlak approximation space and the generalized approximation space are investigated. Thirdly we discuss the attribute reduction of the interval-valued fuzzy information systems. Finally, the methods of the knowledge discovery for the interval-valued fuzzy information systems are presented with an example.     

Generalized interval-valued fuzzy variable precision rough sets determined by fuzzy logical operators

The fuzzy rough set model and interval-valued fuzzy rough set model have been introduced to handle databases with real values and interval values, respectively. Variable precision rough set was advanced by Ziarko to overcome the shortcomings of misclassification and/or perturbation in Pawlak rough sets. By combining fuzzy rough set and variable precision rough set, a variety of fuzzy variable precision rough sets were studied, which cannot only handle numerical data, but are also less sensitive to misclassification. However, fuzzy variable precision rough sets cannot effectively handle interval-valued data-sets. Research into interval-valued fuzzy rough sets for interval-valued fuzzy data-sets has commenced; however, variable precision problems have not been considered in interval-valued fuzzy rough sets and generalized interval-valued fuzzy rough sets based on fuzzy logical operators nor have interval-valued fuzzy sets been considered in variable precision rough sets and fuzzy variable precision rough sets. These current models are incapable of wide application, especially on misclassification and/or perturbation and on interval-valued fuzzy data-sets. In this paper, these models are generalized to a more integrative approach that not only considers interval-valued fuzzy sets, but also variable precision. First, we review generalized interval-valued fuzzy rough sets based on two fuzzy logical operators: interval-valued fuzzy triangular norms and interval-valued fuzzy residual implicators. Second, we propose generalized interval-valued fuzzy variable precision rough sets based on the above two fuzzy logical operators. Finally, we confirm that some existing models, including rough sets, fuzzy variable precision rough sets, interval-valued fuzzy rough sets, generalized fuzzy rough sets and generalized interval-valued fuzzy variable precision rough sets based on fuzzy logical operators, are special cases of the proposed models.     

A novel approach to fuzzy rough sets based on a fuzzy covering

This paper proposes an approach to fuzzy rough sets in the framework of lattice theory. The new model for fuzzy rough sets is based on the concepts of both fuzzy covering and binary fuzzy logical operators (fuzzy conjunction and fuzzy implication). The conjunction and implication are connected by using the complete lattice-based adjunction theory. With this theory, fuzzy rough approximation operators are generalized and fundamental properties of these operators are investigated. Particularly, comparative studies of the generalized fuzzy rough sets to the classical fuzzy rough sets and Pawlak rough set are carried out. It is shown that the generalized fuzzy rough sets are an extension of the classical fuzzy rough sets as well as a fuzzification of the Pawlak rough set within the framework of complete lattices. A link between the generalized fuzzy rough approximation operators and fundamental morphological operators is presented in a translation-invariant additive group.     

基于广义粗集覆盖约简的粗糙熵

在广义粗集覆盖约简理论中,由于集合的上下近似是由其覆盖约简来确定的,因此有必要寻求一种新的度量来刻画知识和粗集的粗糙性.通过引入信息熵以刻画广义粗集覆盖约简的知识粗糙性以及粗集粗糙性,提出了一种新的知识粗糙性和粗集粗糙性度量.得到知识粗糙熵和粗糙集的粗糙熵都随广义覆盖约简的变细而单调减少的结论,从信息论观点出发,对不完备信息系统粗集理论进行了探讨.