16α取代雌二醇衍生物的三维定量构效关系和分子对接研究

采用比较分子力场方法(CoMFA)及分子对接方法对一系列雌二醇衍生物的3D-QSAR及其与受体作用方式进行研究,建立了3D-QSAR的CoMFA模型,获得了化合物的相对亲合力RBA(Relative Binding Affinity)与静电场及立体场分布之间的关系;CoMFA模型的统计学参数为:q2=0.667,r2=0.939,sD=0.280,F=49.033,立体场与静电场的贡献分别为56.8%和41.6%.相对亲合力小的化合物一般带有较大的取代基,其对接能量得分较低;相对亲合力大的化合物一般带有较小的取代基,其对接能量得分较高.化合物的对接能量得分和相对亲合力之间有良好的线性关系,其线性相关系数R为0.890.活性口袋周围的环境也与3D-QSAR的立体场分布相匹配.对接结果还显示这类化合物和雌激素的结合主要是通过氢键作用来实现,即3-OH与R394上的氨基以及17-OH与受体残基H524咪唑环上的氮形成的氢键.     

苯甲酰氨类HDAC2抑制剂的3D-QSAR及虚拟筛选研究

本文应用传统比较分子力场分析法CoMFA,比较分子相似性指数法CoMSIA和Topomer CoMFA方法,对组蛋白去乙酰化酶2(HDAC2)的苯甲酰胺类抑制剂进行了构效关系和基于药效团的筛选研究。基于分子片段建模的Topomer CoMFA的交叉验证系数q~2为0.594,预测相关系数r~2_(pred)为0.973。基于对接活性构象叠合得到的CoMFA,CoMSIA的交叉验证相关系数q~2分别为0.634,0.561,预测相关系数r~2_(pred)分别为0.905,0.68。基于药效团模型011叠合的CoMFA,CoMSIA交叉验证相关系数q~2分别为0.588,0.592,预测相关系数r~2_(pred)分别为0.68,0.859。结果表明这5个3D-QSAR模型均具有良好的稳定性和预测能力。另外,由18个活性较高结构多样的分子建立了可靠的药效团模型。运用药效团模型011和016对NCI数据库进行筛选,将筛选得到的分子与HDAC2蛋白酶进行分子对接,并由PASS进行活性验证,最终得到了18个分子,且对接打分值都大于6,可作为新的HDAC2抑制剂。     

1,2,4-oxadiazole类非季胺肟胆碱酯酶重活化剂的CoMFA研究

应用比较分子力场法(CoMFA)研究一系列1,2,4-oxadiazole非季胺肟类乙酰胆碱酯酶(AChE)重活化剂的三维定量构效关系。以肟基(-c=N-OH)部分进行有效分子重叠,得到两个不同种属的CoMFA 摸型的交叉验证系数q~2>0.5,具有一定预测能力及合理性。其中,该类化合物在复活人类体外EPMP 抑制的AChE 活性的3D-QSAR 模型中q~2=0.530,非交叉验证模型相关系数r~2=0.992,标准偏差SE=0.198,F=196.7;并依据此模型设计、预测了3个理论上具有较高活性的化合物。     

DNA依赖蛋白激酶抑制剂的CoMFA研究

运用比较分子力场分析方法(CoMFA),以DNA依赖蛋白激酶(DNA-PK)抑制剂分子为研究对象,建立1组对DNA依赖蛋白激酶有抑制活性化合物的三维定量构效关系(3D-QSAR)模型,探索其活性数据和三维结构参数的关系,所建最佳模型交叉验证相关系数q2=0.670,非交叉验证相关系数R2=0.993,标准偏差SD=0.053,说明该模型预测能力较好.根据CoMFA模型的三维等势图可知,小体积、电负性大的取代基团,能提高该类化合物的活性,为新型DNA-PK抑制剂分子的设计提供了理论依据.     

噻唑类Fascin蛋白抑制剂的3D-QSAR研究

本文针对43个噻唑衍生物Fascin蛋白抑制剂,运用CoMFA(比较分子力场分析)以及CoMSIA(比较分子相似性指数分析)这两种经典的3D-QSAR方法,建立了CoMFA模型和CoMSIA模型,分别对其进行三维定量构效关系研究。CoMFA模型和CoMSIA模型的交叉验证系数q~2分别为0.731和0.846,相关系数r~2分别为0.969和0.926。这两种模型都显示出了比较好的预测性和稳定性。它们的三维等势图以及对接结果也证实了抑制剂活性和结构特征之间的关系,可以为今后设计研究新型Fascin抑制剂而提供了理论基础。     

比较分子力场法研究5,6-二氢-(9H)-吡唑[3,4-c]-1,2,4-三唑[4,3-a]吡啶类抑制剂的定量构效关系

利用比较分子力场分析法(CoMFA),以5,6-二氢-(9H)-吡唑[3,4-c]-1,2,4一三唑[4,3-a]吡啶类抑制剂为研究对象,建立一组对嗜酸性粒细胞磷酸二酯酶有抑制活性的化合物及其三维定量构效关系(3D-QSAR)模型,探索化合物活性数据和三维结构参数之间的关系.模型的交叉验证相关系数q2=0.565,非交叉验证相关系数r2=0.867,标准偏差SE=0.362,F=49.782,立体场和静电场的贡献值分别为72.7%和27.3%.该模型的预测能力较好,能够增大取代基体积和降低取代基电负性,可以提高该类化合物的活性.     

HMG-CoA还原酶抑制剂的3D-QSAR研究:基于分子对接和FlexS的叠合

HMG-CoA还原酶是降血脂药物设计的重要靶标,抑制该酶的活性可以有效地降低血浆总胆固醇水平,从而降低心脑血管疾病的发病几率。拜斯亭事件以后,他汀类药物的安全性特别是长期服用的安全性一直备受关注,所以,设计新型安全的HMGR抑制剂仍然十分迫切。本文利用已经建立的分子对接模型对接文献中已经报道的几组HMGR抑制剂分子,确定这些分子可能的结合构象。然后,利用比较分子力场分析(CoMFA)和比较分子相似性指数分析(CoMSIA)研究其三维定量构效关系,所建CoMFA、CoMSIA模型的交叉验证相关系数q~2分别为0.625和0.683(10组CV),对测试集化合物的活性预测结果与实验数据相关性很好,表明模型预测能力较强。分析出三维空间中各种分子场(立体、静电、疏水、氢键)的有利位置。同时,论文还采用FlexS的叠合方式构建CoMSIA模型,比较3D-QSAR研究中分子对接和分子场的叠合。     

应用比较分子力场分析法研究氯代苯酚化合物结构与活性的相关性

苯酚是一类对水生生物有严重危害作用的工业化合物。通过比较分子力场分析(CoMFA)法建立标题化合物对发光菌和浮萍活性的三维定量结构-活性关系(3D-QSAR)模型。其中,对发光菌的研究结果为:交叉验证系数q2=0．921,传统的相关系数(非交叉验证系数)R2=0．990。对浮萍的研究结果为:交叉验证系数q2=0．931,传统的相关系数(非交叉验证系数)R2= 0．995。取得优于文献的结果。     

2,5-二酮哌嗪类微管蛋白抑制剂的3D-QSAR研究

微管蛋白对细胞增殖极为重要,现已成为抗癌药物研发的重要靶标之一。针对53个以2,5-二酮哌嗪为基本骨架的微管蛋白抑制剂,分别运用比较分子力场分析(CoMFA)以及比较分子相似性指数分析(CoMSIA)2种经典方法进行了三维定量构效关系(3D-QSAR)研究,并依次建立了相关的模型。CoMFA模型的交叉验证系数q~2为0.642,相关系数r~2为0.996:CoMSIA模型的q~2和r~2,分别为0.725,0.908。模型具有较好的预测能力和较强的稳定性。3D-QSAR模型三维等势图揭示了一些结构特征与抑制活性的关系。我们希望这些研究为该类药物今后的设计和筛选提供可靠的理论依据。     

GABAA/BZ受体激动剂4-喹啉酮衍生物的DISCOtech及CoMFA研究

γ-氨基丁酸是重要的抑制性神经传递物质,4-喹啉酮衍生物作用于GABAA受体具有广泛的生物活性.本文采用DIS-COtech法构建大鼠GABAA/BZ受体4-喹啉酮衍生物激动剂的药效团模型,同时根据分子骨架叠合规则构建CoMFA模型,模型的交叉验证系数为0.681,非交叉验证系数为0.967,药效团模型和CoMFA模型具有一致性.根据模型分析配体-受体间的相互作用,设计一系列化合物并预报了其活性,为设计高活性的化合物提供参考.     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.     

The Distributed Time-Triggered Simulation Scheme: Core Principles and Supporting Execution Engine

Distributed real-time simulation is a young technology field but its practice is under increasing demands. In recent years the author and his collaborators have been establishing a new approach called the distributed time-triggered simulation (DTS) scheme which is conceptually simple and easy to use but widely applicable. The concept was initiated in the course of developing a new-generation object-oriented real-time programming scheme called the time-triggered message-triggered object (TMO) programming scheme. Some fundamental issues inherent in distributed real-time simulation that were learned during recent experimental studies are discussed along with some approaches for resolving the issues. An execution engine developed to support both the TMOs engaged in control computation and the TMOs engaged in DTS is also discussed along with its possible extensions that will enable significantly larger-scale DTSs.     

Software-Konfigurationsmanagement in großen Softwareprojekten

Zusammenfassung Mit zunehmender Größe der Softwaresysteme verschärfen sich die für die Software-Herstellung typischen Probleme: Beherrschen großer Objektmengen, Erhalten der Systemkonsistenz, Kontrolle der ständigen Änderungseinflüsse und Gewährleisten einer langen Lebensdauer. Die Disziplin Konfigurationsmanagement bildet den methodischen Ansatz, diese Probleme besser zu beherrschen. Software-Konfigurationsmanagement faßt die Herstellung von Softwaresystemen als eine Abfolge von kontrollierten Änderungen an gesicherten Zwischen- und Endergebnissen auf. Dargestellt werden die Objekte und Funktionen des Software-Konfigurationsmanagements sowie die hierfür in großen Software-Projekten benötigten Methoden, Instanzen und Hilfsmittel.     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and     

Editorial:Brain-machine interface(BMI) and cyborg intelligence

正Brain-machine interfaces(BMIs)aim at building a direct communication pathway between the brain and an external device,and represent an area of research where significant progress has been made during the past decade.Based on BMIs,mind information can be read out by neural signals to control     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate     

SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 57(2014)

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Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate