管道漏磁检测的二维数值模拟研究

在管道漏磁检测中,缺陷的定量识别一直是个难题,运用有限元分析的方法,建立了漏磁场的数学模型,然后采用有限元分析软件ANSYS建立了漏磁检测装置分析的模型,并进行了二维静态情况的仿真,获得了不同缺陷所产生的漏磁信号,并把这些结果和实验结果进行了比较分析;从这些结果中可以得出了缺陷的特征与其所产生的漏磁信号的特征之间的对应关系,采用仿真的方法来研究漏磁信号的定量识别问题并取得较好的识别效果。     

管道内部漏磁检测的仿真与实验研究

基于管道漏磁检测原理,以Φ325mm规格的管道内检测器为研究对象,运用有限元分析方法建立漏磁场的数学模型,采用ANSYS软件建立漏磁检测装置的二维实体模型,应用静态磁场仿真方法,计算分析矩形缺陷产生的漏磁信号与磁力线分布。并通过内检测器搭建的漏磁信号检测平台,采集由霍尔传感器阵列采集得到的多通道缺陷漏磁信号,分析对比两组实验数据,结果表明:数值仿真与实验数据的变化趋势一致。     

计算机仿真在管道漏磁检测中的应用

磁路的设计、校验和提高设计开发效率是漏磁检测的关键问题。该文介绍了管道漏磁检测技术的基本原理和设计要素。采用有限元仿真的方法对漏磁检测进行分析仿真,实验结果表明这是一种有效的设计校验方法。在有限元仿真、三维cad、产品数据管理等子系统的基础上构建了漏磁检测器的设计开发系统,使产品研发工作得以优化重组,有效提高了开发效率、缩短开发时间、减少开发成本。     

基于脉冲漏磁原理的涂覆层下腐蚀缺陷检测

脉冲漏磁检测技术在铁磁性板材、管道的裂纹、腐蚀等缺陷的检测方面有很大的优势.但是由于腐蚀类缺陷产生的漏磁信号非常微弱,导致常规的对称励磁结构型脉冲漏磁传感器对不同程度的腐蚀缺陷的检测灵敏度不高.为解决这一问题,提出一种新型非对称励磁结构型传感器.并利用有限元分析以及实验的方法验证了新型非对称励磁结构型传感器对无涂覆层以...     

海底管道检测机器人自主缺陷定位的模糊控制研究

针对全自主管道检测机器人对超长距离海底油气管道内壁缺陷的精确定位的难题,提出了一种基于缺陷信息定位的模糊控制方法,并将其应用在海底管道检测机器人的智能控制器中．仿真实验和模拟样机的现场测试证明,该智能控制器定位准确,工作稳定可靠,满足了检测机器人在超长距离海底油气管道内全自主精确定位的技术要求．     

漏磁信号的有限元分析与仿真

在无损检测中,仅仅发现缺陷的存在是不够的,如果能从检测到的缺陷信号中,提取被检件上缺陷的参数,从而了解被检件受损程度,这对被检件合理使用具有重要意义。该文叙述了漏磁检测的原理,介绍了有限元分析方法在管道缺陷漏磁检测中的应用,利用ANSYS软件对不同大小形状的管道缺陷产生的漏磁信号进行仿真分析,并给出了二维仿真结果,由此推导出漏磁信号的参数与缺陷形状大小的对应关系,进而由所检测到的信号反推出被检件损伤情况,为缺陷鉴别及管道寿命评价提供依据。     

基于SVR的管道裂纹漏磁场的预测分析模型

针对管道裂纹检测的技术特点和难点,提出了一种于SVR的管道裂纹漏磁场的预测分析模型.先分析了裂纹外形尺寸与漏磁场之间的关系;再通过实验的数据分析,找出管道裂纹深度、宽度及测试点位置等参量对漏磁场的影响规律;利用SVR算法建立预测分析模型,通过该模型能在有限实验基础上利用裂纹参数方便地得到裂纹漏磁场预测值.因此,该模型为利用漏磁检测法对管道裂纹进行评估提供了依据.     

海底管道缺陷在线智能检测机器人

分析了用MFL法检测管道缺陷时缺陷漏磁信号分辨率的特征,设计计算机控制的管道漏磁场分布测试系统检测、分析管道内漏磁场,优化设计用于小管径、厚管壁海底管道(ф273×12.7)缺陷检测的磁铁节,在此基础上设计制造了海底管道缺陷在线智能检测机器人,实验验证了机器人对人工模拟缺陷的检测能力.     

基于改进YOLOv5算法的管道漏磁信号识别方法

长输油气管道作为能源运输的主要方式,安全问题至关重要。管道漏磁内检测技术作为管道缺陷检测的重要方法之一,在管道安全保障中发挥着重要作用。人工智能技术可实现管道内检测数据的自动识别,对于减少人力工作量,减少人为误差,提升数据判读准确性具有重要意义。通过引入损失函数Distance-IoU对目标检测算法YOLOv5进行改进,利用改进YOLOv5算法对管道漏磁数据进行训练,使之具有对漏磁缺陷信号自动识别的能力。通过实验,对实际漏磁内检测数据进行识别。结果表明,改进的YOLOv5算法实现了管道缺陷漏磁信号的自动检测识别。并且在相同的训练条件下,改进的YOLOv5算法相较于原始算法准确率有明显的提升,在识别缺陷数量上其精度达到92.8％,比原算法提升了3.22％,改进后的模型损失函数平均损失率为3.6％,比原始YOLOv5模型降低了2.2％,表明该方法在管道缺陷漏磁数据自动识别检测方面具有较好的可行性。     

基于ARM的输油管道漏磁检测实验平台的研制

为了分析出在海底输油管道中采集到的管道缺陷数据与管道缺陷类型之间存在的对应关系,研制了一套分析管道缺陷类型的评估试验平台;该平台基于漏磁检测原理,运用ARM处理器和μC/OS-Ⅱ系统为核心,将漏磁探头传感器检测到的大量管道数据经过ARM模块预处理后存储到IDE硬盘,同时通过设计的USB接口将预处理后的数据上传到PC机,采用相应的软件对数据进行分析评估得到不同类型缺陷的信息;经过不断的研究和修改使实验平台的功能得以实现并成功进行数据的采集和分析,该实验平台为实际工程中输油管道的缺陷检测提供理论依据和现实意义。     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.     

The Distributed Time-Triggered Simulation Scheme: Core Principles and Supporting Execution Engine

Distributed real-time simulation is a young technology field but its practice is under increasing demands. In recent years the author and his collaborators have been establishing a new approach called the distributed time-triggered simulation (DTS) scheme which is conceptually simple and easy to use but widely applicable. The concept was initiated in the course of developing a new-generation object-oriented real-time programming scheme called the time-triggered message-triggered object (TMO) programming scheme. Some fundamental issues inherent in distributed real-time simulation that were learned during recent experimental studies are discussed along with some approaches for resolving the issues. An execution engine developed to support both the TMOs engaged in control computation and the TMOs engaged in DTS is also discussed along with its possible extensions that will enable significantly larger-scale DTSs.     

Software-Konfigurationsmanagement in großen Softwareprojekten

Zusammenfassung Mit zunehmender Größe der Softwaresysteme verschärfen sich die für die Software-Herstellung typischen Probleme: Beherrschen großer Objektmengen, Erhalten der Systemkonsistenz, Kontrolle der ständigen Änderungseinflüsse und Gewährleisten einer langen Lebensdauer. Die Disziplin Konfigurationsmanagement bildet den methodischen Ansatz, diese Probleme besser zu beherrschen. Software-Konfigurationsmanagement faßt die Herstellung von Softwaresystemen als eine Abfolge von kontrollierten Änderungen an gesicherten Zwischen- und Endergebnissen auf. Dargestellt werden die Objekte und Funktionen des Software-Konfigurationsmanagements sowie die hierfür in großen Software-Projekten benötigten Methoden, Instanzen und Hilfsmittel.     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and     

Editorial:Brain-machine interface(BMI) and cyborg intelligence

正Brain-machine interfaces(BMIs)aim at building a direct communication pathway between the brain and an external device,and represent an area of research where significant progress has been made during the past decade.Based on BMIs,mind information can be read out by neural signals to control     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate     

SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 57(2014)

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Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate