清洗在集成电路封装过程中对静态电源电流(IDDSB)的影响

介绍了浸泡清洗、超声清洗和等离子清洗三种主要封装清洗的主要工作机理,及其在封装过程中的重要作用,通过对清洗前后集成电路静态电源电流变化情况的对比分析,研究不同的清洗方法对集成电路静态电源电流(IDDSB)的影响,为提高封装产品性能和封装质量提供数据支撑及理论依据,其对于产品可靠性的提升有着重要的意义。     

新颖的高灵敏度双金属层结构表面等离子波传感器的研究与优化设计

为了克服传统的表面等离子波传感器中金膜与玻璃棱镜基底附着力不足的缺陷,在金膜与棱镜之间增加一层银膜,从而有效地增加了金属膜与玻璃棱镜的附着强度,并增加了设计的自由度,通过基因算法对两金属层厚度优化设计,使得现在的设计不仅结构更加稳定,而且探测的灵敏度和线性度比起原有设计都得到有效提高.     

净窗优品,优于纯然!——长城喜世车窗净

正小组成,大功能!优质的汽车挡风玻璃清洗剂主要由水、酒精、润滑剂、缓蚀剂及多种表面活性剂组成。挡风玻璃清洗剂俗称玻璃水(即车窗净),是配合挡风玻璃雨刮器组合清洗挡风玻璃表面的污垢、虫胶的,其主要具有如下功能:1.清洗性能:车窗净是由多种表面活性剂及添加剂复配而成。表面活性剂通常具有润湿、渗透、增溶等功能,能快速清除车窗     

基于金纳米棒的DNA杂交检测

金纳米棒具有独特的光学性质与良好的生物适应性,在生物医学领域得到了日益广泛的应用.利用种子生长法,通过改变表面活性剂十二烷基二甲基苄基氯化铵(BDAC)的浓度所制备的8种不同长径比(AR)的金纳米棒,具有不同位置的纵向表面等离子共振(SPR)峰.在金纳米棒和非标记探针DNA的混合盐溶液中加入靶标DNA后检测,发现金纳米...     

Au纳米粒子修饰纳米片状结构衬底的SERS研究

通过电化学共沉积和化学脱合金处理在金属W片上制备了纳米片状基底,将Au纳米粒子通过等离子溅射到纳米片状基底上得到表面增强拉曼散射(SERS)衬底。采用扫描电子显微镜(FE-SEM)、能谱仪(EDX)对复合纳米衬底进行表征,罗丹明6G作为探测分子对SERS衬底的拉曼表面增强效果进行检测。通过实验发现:三维空间结构的纳米片状结构具有拉曼表面增强效应,溅射Au纳米颗粒得到的Au纳米片衬底信号增强效果显著。     

基于Ag纳米粒子的LSPR传感器装置设计与实现

设计了一种集原位芯片制备和在线检测于一体的局域表面等离子体共振(LSPR)生物传感器装置,减少了检测过程中芯片移动产生的误差,并实现了小型化、在线化、简易化的目标。在该装置上利用电沉积法制备了Ag纳米粒子的LSPR芯片,实验测试结果表明:氧化铟锡(ITO)层厚度为23±5 nm时,在-1.4 V电位,制得折射率灵敏度为246 nm/RIU的LSPR芯片。     

表面等离子共振传感器的研究进展

表面等离子体是在金属和电介质交界面上所形成的电荷层,在电磁波的激励下表面等离子体发生共振现象,影响电磁波的传播。根据这一原理制作的表面等离子共振传感器可对化学和生物等量进行探测。介绍了表面等离子共振传感器的工作原理和最新研究进展。由于具有体积小、准确度高、抗电磁干扰能力强和可用于遥测等优点,SPR传感器将有广泛的应用前景。     

基于小波分析的SPR传感器信号处理

介绍表面等离子共振(SPR)的基本原理,以及基于该原理的传感器试验设备和原理,将采集到的信号用正交紧支集小波Daubechies小波等方法进行处理,使设备对液体浓度的分辨率提高两个数量级,可满足较高精度测量的要求.     

基于CCD的玻璃厚度在线测量系统

浮法玻璃生产中需要对玻璃在高温区进行在线测量.研究了利用半导体激光和线阵CCD组成的在600℃高温条件下工作的玻璃厚度在线测量系统.系统采用循环水冷却方法使测头工作在正常条件下,利用软件对数据进行处理来克服高温气流等造成的随机误差.系统样机对玻璃厚度进行在线测量的精度达到15μm,测量范围为2～20 mm.     

流光溢彩的等离子电视

等离子电视，又叫PDP(Plasma Display Panel)电视、壁挂式电视。它是一种利用气体放电的显示装置，这种屏幕采用了等离子管作为发光元件。大量的等离子管排列在一起构成屏幕。每个等离子对应的每个小室内部充有氖氙气体。在等离子管电极间加上高压后，封在两层玻璃之间的等离子管小室中的气体会产生紫外光，从而激励平板显示器上的红绿蓝三基色荧光粉发出可见光。其屏幕厚度仅为普通电视的1／6，重量为1／10，薄超轻，亮度高、失真度小、色彩鲜艳、画面清晰，无论放于桌上、挂在墙上。或是悬挂在天花板上，给人的视觉感受比传统电视都舒适惬意的多。     

基于EWOD的锥形管状结构液体变焦透镜

提出了一种基于介质上电润湿(EWOD)的液体变焦透镜的新结构.它由一个依次覆盖有ITO透明导电薄膜及疏水介质膜的下极板、悬在其上的一个内外壁均覆盖有疏水层的玻璃锥管以及处于两者之间的导电液滴组成.通过改变ITO与液滴之间的电压大小,透镜的曲率及位置能同时被调节,从而实现对透镜焦距的调节.实验结果表明,该器件在0～50 V电压下可实现对2 cm至无穷远处物体的聚焦.     

Selective retrieval of microparticles in microchambers using electrolytically generated bubbles for cell array applications

This paper describes a method for the selective retrieval of microparticles using bubbles generated by electrolysis. Microparticles (polystyrene beads, mouse embryos, and cell spheroids) were arrayed in microchambers fabricated in SU-8 on the surface of an electrode consisting of indium tin oxide (ITO) patterned on glass. Bubbles were selectively generated in a target microchamber by applying a voltage to electrodes positioned in the microchamber. As a result, we successfully retrieved microparticles (100 μm in diameter) positioned in the microchambers. This method is gentle enough to maintain cellular viability, and therefore, it will be a powerful tool for the quantitative analysis of cells in an arrayed system.     

一种基于感光干膜-铟锡氧化物电极的简易细胞阻抗传感器实现细胞形态学和阻抗信息同时检测

加工一种基于感光干膜-铟锡氧化物DFP-ITO( Dry Film Photoresist-Indium Tin Oxide)电极的细胞阻抗生物传感器并实现细胞形态学和阻抗信息同时检测。35μm厚的感光干膜层压在ITO导电玻璃表面上作为绝缘层,通过照相制版技术在感光干膜绝缘层上蚀刻不同直径圆孔;以DFP-ITO作为工作电极,通过夹具和测量小池与Ag/AgCl参比电极、Pt丝对电极相连构成三电极阻抗测量系统;考察了不同直径DFP-ITO工作电极阻抗谱特征;通过细胞粘附实验及细胞毒性实验考察了感光干膜细胞生物相容性;通过光学显微镜和阻抗谱技术分别对接种在DFP-ITO电极上人肺癌细胞株A549粘附、增殖过程中的形
　　态学和阻抗信息进行检测和分析。研究结果发现不同直径DFP-ITO电极具有相似的阻抗特性;充分固化的感光干膜表面适宜A549细胞粘附且无明显的细胞毒性;基于DFP-ITO电极构建的细胞阻抗传感器能够通过光学显微镜获取A549细胞形态学数据,同时通过阻抗谱技术能够解析A549细胞粘附、增殖过程中的细胞质膜电容、细胞-细胞间隙电阻、细胞-ITO电极间隙电阻变化。本文发展了基于DEP-ITO电极的细胞阻抗传感器结构简单,可实现细胞形态学和阻抗信息的双通道获取,未来可用于细胞生理病理学行为和药物细胞毒性研究。     

Coatings of indium tin oxide nanoparticles on various flexible polymer substrates: Influence of surface topography and oscillatory bending on electrical properties

Abstract— Coatings of indium tin oxide (ITO) nanoparticles on different flexible polymer substrates were investigated with respect to the achievable sheet resistance and their electrical behavior under oscillatory bending. As substrate materials, polyethyleneterephthalate (PET), polyethylenenaphthalate (PEN), polyetheretherketone (PEEK), and polyimide (PI) were chosen, the surface resistances on the different polymer substrates were compared as a function of annealing temperature and surface topography. The surface topography, which has a strong influence on the surface resistance, was characterized by means of a white‐light confocal (WL‐CF) microscope. On the PET substrate, which exhibits the smoothest surface, the coating of ITO nanoparticles shows the lowest sheet resistance of 2 kΩ/□ for a layer thickness of 3 μm and an annealing temperature of 200°C. Furthermore, the electrical behavior of coatings of ITO nanoparticles under oscillatory bending was investigated using a special device. These coatings show a cyclic change of the conductivity which can be explained by an alternating compression and extension of crack flanks under the applied stress. Due to the growing number of cracks with increasing number of cycles, a decrease of the conductivity is observed in the bent state as well as in the balanced state. For a small bending radii, the decrease of the conductivity is stronger due to more cracks caused by the higher tensile stresses in the layer. The electrical behavior of the coatings of the annealed ITO nanoparticles on PET films under oscillatory bending was compared with commercially available sputtered ITO coatings. The annealed coatings of ITO nanoparticles demonstrate better electrical properties under oscillatory bending than coatings of sputtered ITO. The different electrical behavior under oscillatory bending can be related to differences in crack formation.     

Room‐temperature deposition of thin‐film indium tin oxide on micro‐fabricated color filters and its application to flat‐panel displays

Abstract— Direct deposition of indium tin oxide (ITO) thin film on color filters is of practical use in the fabrication of state‐of‐the‐art flat‐panel displays. Room‐temperature dc magnetron sputtering of thin‐film ITO and issues related to the integration of ITO‐on‐glass panels containing micro‐fabricated color filters and other functional materials have been investigated. The resulting polycrystalline ITO exhibited good adhesion to the underlying color filters, as well as good optical transparency and high electrical conductivity. Application of this ITO deposition technology to color liquid‐crystal and organic light‐emitting diode displays will also presented.     

ITO dry‐etching mechanism and its application in the fabrication of LCDs

Abstract— Based on HI gas‐plasma etching (high‐density plasma‐assisted RIE), the activation energy for an ITO dry‐etching reaction was obtained. The value was calculated 35–40 kJ/mol for 20 sec from the reaction starting time. The reaction dead time is characteristic of the ITO dry‐etching process, but the reaction is relatively simple. Therefore, ITO dry‐etching technology, based on HI gas plasma, is useful in the the fabrication of LCDs, and was used in a recently developed Multi‐Coaxial‐Plasma‐Source (MCPS) dry etcher.     

Experimental and numerical investigation of flexibility of ITO electrode for application in flexible electronic devices

For flexible electronic devices, the transparent conductive electrode (TCE) is the most important material for determining the flexibility of devices. Due to the brittleness of the indium tin oxide (ITO) electrode, several alternative TCEs have been developed. However, it is still difficult to successfully achieve quality as good as ITO. In this study, the flexibility of the ITO electrode was investigated with strain and fracture analysis. Effects of thickness of the ITO and the substrate on the flexibility of ITO were investigated by bending tests, numerical simulation and theoretical analysis. Flexibility of ITO electrode can be increased by reducing the thickness of ITO and substrate material. An ITO electrode with a substrate less than 50 μm could be bent to less than 4 mm without failure, and used in flexible electronics. Effects of different substrate materials on the flexibility of ITO were also investigated based on fracture analysis. We investigated the effects of PEDOT [poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)] as a buffer layer to improve flexibility. Higher flexibility of the ITO/PEDOT hybrid electrode compared to ITO was attributed to the PEDOT layer, which smoothened ITO surface and decreased the density of pinholes or voids of ITO, resulting in higher crack resistance.

     

基于介质上电润湿的钳制式液体变焦透镜

提出了一种基于介质上电润湿(EWOD)的新型液体变焦透镜结构并研制出样机。它由一个依次覆盖有氧化铟锡(ITO)透明导电薄膜及疏水介质膜的玻璃下极板、悬浮于其上方的一个中空金属环、以及作为透镜的去离子水滴组成。通过改变施加于ITO电极与金属环之间的电压大小,就能调控水滴的曲率,从而实现对透镜焦距的调节。实验结果表明,在0~40V电压范围内,该透镜样机的焦距调节范围为8.51mm至55.9mm,可实现对2.0cm至无穷远处物体的聚焦。     

Conformable displays based on polymer‐dispersed liquid‐crystal materials on flexible substrates

Abstract— We have developed a process that enables one to conform polymer‐dispersed liquid‐crystal (PDLC) displays into a particular shape indefinitely. Planar PDLC displays are first fabricated between indium tin oxide (ITO) coated polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrates. This fully functional display can then be conformed to a particular shape by heating above the glass‐transition temperature of PET and then allowing it to cool down to room temperature. The display retains its shape and is fully functional after processing. We have created spiral‐and wave‐like samples and have demonstrated their operation after the conformal process. The stress is relieved in the substrate by conforming. Temperature effects on polymer substrates were investigated for two types of polymer films (PET/ITO substrates and a conducting polymer PEDOT:PSS/PET substrate) to analyze the effects of temperature on the resistance and mechanics of the films under an applied uniaxial strain. We have found a decrease in contrast of the PDLC after conforming, but surprisingly, a reduced threshold voltage and reduced hysterisis occurs.     

Improving the performance of organic light-emitting devices by employing oxygen plasma treatment on indium-tin-oxide surfaces

ITO was modified by an oxygen plasma treatment, and its surface characteristics were evaluated by ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and contact angle technologies. The plasma discharge boosted the ITO work function without inducing surface damage, attributed to eliminating carbon contaminants instead of decreasing oxygen vacancy, and improved the surface morphology, confirmed by the smaller root-mean-square. Besides, the plasma treatment increased the surface wettability evaluated by the surface energy, which improved the adhesion between organic molecular and ITO surfaces and was beneficial for realizing high-efficiency devices. The prepared white device based on the oxygen-plasma-treated ITO performed better than the reference white device with a pristine ITO anode, demonstrating higher current efficiencies and power efficiency over a wide range of current densities. The improved efficiency is ascribed to alleviating leakage current density and reducing operating voltages.