基于QoS的网格负载调度算法

针对多数启发式算法不能满足任务紧迫性需求的问题,基于Min-min算法和Sufferage算法的优点提出基于紧迫性需求的系统损失与任务复杂度平衡(QoS-based BSLTC)算法。在网格任务中加入QoS参数,在任务调度过程中,基于任务的分配损失和权衡系数,比较最大损失任务和最高计算复杂度任务,选出对系统性能影响最大的任务,并将该任务映射到完成时间最早的资源。分析结果表明,与Min-min算法和Sufferage算法相比,QoS-based BSLTC算法具有执行效率高、任务完成总时间短、负载均衡度高、兼顾任务紧迫性的优点。     

一种双匹配动态调度算法

提出了适于异构环境独立任务调度的双匹配动态调度算法（BM算法）．BM算法将任务与处理机实现双匹配，使大部分任务在执行时间最短而且完成时间最早的处理机上执行．对于无法实现双匹配的任务，采用最早完成时间最小者优先的策略进行调度．BM算法可以同时满足负载均衡和高吞吐率两个目标．BM算法与通常用作评测基准的Min-min算法的比较结果表明，BM算法的运行时间远少于Min-min算法，其调度跨度比Min-min算法减少约9％．     

基于多QoS约束的数据网格任务调度算法研究

针对数据网格环境下的多QoS约束任务调度问题,提出了一种基于最早完成时间与QoS相识度的数据网格任务调度算法(data grid task scheduling algorithm based on Min-min and QoS similarity,MS-GTSA).该算法将最早完成时间与S-GTSA算法相结合,在任务调度过程中,选取任务QoS约束与资源QoS匹配最佳,且完成时间最早的一项优先进行调度.在满足任务最佳QoS匹配的同时,时间跨度得到了较大的改善.仿真结果表明,该算法有效降低了任务调度的时间跨度,在综合性能上较S-GTSA算法有所提高.     

一种适于异构环境的任务调度算法

针对异构环境独立任务调度问题提出两个调度原则,并基于Min-min算法提出优先级最小最早完成时间算法(Priority min-min,PMM).该算法将任务在各处理机上执行时间的标准误差作为任务的优先级.选取最早完成时间较小的k个任务,优先调度其中优先级最高的一个.在实验基础上分析了参数$k$对PMM算法性能的影响. PMM算法克服了min-min算法单纯追求局部最优的局限性,更适合于异构环境.实验数据表明PMM算法能有效地降低调度跨度,其性能比min-min算法有明显提高.     

异构多核处理器的任务调度算法

在研究Min-min、Max-min算法和Sufferage算法基础上,针对异构多核处理器的特点,提出一种任务静态调度算法——自适应分段Sufferage算法（Adaptive Segmented Sufferage,ASS）。该算法以最早完成时间和负载均衡为目标进行任务分配,先将任务分配分成两个阶段：在第一个阶段以最少完成时间作为分配原则进行分配,选择单位时间内节省时间最多的任务先分配;在第二个阶段以负载均衡为分配原则进行分配,选择执行时间大的任务先分配。然后选取不同调节参数,对任务进行多次重新分配,以最小的最大完成时间为最后分配结果,实现自适应调节。通过实验验证,该算法在实现最少完成时间的前提下能很好地达到负载均衡。     

基于QoS Guided Min-min改进后的网格调度算法

在对网格调度现有算法的研究基础之上,对QoS Guided Min-min算法进行了分析,介绍了在任务对资源有特殊要求时算法的不足,并对其进行了改进.最后,使用GridSim模拟任务调度,对Min-min算法、QoS Guided Min-min算法和改进后的QoS Guided Min-min算法进行对比分析,验证了改进后算法的高效性.     

云计算环境下虚拟资源自适应调度策略

由于云计算环境下的资源调度与以往网格调度存在巨大差异,提出了一种适应云计算环境的虚拟资源调度方法;首先定义了虚拟资源调度数学模型,然后给出了一种改进的遗传算法,该算法采用经典网格任务调度算法Min-min获取初始最优解,通过海明距离约束产生初始种群,并将调度模型对应的目标函数改进为适应度函数,对交叉算子、变异算子、交叉概率和变异概率等都进行了改进;最后,通过实验证明文中方法能获得全局最早完成时间,与其它方法相比,文中方法所求解的最早完成时间提高了近20%,是一种适合云计算环境的虚拟资源调度方法。     

设备网格中的任务调度算法

基于设备网格环境中仪器设备的利用率和提交任务的QoS需求来考虑,结合任务调度算法Min-min,提出了一种设备网格中的Qos-Balance任务调度算法.该算法既保证了负载均衡性和又可满足提交任务的QoS需求.实验结果表明,该算法是一种可行的设备网格任务调度算法.最后介绍了算法实验的结果分析.     

云计算环境下基于模板的任务调度策略与算法

针对云计算任务调度,提出了一种基于模板的任务调度（Template-based Task Scheduling,TTS）策略。该策略充分考虑了通信开销,在对任务分配进行预处理的基础上实现任务调度,主要分为两步：针对一个任务集合,采用可分任务调度求解子任务大小的方法,求出各个处理机应该分担的任务量模板;根据求出的模板,采用合理的调度算法对任务进行调度,从而得到较优的调度结果。在TTS策略下,对传统贪心算法加以改进,最终提出基于模板的任务调度贪心算法（Template-based Task Scheduling Greedy Algorithm,TTSGdA）。与Min-min算法和遗传算法的对比实验结果表明,TTSGdA能够有效减少任务集合完成时间。     

基于网络带宽约束的网格任务调度算法研究

在对网格计算任务调度算法的研究中,分析一般适应性调度启发算法即最小一最小(Min-min)算法的不足,在最小一最小(Min-min)算法的基础上,加入考虑QoS方面主要是网络带宽因素的任务调度算法.对以上算法做了实验并指出下一步的研究方向.     

网格任务调度算法Min-min的GridSim模拟实现

该文用模拟方法研究网格中的任务调度问题．首先对Min—min算法进行分析,然后用GfidSim对Min-min调度算法进行模拟实现,阐述了实现过程,并统计模拟结果,对Min—min算法的MakeSpan和负载等性能进行了分析,验证了模拟实现过程的正确性。     

基于信任QoS增强的网格服务调度算法

针对目前服务网格资源管理中存在的信任机制与调度机制分离的缺陷,基于网格信任模型与信任效益函数,讨论了信任QoS增强的计算服务调度问题．分析传统调度算法的缺陷,提出了基于信任关系的网格服务调度算法．该算法在保证服务性能Qos要求的同时兼顾信任QoS的要求．对基于信任关系的网格服务调度算法性能进行了多角度分析和大规模仿真实验．结果表明:该算法较传统的基于性能QoS的调度启发式和另外两种基于信任Qos的调度启发式而言,不仅具有较优的平均信任效益、总信任效益和较小的最终服务期,而且在失效服务数和系统吞吐率等方面具有较好的综合性能．     

An SCP-based heuristic approach for scheduling distributed data-intensive applications on global grids

Data-intensive Grid applications need access to large data sets that may each be replicated on different resources. Minimizing the overhead of transferring these data sets to the resources where the applications are executed requires that appropriate computational and data resources be selected. In this paper, we consider the problem of scheduling an application composed of a set of independent tasks, each of which requires multiple data sets that are each replicated on multiple resources. We break this problem into two parts: one, to match each task (or job) to one compute resource for executing the job and one storage resource each for accessing each data set required by the job and two, to assign the set of tasks to the selected resources. We model the first part as an instance of the well-known Set Covering Problem (SCP) and apply a known heuristic for SCP to match jobs to resources. The second part is tackled by extending existing MinMin and Sufferage algorithms to schedule the set of distributed data-intensive tasks. Through simulation, we experimentally compare the SCP-based matching heuristic to others in conjunction with the task scheduling algorithms and present the results.     

On the importance of breaking ties in the relaxed plan heuristic

The relaxed plan heuristic is a domain-independent heuristic for automated planning that computes an estimate of the cost for achieving the goals from a given state. This heuristic is based on the idea of solving a relaxed version of the planning task. Due to the great size of the state space, most heuristic search algorithms in planning suffer from scalability problems. These algorithms have to evaluate a great amount of states, and the time devoted to heuristic evaluations is one of the causes of the scalability problems. We argue that one way to lighten this problem is breaking ties in the heuristic value using additional information computed during the relaxed plan construction. We add a complementary value to the heuristic, allowing algorithms to discriminate between states with relaxed plans of the same length but with a different difficulty. The experimental evaluation in some planning benchmarks shows that the modification to the original heuristic can reduce the number of evaluated nodes for the most common algorithms used in heuristic planning.     

Scheduling independent tasks on heterogeneous processors using heuristics and Column Pricing

Efficiently scheduling a set of independent tasks on a virtual supercomputer formed by many heterogeneous components has great practical importance, since such systems are commonly used nowadays. Scheduling efficiency can be seen as the problem of minimizing the overall execution time (makespan) of the set of tasks under question. This problem is known to be NP-hard and is currently addressed using heuristics, evolutionary algorithms and other optimization methods. In this paper, firstly, two novel fast executing heuristics, called LSufferage and TPB, are introduced. L(ist)Sufferage is based on the known heuristic Sufferage and can achieve in general better results than it for most of the cases. T(enacious)PB is also based on another heuristic (Penalty Based) and incorporates new ideas that significantly improve the quality of the resulted schedule. Secondly, a mathematical model of the problem is presented alongside with an associated approach based on the Linear Programming method of Column Pricing. This approach, which is called Column Pricing with Restarts (CPR), can be categorized as a hybrid mathematical programming and heuristic approach and is capable of solving in reasonable time problem instances of practically any size. Experiments show that CPR achieves superior results improving over published results on problem instances of various sizes. Moreover, hardware requirements of CPR are minimal.     

A Heuristic Algorithm for Task Scheduling Based on Mean Load on Grid

Efficient task scheduling is critical to achieving high performance on grid computing environment. The task scheduling on grid is studied as optimization problem in this paper. A heuristic task scheduling algorithm satisfying resources load balancing on grid environment is presented. The algorithm schedules tasks by employing mean load based on task predictive execution time as heuristic information to obtain an initial scheduling strategy. Then an optimal scheduling strategy is achieved by selecting two machines satisfying condition to change their loads via reassigning their tasks under the heuristic of their mean load. Methods of selecting machines and tasks are given in this paper to increase the throughput of the system and reduce the total waiting time. The efficiency of the algorithm is analyzed and the performance of the proposed algorithm is evaluated via extensive simulation experiments. Experimental results show that the heuristic algorithm performs significantly to ensure high load balancing and achieve an optimal scheduling strategy almost all the time. Furthermore, results show that our algorithm is high efficient in terms of time complexity.     

The effects of heuristic rule training on operator performance in a simulated process control environment

In complex work environments, the occurrence of novel system states represents a particular challenge for the design of training. This article is concerned with the use of heuristic rules to prepare operators for the management of unfamiliar fault states. An experiment was carried out to examine the effects of heuristic rule training on operator performance and system management behaviour. Thirty-nine trainee operators from the chemical industry took part in the study. They were trained for 4 h on a PC-based simulation of a process control task. Operators in the experimental group received training on heuristic rules while operators in the control group did not. One week later the operators participated in a 70-min testing session. While the results showed that heuristic rules training led to better diagnostic performance, it was also associated with increased operator fatigue and impaired secondary task performance. The implications of the findings for using heuristic rule training are discussed.