无线传感器网络基于移动信标动态选择的定位算法

无线传感器网络节点定位是许多应用的基础.DV-Hop 是一种无需测距的定位算法,但其定位精度依赖于网络的联通状况,对于不规则拓扑的网络定位误差较大.针对这种情况,提出一种新的基于移动信标动态选择的改进 DV-Hop 定位算法,利用一个移动信标在网络中漫游并广播定位分组信息,并在每个虚拟信标中计算当前位置的平均跳距离.未...     

基于移动信标的改进DV-Hop算法

针对DV-Hop定位算法在网络节点密度减小时定位误差明显增大,定位精度严重依赖于网络的联通状况,提出一种新的基于移动信标动态选择的改进DV-Hop定位算法,利用一个移动信标在网络中漫游并广播定位分组信息,提出号位切换的思想对移动信标的位置进行优选,从而通过二次定位来提高节点定位精度.仿真显示,此算法有效的降低了定位成本,提高了定位的效率.     

基于RSSI测距的DV-Hop算法

由于DV-Hop算法在不均匀网络中节点定位精度不高,以及RSSI算法受环境因素影响较大,将RSSI算法与DV-Hop算法相结合,提出一种利用RSSI测距技术改进DV-Hop的算法-----BRDV-Hop算法.该算法应用RSSI测距技术,定义信标节点的平均跳距误差,并利用信标节点的平均跳距误差对未知节点与信标节点之间的距离进行修正,从而达到减小定位误差的目的.仿真结果表明,与标准的DV-Hop算法相比,在不增加传感器节点硬件的基础上,改进算法能有效降低定位误差.     

无线传感网络中一种改进的DV-Hop定位算法

在无线传感器网络中,DV-Hop定位算法无需测距,但定位精度不高。文章分析发现在未知节点至信标节点距离与跳数不一定成正比关系,提出通过仿真事先求得在各跳数情况下未知节点与信标节点实际距离和估计距离的平均比值,在应用DV-Hop算法定位时,则将未知节点至信标节点估计距离乘以这个比值,从而得到修正的估计距离。仿真表明提出的算法能较大程度上提高定位精度。     

一种改进无线传感器网络的DV-Hop定位算法

DV-Hop算法是非基于测距定位技术的典型算法之一.该算法的实质是:用跳段距离代替实际距离.但同时,这也是产生误差的主要原因.为了降低算法的误差,提高定位精度,文中提出了一种改进的DV-Hop定位算法.改进的算法中引入了信标节点的平均每跳误差并对测距误差进行加权处理.经过MATLAB仿真分析表明,在相同的仿真环境中,改进的DV-Hop算法其误差明显下降,平均定位精度比原算法及部分现有改进算法提高30%.     

基于移动代理的三维DV-Hop算法

三维空间的无线传感器网络节点定位算法研究是当前的研究热点之一。通过对现有三维定位算法的不足进行分析,将无需测距的DV-Hop算法拓展到三维空间,并在通信量、定位精度方面进行了相关改进,提出了一种基于移动代理的三维DV-Hop定位算法。仿真结果表明,所提算法能对三维环境中的传感器节点进行有效的定位,信标节点的密度和通信半径对定位误差和覆盖率的影响较小,且定位精度和覆盖率相对于其他算法有明显提高。     

基于移动锚节点的改进DV-Hop算法

DV-Hop是一种典型的无须测距的定位算法,针对该算法在定位过程中存在的定位精度不高的问题,提出了一种基于移动锚节点的改进算法。利用锚节点的移动形成多个虚拟锚节点,有效减少了锚节点的使用数量;并在原算法基础上,修正平均跳距,使其更接近真实值。仿真结果表明:改进算法定位误差比传统DV-Hop算法平均降低了约 30%,大大提高了定位精度。     

基于跳数修正的DV-Hop改进算法

针对无线传感器网络DV-Hop定位算法在实际应用中定位误差较大的问题,提出一种基于跳数修正的改进算法。在引入限跳机制的条件下,按未知节点与信标节点间的跳数值分类估算,对1跳区域内的节点采用RSSI测距技术,对于节点间跳数值大于1跳的节点,则利用信标节点间实际距离与估计距离的误差值修正平均每跳距离。仿真实验表明,在相同的网络条件下,与原DV-Hop定位算法和其他改进算法相比,改进后的算法能更有效地减少跳距估算带来的定位误差,提高平均定位精度并保持较好的算法稳定性。     

基于跳数区域划分的DV-Hop改进算法

DV-Hop节点定位算法使用跳数乘以平均每跳跳距估算节点间的距离,而平均每跳跳距的估算精确度与网络的拓扑结构、节点密度、节点通信半径等参数都有关系。针对DV-Hop算法过程存在的不足,为减少定位误差,本文提出了一种基于跳数区域划分的DV-Hop改进算法,引入了RSSI测距技术和限跳机制,优化参与定位的信标节点组合,采用多次三边测量法,最后用质心法确定未知节点坐标。MATLAB仿真测试表明,在相同的检测环境下,改进后的算法与其他改进算法相比,能更有效地降低定位误差,提高定位精度。     

基于RSSI测距误差修正的改进型DV-distance差分定位算法

DV-distance是一种基于多跳机制的定位算法,其相邻节点间的距离通过RSSI测距技术实际测量得到。为了减少RSSI测距误差对定位精度的影响,首先对RSSI测距误差进行修正,再对已有的信标节点间计算距离误差修正值的方法作进一步改进,提出一种基于RSSI测距误差修正的改进型DV-distance差分定位算法。仿真结果表明,相比已有的定位算法,该改进算法不仅能提高节点的定位精度,还能减少网络通信开销及计算复杂度。     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.     

The Distributed Time-Triggered Simulation Scheme: Core Principles and Supporting Execution Engine

Distributed real-time simulation is a young technology field but its practice is under increasing demands. In recent years the author and his collaborators have been establishing a new approach called the distributed time-triggered simulation (DTS) scheme which is conceptually simple and easy to use but widely applicable. The concept was initiated in the course of developing a new-generation object-oriented real-time programming scheme called the time-triggered message-triggered object (TMO) programming scheme. Some fundamental issues inherent in distributed real-time simulation that were learned during recent experimental studies are discussed along with some approaches for resolving the issues. An execution engine developed to support both the TMOs engaged in control computation and the TMOs engaged in DTS is also discussed along with its possible extensions that will enable significantly larger-scale DTSs.     

Software-Konfigurationsmanagement in großen Softwareprojekten

Zusammenfassung Mit zunehmender Größe der Softwaresysteme verschärfen sich die für die Software-Herstellung typischen Probleme: Beherrschen großer Objektmengen, Erhalten der Systemkonsistenz, Kontrolle der ständigen Änderungseinflüsse und Gewährleisten einer langen Lebensdauer. Die Disziplin Konfigurationsmanagement bildet den methodischen Ansatz, diese Probleme besser zu beherrschen. Software-Konfigurationsmanagement faßt die Herstellung von Softwaresystemen als eine Abfolge von kontrollierten Änderungen an gesicherten Zwischen- und Endergebnissen auf. Dargestellt werden die Objekte und Funktionen des Software-Konfigurationsmanagements sowie die hierfür in großen Software-Projekten benötigten Methoden, Instanzen und Hilfsmittel.     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and     

Editorial:Brain-machine interface(BMI) and cyborg intelligence

正Brain-machine interfaces(BMIs)aim at building a direct communication pathway between the brain and an external device,and represent an area of research where significant progress has been made during the past decade.Based on BMIs,mind information can be read out by neural signals to control     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate     

SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 57(2014)

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Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate