基于知识的UML图形文档自动生成

基于领域本体的需求获取使得用领域术语描述用户需求,并进行应用模型的自动分析成为可能,以尽可能地保证需求描述的正确性和完整性。从以领域概念为背景的应用模型,到以软件概念为基础的应用软件模型,是需求工程要完成的一个实质性跨越。UML是目前软件需求描述的一个实际上的标准。该文主要论述了从基于领域本体的应用需求描述到基于UML的软件需求文档的自动转换过程,文章提出建立从领域本体概念到UML概念映射规则库,以及根据UML概念填写用XML表示的UML图元模板的规则库,设计并实现了一个基于规则的,从应用需求概念到UML图元模板的自动转换工具。     

Automatic console operation as a tool for systems management

This paper presents a method for the modification of some built-in strategies of operating systems. The method is constructed to meet the special needs of a computer installation. Such needs are considered from the viewpoint of the site management and especially the problem of distributing existing computer power is looked at. The tool, which is mainly based on automatic operator intervention, is discussed together with other ways of meeting the given goal. Two special examples are given to show the feasibility and to study the overall effect on the whole system. Attention is paid to the question of how much power is consumed by an implementation of such strategy modifying modules.     

Method of normalization of knowledge on the software development infrastructure

A method is proposed for the unification of representation of knowledge on the software development infrastructure. The method is aimed at developing mutual understanding between suppliers and consumers of such knowledge. At the same time, the method allows one to use individualized external versions of knowledge that satisfy the requirements imposed upon knowledge by its suppliers or consumers with the help of a synonymy apparatus. __________ Translated from Kibernetika i Sistemnyi Analiz, No. 1, pp. 167–173, January–February 2006.     

Towards a formal framework for software reuse

It is reasonable to expect that the use of formal methods in software reuse will help improve the practice of this discipline as well as enhance our understanding of its products and processes. We have identified the following technical activities that take place in software reuse as candidates for a formal modeling: representing reusable assets, representing reuse queries, defining matching criteria, defining a storage structure, deriving measures of distance and deriving a calculus of program modification. In this paper we discuss how a simple mathematical model based on set theory and relation theory allows us to capture these activities in a unified, coherent framework.     

Wiki as a corporate learning tool: case study for software development company

In our study, we attempted to further investigate how Web 2.0 technologies influence workplace learning. Our particular interest was on using Wiki as a tool for corporate exchange of knowledge with the focus on informal learning. In this study, we collaborated with a multinational software development company that uses Wiki as a corporate tool since 2001. For our research, we used three different sources for acquisition of data. Primarily, we did an interview with top management. Next we acquired the data on usage statistics from the company Wiki. And finally we distributed a questionnaire in order to acquire users' feedback. Analysis provided many interesting results. One of the main conclusions is that Wiki is successfully used in this company, and large majority of employees finds it useful. Additionally, Wiki did aid informal learning, but there is still plenty of room for improvement.     

Ontological approach to the specification of properties of software systems and their components

A new approach to the organization of life cycles of software systems is proposed that is oriented toward maximally applying reusable assets at all stages of development of new software products. This approach is based on an original mechanism of sharing problem domain ontologies and ontologies pertinent to software engineering processes and reusable solution types. Translated from Kibernetika i Sistemnyi Analiz, No. 1, pp. 180–187, January–February 2009.     

METKIT: training in how to use measurement as a software management tool

A Science is as mature as its measurement tools. Louis PasteurThe main purpose of this paper is to present the results of the ESPRIT project METKIT, a three-year collaborative technology transfer project in the field of software engineering measurement. METKIT was concerned with developing a set of integrated training courses that show how to implement process improvement programmes and use measurement as a powerful management tool. METKIT can be used by an organization to enable them to provide in-house training to their managers and software developers to enable them to understand control and then improve software development.     

Fuzzy cognitive map software tool for treatment management of uncomplicated urinary tract infection

Uncomplicated urinary tract infection (uUTI) is a bacterial infection that affects individuals with normal urinary tracts from both structural and functional perspective. The appropriate antibiotics and treatment suggestions to individuals suffer of uUTI is an important and complex task that demands a special attention. How to decrease the unsafely use of antibiotics and their consumption is an important issue in medical treatment. Aiming to model medical decision making for uUTI treatment, an innovative and flexible approach called fuzzy cognitive maps (FCMs) is proposed to handle with uncertainty and missing information. The FCM is a promising technique for modeling knowledge and/or medical guidelines/treatment suggestions and reasoning with it. A software tool, namely FCM-uUTI DSS, is investigated in this work to produce a decision support module for uUTI treatment management. The software tool was tested (evaluated) in a number of 38 patient cases, showing its functionality and demonstrating that the use of the FCMs as dynamic models is reliable and good. The results have shown that the suggested FCM-uUTI tool gives a front-end decision on antibiotics’ suggestion for uUTI treatment and are considered as helpful references for physicians and patients. Due to its easy graphical representation and simulation process the proposed FCM formalization could be used to make the medical knowledge widely available through computer consultation systems.     

A systematic review of evaluation of variability management approaches in software product lines

Context

Variability management (VM) is one of the most important activities of software product-line engineering (SPLE), which intends to develop software-intensive systems using platforms and mass customization. VM encompasses the activities of eliciting and representing variability in software artefacts, establishing and managing dependencies among different variabilities, and supporting the exploitation of the variabilities for building and evolving a family of software systems. Software product line (SPL) community has allocated huge amount of effort to develop various approaches to dealing with variability related challenges during the last two decade. Several dozens of VM approaches have been reported. However, there has been no systematic effort to study how the reported VM approaches have been evaluated.

Objective

The objectives of this research are to review the status of evaluation of reported VM approaches and to synthesize the available evidence about the effects of the reported approaches.

Method

We carried out a systematic literature review of the VM approaches in SPLE reported from 1990s until December 2007.

Results

We selected 97 papers according to our inclusion and exclusion criteria. The selected papers appeared in 56 publication venues. We found that only a small number of the reviewed approaches had been evaluated using rigorous scientific methods. A detailed investigation of the reviewed studies employing empirical research methods revealed significant quality deficiencies in various aspects of the used quality assessment criteria. The synthesis of the available evidence showed that all studies, except one, reported only positive effects.

Conclusion

The findings from this systematic review show that a large majority of the reported VM approaches have not been sufficiently evaluated using scientifically rigorous methods. The available evidence is sparse and the quality of the presented evidence is quite low. The findings highlight the areas in need of improvement, i.e., rigorous evaluation of VM approaches. However, the reported evidence is quite consistent across different studies. That means the proposed approaches may be very beneficial when they are applied properly in appropriate situations. Hence, it can be concluded that further investigations need to pay more attention to the contexts under which different approaches can be more beneficial.