基于空间角度理论的卫星光学遥感数据认知与挖掘

随着科学技术的发展,新的探测器不断地升空,卫星光学遥感数据经历了长周期的积累和更新。如何有效地开发与利用巨量遥数据,从中挖掘出稳藏的信息和信知识化是当前面临的严峻挑战。首先分析了地面物质和结构光谱与卫星遥感信息之间的关系,建立了空间角度模型;然后以多维遥感信息的象元矢量和波段趋势面分析为基础,分析了当前用来处理光学遥感数据的商业化”最优化“算法在处理遥感数据时经出现的”欠优”结果的原因;最后,通过     

不同粒度遥感信息的非线性优化Otsu分割算法

遥感影像具有覆盖面广、光谱信息丰富及不同粒度的遥感信息应用需求特点,传统的图像分割算法不能较好地适用于这类图像的信息提取。针对遥感影像多波段的特性和遥感信息不同粒度需求的特点,基于最大类间方差算法(Otsu算法),设计了不同粒度遥感信息的非线性优化Otsu分割算法:(1)引入PCA 算法对遥感影像的多波段数据进行降维,降低了遥感影像的信息冗余度;(2)基于最小值判断,添加分割算法的终止条件,提高了不同粒度遥感信息分割的计算效率。最后,以舟山海域的空间地物信息提取为例,比较了非线性优化Otsu分割算法与传统的Otsu、２D-Otsu、K-means、FCM 分割算法的优劣性。结果表明,非线性优化Otsu分割算法: (1)兼顾了遥感影像的波谱信息,降低了遥感信息的错分率;(2)通过降低遥感影像的信息冗余,提高了计算效率;以两类地物类别提取为例,与Otsu算法相比,时间效率提高了59.88％;(3)通过添加计算约束条件,求解不同地物类,别的分割阈值,满足了不同粒度遥感信息的应用需求。     

不同粒度遥感信息的非线性优化Otsu分割算法

遥感影像具有覆盖面广、光谱信息丰富及不同粒度的遥感信息应用需求特点,传统的图像分割算法不能较好地适用于这类图像的信息提取。针对遥感影像多波段的特性和遥感信息不同粒度需求的特点,基于最大类间方差算法(Otsu算法),设计了不同粒度遥感信息的非线性优化Otsu分割算法:(1)引入PCA算法对遥感影像的多波段数据进行降维,降低了遥感影像的信息冗余度;(2)基于最小值判断,添加分割算法的终止条件,提高了不同粒度遥感信息分割的计算效率。最后,以舟山海域的空间地物信息提取为例,比较了非线性优化Otsu分割算法与传统的Otsu、2D-Otsu、K-means、FCM分割算法的优劣性。结果表明,非线性优化Otsu分割算法:(1)兼顾了遥感影像的波谱信息,降低了遥感信息的错分率;(2)通过降低遥感影像的信息冗余,提高了计算效率;以两类地物类别提取为例,与Otsu算法相比,时间效率提高了59.88%;(3)通过添加计算约束条件,求解不同地物类别的分割阈值,满足了不同粒度遥感信息的应用需求。     

三维遥感信息的数据模型及应用

三维遥感技术是能同时获取定位（位置）、定性（多波段遥感信息）信息的遥感技术,而三维遥感信息是具有三维地理位置的遥感信息。本文对三维遥感数据的信息模型进行了详细分析和阐述,并对数据模型的表示、处理和存储的数据结构进行了论述。在此基础上结构机载三维成像仪系统获取的三维遥感数据,通过三维遥感数据模型的具体应用,说明了三维遥感模型的可行性。     

利用贝叶斯网络进行遥感变化检测

多时相遥感信息变化检测及其算法探索是当前国际遥感领域研究的热点,但是贝叶斯网络在遥感数据分类、特别是应用在变化检测方面的文献却很少。本文介绍了利用贝叶斯网络的变量间独立性测试原理,构建了输入两个时相多波段遥感信息的有向无环结构,利用训练后的网络进行两个时相多波段遥感变化信息的检测,取得了较好的效果。对北京六环线以内区域,1994年、2003年5种地类变化信息的遥感数据检测和类型转换进行了统计,其中耕地转换为城镇的占整个区域的26.52%,绿地增加占整个区域4.68%,水体减少占整个区域6.78%,导致裸地增加占整个区域4.80%,这个结果也在1∶5万的航空影像和地面上得到了验证。实验结果表明,贝叶斯网络为遥感数据的直接变化检测提供了一种新的途径。     

群智能方法在遥感信息提取中的应用分析

遥感数据作为重要的空间数据源,在众多领域发挥着不可或缺的作用。遥感信息获取技术的不断发展与遥感数据应用领域的不断扩展,促进了遥感信息提取方法的不断进步。随着人工智能算法不断被提出及成功应用,遥感信息提取领域也在逐步引入智能算法实现高效的信息提取。在对遥感信息提取方法的研究进展进行深入分析的基础上,剖析了群智能方法应用于遥感信息提取领域的潜力与优势。并应用微粒群优化方法进行遥感数据的分类,实现了微粒群优化方法应用于遥感数据分类的技术流程,取得了很好的实验结果。因此,群智能方法能够为遥感信息提取领域提供一种新的有效智能处理方法。     

容差粗糙集卫星遥感数据分类

结合粗糙集理论和遥感数据中地物光谱特征空间分布信息,提出了一种基于光谱特征邻域的容差粗糙集分类方法,用来处理卫星遥感数据分类中的不确定性问题。利用北京地区Landsat-5 TM数据进行分类试验,对算法分类过程进行讨论及其分类结果进行验证分析;结果表明:文中方法在可理解性和稳定性上体现出比较好的性质,能够有效处理卫星遥感数据分类中存在的不确定性因素,在具有复杂光谱特征地物分类方面具有发展潜力。     

我国90年代陆基遥感定位测试研究的初步分析

从光学遥感、微波遥感、大气遥感等方面对我国90年代陆基遥感测试研究工作进行回顾。研究工作表明,陆基遥感测试研究对空基遥感信息的分析和应用是不可缺少的基础性工作,对提高遥感信息应用的定量化水平有着重要作用。分析中也得出陆基遥感测试研究存在的问题,主要表现在陆基遥感测试的频度和稳定程度较低,需要在时间和空间维上加强陆基遥感测试工作,为空基遥感信息的定量分析提供有效的地面数据支持。     

基于函数近似原理的遥感数据分类算法

将人不可及的观测通称为遥感。高光谱卫星遥感数据是由人造卫星获得的一系列地表物体电磁波信号反射值。高光谱数据信息含量大,其各电磁波波段波长间隔最小可在10nm左右[6]。文章所介绍的聚类算法是一种专门用于处理高光谱卫星遥感数据的数据挖掘新算法。该算法以函数近似原理为理论基础,考虑了温度变化对于遥感数据的干扰影响。将该算法与ENVI软件提供的督导类分类算法进行比较,实验结果表明在样本数据较少情况下该算法的性能和可靠性都具有相当的优势。为了表述方便将文章提到的聚类算法简称为＂函数聚类＂算法。     

赤潮遥感进展与算法研究

回顾了国内外赤潮遥感研究概况,介绍赤潮遥感的生物物理化学依据,并总结利用卫星光学遥感数据反演赤潮信息的算法研究成果。     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.     

The Distributed Time-Triggered Simulation Scheme: Core Principles and Supporting Execution Engine

Distributed real-time simulation is a young technology field but its practice is under increasing demands. In recent years the author and his collaborators have been establishing a new approach called the distributed time-triggered simulation (DTS) scheme which is conceptually simple and easy to use but widely applicable. The concept was initiated in the course of developing a new-generation object-oriented real-time programming scheme called the time-triggered message-triggered object (TMO) programming scheme. Some fundamental issues inherent in distributed real-time simulation that were learned during recent experimental studies are discussed along with some approaches for resolving the issues. An execution engine developed to support both the TMOs engaged in control computation and the TMOs engaged in DTS is also discussed along with its possible extensions that will enable significantly larger-scale DTSs.     

Call for Papers The 6^th International Conference on Grid and Cooperative Computing

Recent years have seen rapid advances in various grid-related technologies, middleware, and applications. The GCC conference has become one of the largest scientific events worldwide in grid and cooperative computing. The 6th international conference on grid and cooperative computing (GCC2007) Sponsored by China Computer Federation (CCF),Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICT) and Xinjiang University ,and in Cooperation with IEEE Computer Soceity ,is to be held from August 16 to 18, 2007 in Urumchi, Xinjiang, China.     

Software-Konfigurationsmanagement in großen Softwareprojekten

Zusammenfassung Mit zunehmender Größe der Softwaresysteme verschärfen sich die für die Software-Herstellung typischen Probleme: Beherrschen großer Objektmengen, Erhalten der Systemkonsistenz, Kontrolle der ständigen Änderungseinflüsse und Gewährleisten einer langen Lebensdauer. Die Disziplin Konfigurationsmanagement bildet den methodischen Ansatz, diese Probleme besser zu beherrschen. Software-Konfigurationsmanagement faßt die Herstellung von Softwaresystemen als eine Abfolge von kontrollierten Änderungen an gesicherten Zwischen- und Endergebnissen auf. Dargestellt werden die Objekte und Funktionen des Software-Konfigurationsmanagements sowie die hierfür in großen Software-Projekten benötigten Methoden, Instanzen und Hilfsmittel.     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and     

Editorial:Brain-machine interface(BMI) and cyborg intelligence

正Brain-machine interfaces(BMIs)aim at building a direct communication pathway between the brain and an external device,and represent an area of research where significant progress has been made during the past decade.Based on BMIs,mind information can be read out by neural signals to control     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate