多重观测卫星影像的无控区域网平差

为了保证卫星遥感影像获取地面目标区域信息的准确性,需要对影像数据进行几何校正,几何校正的精度决定着遥感图像应用的效果。常规的校正方法需要地面控制点信息,但在境外、我国西部、荒漠等这些地方很难获取控制点。针对上述问题,提出了多重观测卫星影像的无控区域网平差方法,提高无控定位的精度。与常规区域网平差不同,该方法的误差方程基于"单物方—多像方"的连接点集建立,在无控条件下误差方程能够收敛到更加精确的解。通过误差补偿模型调整每幅影像的有理函数模型系数,使得不同方向的定位误差进行抵消,从而在无控制点的条件下提高遥感影像的定位精度。首先,利用卫星影像的RPC文件和像方误差补偿模型,建立多重重叠的区域网平差模型,然后,利用共轭梯度算法迭代求解误差方程,最后调整RPC系数,提高遥感图像定位精度。通过资源三号卫星影像试验表明:多重观测区域网平差将遥感图像的平面定位精度由19.8m提高至12.9m,能够有效提高影像的几何定位精度。     

控制点误差传播模型及其应用

为了获取遥感影像几何纠正误差空间分布情况,提出一种纠正控制点误差传播模型。该模型首先定义了控制点误差,然后按照控制点误差造成纠正模型参数估计的不确定,通过纠正模型传递至整个区域的建模思路构建了控制点误差传播模型。为将模型推广至更一般的情况,定义了表观控制点误差对误差传播模型进行修正。模拟试验表明,应用该模型可以分析纠正模型的适用性,以及纠正控制点数量、质量及空间分布对纠正精度的影响,为纠正控制点选择和优化提供了一种定量分析方法,对遥感产品应用和成果质量控制具有重要意义。     

基于3S的土地利用数据库更新技术研究

以湖南省株洲市天元区土地利用数据库为研究对象,探索利用3S技术对土地利用数据库进行更新的技术和方法.利用静态GPS实测地面控制点,ERMAPPER为平台对QuickBird卫星数据进行几何精校正,校正后图像的点位误差控制在1个像元左右,以此作为标准校正SPOT-5、ETM＋和TM图像.将校正后SPOT-5图像导入MAPGIS与同期的土地利用现状图匹配,对发生变化的地块逐个进行标记,共标识图斑189个.在试验区内建立高精度GPS基站和移动站一套,利用移动站对变化图斑进行野外实测,数据经格式转换后导入MAPGIS 内,对土地利用现状的图形库和属性库分别进行更新.结果表明：采用3S技术可以快速、准确、高效地更新土地利用数据库,实现土地利用现状短周期预测预报的目的.     

一种改进的局部加权拟合校正方法

几何校正是遥感图像处理的一个重要环节,是减弱遥感图像与地面真实形态差异的重要方法。但是常规几何校正方法对无人机影像进行校正,其效果不够理想。在分析了局部加权拟合校正法的基础上,用控制圆规定其局部校正区域,并且新增辅助控制点来覆盖该区域,以这种方法对其进行了改进。通过对同一无人机影像进行几何校正对比分析实验,结果表明:改进的局部加权拟合校正法能够更充分、合理地利用局部控制点信息,对控制点的分布具有更好的适应性,能够有效提高无人机影像的几何校正精度。     

少控制点的推扫式卫星姿态参数外推方法研究

线阵推扫式传感器目前已经广泛应用于当代航空和航天摄影测量与遥感领域,为摄影测量与遥感应用开辟了崭新的途径。基于少控制点的推扫式卫星姿态外推研究成为新的研究方向,对较难获得控制点区域的目标定位具有重要意义。针对单线阵推扫式传感器影像多中心成像的特点,建立基于共线方程的传感器模型。采用空间后方交会的方法求解各扫描行的定向参数,当外推距离较远时采用单控制点进行定向参数改正。实验数据采取国内某地区同一轨道上的连续6景SPOT影像进行目标定位。分析外推的实验结果,当外推距离为240 km时,误差为1 km左右,利用单控制点进行误差补偿后,纠正结果明显优于前者,达到了1 km以下。但纠正结果仍不能让人满意,还有待进一步提高。     

基于AROP程序包的类Landsat遥感影像配准与正射纠正试验和精度分析

遥感影像的精确配准和正射纠正是进行图像融合、变化检测、图像镶嵌、定量遥感建模、多时相和多传感器影像协同应用的基础和前提。以美国国家航空和航天管理局下设LEDAPS(Landsat Ecosystem Disturbance Adaptive Processing System)课题组开发的配准与正射纠正程序包AROP(Automated Registration and Orthorectification Package)为例,详细阐述了其配准的原理与程序设计流程,并对其配准的精度进行了分析和评价。试验表明:AROP程序包算法能够找出足够的控制点,且控制点分布较为均匀,配准误差小于0.5个像元。误差特征表现为:扫描误差明显大于航向误差,误差的结果与影像漂移、DEM、坡度存在一定的相关性,高程和坡度是影响配准精度的主要因素之一。该程序包目前能够用于对我国CBERS影像的正射校正以及波段不匹配处理,但是对HJ卫星CCD影像数据配准还有待于进一步研究。     

基于图像匹配的星载遥感影像自动几何精校正算法

提出了一种新的基于匹配技术的自动几何精校正算法,可以解决遥感影像人工几何纠正方法精度差、效率低等问题。该算法基于控制点图像片与待校正影像匹配实现控制点自动选取,然后进行异常匹配检测剔除匹配错误的控制点,保证控制点选择的精确性,并最后对遥感影像实施精校正。同时,根据以往研究成果,提出了一种更加快速、有效的多判据匹配算法。以遥感影像（光学/SAR）实例进行验证,结果证明了该方法的有效性和鲁棒性。     

结合稀疏识别的自适应Wallis滤波在高分辨率影像控制点匹配中的应用

目的：随着国内遥感卫星的迅速发展,卫星图像的图幅越来越大,分辨率越来越高。在轨遥感图像的几何精度评价,要求从待评遥感图像和多源参考图像之间精确地提取出分布均匀的控制点信息。使用Wallis滤波对高分辨率影像进行增强时,会产生过增强和饱和现象,影响了控制点提取效果。为了克服上述缺陷,提出了一种基于稀疏识别的自适应Wallis图像增强算法。方法：首先计算图像子区域的辐射质量参数并构建分类特征;然后通过稀疏识别算法确定子区域的地物类型;最后根据子区域所属地物类型,选择不同的Wallis滤波参数,实现整幅图像的自适应增强,并在增强的遥感图像上提取控制点信息,实现遥感图像的几何精度自动化评价。结果：针对资源三号影像的实验结果表明,针对不同的子区域地物类型进行自适应Wallis增强,有效防止了基于全局统一参数的Wallis滤波带来的过增强和饱和现象,有效增强了高分辨率图像的纹理。结论：本文提出来一种新的高分辨率遥感影像增强策略,增强了高分辨率图像的纹理,提高了控制点的获取数目和准确率。     

高分辨率卫星影像几何校正研究

该文首先对遥感影像的变形机理与几何校正方法进行研究讨论,论述了多项式模型和有理函数模型等遥感图像几何校正模型,介绍了双三次卷积内插方法、最临近内插方法、双线性内插法等数字图像重采样方法,同时论述了地面控制点(GCP)及检查点的选取方法。在此基础上论述了遥感图像几何校正的一般步骤:根据现有数据特点,利用ERDAS对影像数据进行几何校正。最后对校正精度进行分析,结果符合预期要求,说明实验中所采取的方法与流程具有较高可靠性。     

卫星遥感图像大地几何校正的一种方法

卫星遥感图像大地几何校正的一种方法王新民，邵贝恩（中国科学院遥感卫星地面站北京１０００８６）关键词：卫星遥感数据，几何校正，大地几何校正１弓唁卫星遥感图象的几何畸变可用卫星遥测数据予以纠正’‘－“．但是由于卫星轨道偏离、姿态漂移等误差的影响，校正后的...     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.     

Call for Papers The 6^th International Conference on Grid and Cooperative Computing

Recent years have seen rapid advances in various grid-related technologies, middleware, and applications. The GCC conference has become one of the largest scientific events worldwide in grid and cooperative computing. The 6th international conference on grid and cooperative computing (GCC2007) Sponsored by China Computer Federation (CCF),Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICT) and Xinjiang University ,and in Cooperation with IEEE Computer Soceity ,is to be held from August 16 to 18, 2007 in Urumchi, Xinjiang, China.     

The Distributed Time-Triggered Simulation Scheme: Core Principles and Supporting Execution Engine

Distributed real-time simulation is a young technology field but its practice is under increasing demands. In recent years the author and his collaborators have been establishing a new approach called the distributed time-triggered simulation (DTS) scheme which is conceptually simple and easy to use but widely applicable. The concept was initiated in the course of developing a new-generation object-oriented real-time programming scheme called the time-triggered message-triggered object (TMO) programming scheme. Some fundamental issues inherent in distributed real-time simulation that were learned during recent experimental studies are discussed along with some approaches for resolving the issues. An execution engine developed to support both the TMOs engaged in control computation and the TMOs engaged in DTS is also discussed along with its possible extensions that will enable significantly larger-scale DTSs.     

Software-Konfigurationsmanagement in großen Softwareprojekten

Zusammenfassung Mit zunehmender Größe der Softwaresysteme verschärfen sich die für die Software-Herstellung typischen Probleme: Beherrschen großer Objektmengen, Erhalten der Systemkonsistenz, Kontrolle der ständigen Änderungseinflüsse und Gewährleisten einer langen Lebensdauer. Die Disziplin Konfigurationsmanagement bildet den methodischen Ansatz, diese Probleme besser zu beherrschen. Software-Konfigurationsmanagement faßt die Herstellung von Softwaresystemen als eine Abfolge von kontrollierten Änderungen an gesicherten Zwischen- und Endergebnissen auf. Dargestellt werden die Objekte und Funktionen des Software-Konfigurationsmanagements sowie die hierfür in großen Software-Projekten benötigten Methoden, Instanzen und Hilfsmittel.     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and     

Editorial:Brain-machine interface(BMI) and cyborg intelligence

正Brain-machine interfaces(BMIs)aim at building a direct communication pathway between the brain and an external device,and represent an area of research where significant progress has been made during the past decade.Based on BMIs,mind information can be read out by neural signals to control     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate     

SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 57(2014)

正~~