基于改进蚁群优化算法的无线传感器网络路由研究

无线传感器网络为能量受限系统,为了促使网络节点能量消耗相对均衡,将蚁群优化(ACO)算法应用于无线传感器网络的路由选择,提出一种基于能量均衡的无线传感器网络路由算法。该算法将节点能量作为转移概率规则启发因子,通过计算转移概率和适应度值找到最优路径。仿真结果表明:该算法可以显著减低网络总能耗,从而延长无线传感器网络的生命周期。     

无线传感器网络路由中合作性重复博弈模型的研究

无线传感器网络中,节点能耗、路径可靠度以及节点的死亡时间是传感器网络路由需要考虑的关键因素.为了提高能量利用率和传感器网络收益,在节点理性且自私的条件下,运用博弈论方法提出了一种基于节点合作的数据包发送/转发的重复博弈模型,设计了一个与路径连通度和节点能量消耗有关的收益函数,采用惩罚机制使重复博弈模型存在子博弈精炼纳什均衡,降低了自私节点背叛的可能性.实验结果表明:采用惩罚机制的重复博弈能够提高网络的收益,同时也提高了网络吞吐量,任何自私节点的不合作行为都导致节点的能量浪费和节点的整体收益下降.     

基于博弈论的无线传感网能量均衡模型

提出一种基于贝叶斯博弈的无线传感网能量均衡算法,该算法将每次数据转发过程分解为两个阶段的博弈。第一阶段博弈是指节点结合自身能量水平及参与博弈其他节点的战略,构造静态贝叶斯博弈模型,以最优化期望收益函数的解作为节点参与路由转发数据包的最优决策概率;第二阶段博弈是指源节点与邻居节点根据能量水平及相互战略,构造博弈模型,根据最大化期望收益函数的解,决定双方在博弈阶段的最优转发包数量。仿真实验结果表明,本文提出的算法能够有效地均衡网络的能量消耗,延长网络的生存时间。     

无线传感器网络中基于博弈论的路由建模

在资源受限的无线传感器网络中,路径的可靠度,网络能耗和生存时间是路由问题中需要考虑的三个关键因素.我们把智能传感器节点在路由中联合优化以上三个因素的行为动机提炼为节点的理性偏好,基于该理性偏好,给出了一个动态路由博弈模型.针对该模型的博弈分析表明,对于节点个数有限的无线传感器网络,其路由博弈存在一个纯策略的纳什均衡且最优路径就是纳什均衡的结果.     

基于非合作博弈的无线传感器网络功率控制研究

如何提高能量的有效性是无线传感器网络（WSNs）设计的重要问题,针对WSNs在多媒体等业务中的应用,对基于码分多址（CDMA）通信方式的WSNs模型,提出一种基于非合作博弈的WSNs功率控制算法,并证明了该算法纳什均衡的存在性及唯一性.仿真结果表明,所提出的算法在设计时充分考虑了节点的剩余能量问题,因此能够很好地降低网络的总发射功率,有效地节约节点能量,延长网络的生命周期.     

基于不完全信息博弈的传感器网络能量平衡路由

针对无线传感器网络能耗不均匀的问题, 提出了一种基于博弈论模型的能量平衡路由 (Game theory-based energy balance routing, GTEBR) 算法. GTEBR 算法通过引入仲裁机制及自信概率, 将不完全信息的静态博弈转换为完全但不完美的信息静态博弈, 采用静态博弈的方法解决问题. 本文设计了适合传感器节点的解算机制, 并对采用 GTEBR 算法后的传感器网络纳什均衡的存在性作出了证明. 最后仿真实验表明, 采用 GTEBR 算法具有良好的收敛性以及很好的性能.     

基于信任的无线传感器网络时隙分配博弈分析

为了帮助无线传感器网络作出既有利于自身收益又能抑制恶意节点的决策,提出了一种信任激励的时隙分配博弈模型。根据收益矩阵对恶意节点和簇头之间的非零和博弈关系进行了认知和分解,指出了破坏行为可以抑制的原因是纳什均衡可以作为惩罚阻止节点偏离收益更高的策略组合。在此基础上建立了博弈模型,然后证明了无限重复博弈中的纳什回归策略成为子博弈完美均衡的充分必要条件。采用单轮纳什均衡惩罚合作性策略的偏离者,从而使恶意节点与簇头的无限重复博弈能够产生合作效应。仿真实验结果表明,根据该模型作出的决策可以增加网络收益并抑制恶意节点的破坏行为。     

基于博弈理论的农田能量异构网络节点协同资源利用

针对无线传感器网络中耗能不均问题,以及可再生能源节点在农田无线传感器网络中应用的具体情况,将博弈理论引入无线传感器网络能耗问题研究中,建立了基于博弈理论的节点成簇方法,实现提高可再生能源利用率、均衡非可再生能源节点能耗的目标。方法首先建立簇收益与簇内节点收益评估模型,进行簇收益计算、簇内的两类能量异构节点个体收益的计算。在计算簇收益和节点收益的基础上进行节点成簇博弈,使得成簇方案向收益更高的策略空间进行跳转,最终达到博弈中的均衡状态。仿真实验表明,通过博弈进行无线传感器网络成簇,能够充分利用可再生能源节点能量,降低和均衡非可再生能源节点能耗,最终达到延长网络寿命的目标。     

基于博弈论的无线传感器网络簇间路由选择算法

针对无线传感器网络(WSN)中,网络覆盖范围大,但传感器节点通信范围有限,长距离传输容易造成数据丢失的问题,提出了一种基于博弈论的无线传感器网络簇间路由算法,通过建立以网络服务质量(QoS)和节点剩余能量为效用函数的博弈模型,并求解其纳什均衡来解决以上问题。仿真结果表明：所提出的博弈模型在优化网络服务质量、降低节点能耗的同时,延长了整个网络的生存时间。     

一种基于分环的能量高效无线传感器网络分簇路由协议

针对现存分簇路由协议能耗不均衡和簇首节点死亡过早的缺陷,设计了一种基于分环模型的能量高效分簇路由协议.根据节点剩余能量和位置选举簇首,采用主次簇首轮换方式减低簇首节点能耗.仿真结果表明:该算法能够均衡网络能耗,延长无线传感器网络生命周期.     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

Call for Papers The 6^th International Conference on Grid and Cooperative Computing

Recent years have seen rapid advances in various grid-related technologies, middleware, and applications. The GCC conference has become one of the largest scientific events worldwide in grid and cooperative computing. The 6th international conference on grid and cooperative computing (GCC2007) Sponsored by China Computer Federation (CCF),Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICT) and Xinjiang University ,and in Cooperation with IEEE Computer Soceity ,is to be held from August 16 to 18, 2007 in Urumchi, Xinjiang, China.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.     

The Distributed Time-Triggered Simulation Scheme: Core Principles and Supporting Execution Engine

Distributed real-time simulation is a young technology field but its practice is under increasing demands. In recent years the author and his collaborators have been establishing a new approach called the distributed time-triggered simulation (DTS) scheme which is conceptually simple and easy to use but widely applicable. The concept was initiated in the course of developing a new-generation object-oriented real-time programming scheme called the time-triggered message-triggered object (TMO) programming scheme. Some fundamental issues inherent in distributed real-time simulation that were learned during recent experimental studies are discussed along with some approaches for resolving the issues. An execution engine developed to support both the TMOs engaged in control computation and the TMOs engaged in DTS is also discussed along with its possible extensions that will enable significantly larger-scale DTSs.     

Software-Konfigurationsmanagement in großen Softwareprojekten

Zusammenfassung Mit zunehmender Größe der Softwaresysteme verschärfen sich die für die Software-Herstellung typischen Probleme: Beherrschen großer Objektmengen, Erhalten der Systemkonsistenz, Kontrolle der ständigen Änderungseinflüsse und Gewährleisten einer langen Lebensdauer. Die Disziplin Konfigurationsmanagement bildet den methodischen Ansatz, diese Probleme besser zu beherrschen. Software-Konfigurationsmanagement faßt die Herstellung von Softwaresystemen als eine Abfolge von kontrollierten Änderungen an gesicherten Zwischen- und Endergebnissen auf. Dargestellt werden die Objekte und Funktionen des Software-Konfigurationsmanagements sowie die hierfür in großen Software-Projekten benötigten Methoden, Instanzen und Hilfsmittel.     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and     

Editorial:Brain-machine interface(BMI) and cyborg intelligence

正Brain-machine interfaces(BMIs)aim at building a direct communication pathway between the brain and an external device,and represent an area of research where significant progress has been made during the past decade.Based on BMIs,mind information can be read out by neural signals to control     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate     

SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 57(2014)

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