Ontological approach to the specification of properties of software systems and their components

A new approach to the organization of life cycles of software systems is proposed that is oriented toward maximally applying reusable assets at all stages of development of new software products. This approach is based on an original mechanism of sharing problem domain ontologies and ontologies pertinent to software engineering processes and reusable solution types. Translated from Kibernetika i Sistemnyi Analiz, No. 1, pp. 180–187, January–February 2009.     

以项目为中心的面向对象复用支持

现有的软件复用技术通常是围绕着库来组织利用标准的和通用的可复用资源.例如,面向对象编程环境中的类库和通用构件库.然而,这种以库为中心的复用方式在一定程度上忽略了可复用资源的项目相关信息,而项目相关信息记录了可复用资源的应用语境(Application Context).应用语境有利于可复用资源的理解和使用.为此,提出了一种围绕着一个项目的文档来组织和利用可复用资源的复用途径,即以项目为中心的文档复用,用以支持在相同应用领域中一族软件的开发.探讨了当前的面向对象方法在支持文档复用方面的一些局限性,提出了一种     

Aligning the economic modeling of software reuse with reuse practices

In contrast to current practices where software reuse is applied recursively and reusable assets are tailored trough parameterization or specialization, existing reuse economic models assume that (i) the cost of reusing a software asset depends on its size and (ii) reusable assets are developed from scratch. The contribution of this paper is that it provides modeling elements and an economic model that is better aligned with current practices. The functioning of the model is illustrated in an example. The example also shows how the model can support practitioners in deciding whether it is economically feasible to apply software reuse recursively.     

The Bazaar inside the Cathedral: Business Models for Internal Markets

Software product-line development lets organizations better optimize software development efficiency by building a shared set of assets for reuse in multiple products. This process introduces many challenges, not least of which is creating the initial set of reusable software assets. To accomplish this, organizations often establish a central software platform group. Such a group faces a serious problem: existing systems groups already have a large set of software components that they use to build their products. If companies are to successfully transition to product-line development, these systems groups must shift their investments from existing software components to the new reusable product-line assets. One way to encourage this is to create an internal open source software community that lets systems groups actively contribute their existing components to the platform. In OSS, a community works together to develop software. Because the software's users are part of the community, they can add the assets they need. Inner-source-software (ISS) development applies OSS within a limited environment that has a closed border (such as a company, a division, or a consortium). So, companies using the ISS approach essentially establish an OSS community within the confines of their organization.     

A multi-level analysis of factors affecting software developers’ intention to reuse software assets: An empirical investigation

Reuse of software assets in application development has held promise but faced challenges. In addressing these challenges, research has focused on organizational- and project-level factors while neglecting grass-root level adoption of reusable assets. Our research investigated factors associated with individual software developers’ intention to reuse software assets and integrated them in TAM. Towards that end, 13 project managers were interviewed and 207 software developers were surveyed in India. Results revealed that the technological-level (infrastructure), and individual-level factors (reuse-related experience and self-efficacy) were major determinants. Implications are discussed.     

一种生产线架构中的工作流过程定义复用方法

针对工作流管理系统在实际应用中面临的过程定义低效、复杂的问题,借鉴软件复用的思想,提出了一种生产线架构下的工作流过程定义复用方法.该方法建立在领域业务本体和工作流模板这两类可复用资产之上,尝试建立特定领域工作流过程定义的复用机制,以提高过程定义的效率.着重探讨了可复用资产的构建、描述和检索等问题.介绍了基于复用的工作流过程定义方法,并开发了相应的实用工具以验证该方法的有效性.     

基于aspect封装的需求级特征复用方法

可复用的软件资产的确定为软件复用活动提供了基础.特征模型通过特征以及特征之间的关系来有效地组织特定领域的软件需求,为领域需求的复用提供有力支持.面向方面系统设计着眼于减少软件开发中需求或代码的纠结,将识别出的横切关注点封装成aspect,有利于开发模块化良好的软件产品以及高效的软件维护和复用.为方便特征复用,提出了一种在系统需求分析级别对特征模型进行aspect化封装的方法,可提取出遗留系统中的可复用部分.首先,通过分析同一领域遗留系统的需求文档,识别出系统关注点,建立领域的关注点层次结构;其次,基于领域关注点层次结构,提取领域特征,并对相似特征进行aspect化封装,形成特征层次模型;最后,基于建立的特征模型以及封装的aspect开发新系统,达到软件复用目的.基于新方法进行了实例分析,通过复用两个不同的Web遗留系统得到一个新的Web系统.可以看出新方法对同一个领域中的多遗留系统地复用有较好的指导意义.     

面向复用的测试设计模型的研究与实现

本文讨论了测试复用的模型和方法．在对测试设计中的可复用资产及其可复用性进行了深入分析之后，提出了一种面向复用的软件测试设计模型ROTDM．该模型定义了测试的概念模型。抽象并提取了不同颗粒度的可复用测试资产，支持引用、组装和继承等测试复用方法．在此基础上，论文讨论了基于该模型的测试设计脚本以及基于XML的数据交换，并介绍了模型实现工具的设计与实现，最后给出了测试设计复用的实验结果．     

一种基于Internet的JAR包使用信息收集方法

随着软件复用技术的发展,Internet上出现了大量可以被利用的软件资源,如Web Services, JAR包等。但是,这些软件资源常常缺乏必要的描述信息和使用说明。为此,提出了一种基于Internet的JAR包使用信息收集方法,以帮助用户检索并整理Internet上已经存在的JAR包描述信息和用户使用评论,辅助软件复用的成功进行。基于该方法,设计并实现了北京大学软件资源库JAR包使用信息收集子系统。该系统目前已经为6000余个JAR包资源收集、整理了相关的描述和评论信息。     

Monoliths to Mashups: Increasing Opportunistic Assets

Opportunities are available resources that yield desired results. An opportunity's suitability depends on who seizes it and the context for its use. Opportunistic development builds hybrid software systems from reusable resources called opportunistic assets. Mashups are Web application hybrids that consume these assets. Monoliths are self-contained systems that can produce such opportunistic assets if they can expose key functions that are easy to mash. A major barrier to reusing legacy monoliths is integration. Elevating integration connectors to first-class opportunistic assets reduces this barrier by linking to and presenting monolith applications as opportunities for mashups.