一种基于改进证据理论的推理决策方法

针对证据理论的Zadeh悖论问题,提出了一种基于冲突一致度与交并集动态调整的推理决策方法。首先,该方法基于对冲突度与一致度的综合考虑,引入冲突一致度的概念,并基于冲突一致度对多源证据进行折扣操作。其次,基于交并集权重的动态调整对多源证据进行融合。然后,基于最大信任做出推理决策。最后,使用MATLAB构建仿真算例来对提出的方法与典型的证据合成方法进行比较验证。实验表明,该方法切实有效,能够避免悖论问题的产生,推理结果的区分能力优于典型方法。     

基于改进证据理论的态势评估方法

证据理论是实现基于规则的态势感知主要方法之一。然而,证据理论在多源多证据合成时存在悖论问题。针对此问题,通过相异度计算对证据重要性度量与修正,提出了一种基于改进证据理论的态势评估方法,该方法包括规则度量、证据修正、规则融合和态势决策等四个阶段。实验表明,该方法能够避免利用证据理论进行态势融合中的悖论问题,在态势评估效率和准确性等方面优于Dempster、Yager和Leung等典型方法。     

基于改进证据理论的态势评估方法

证据理论是实现基于规则的态势感知主要方法之一。然而,证据理论在多源多证据合成时存在悖论问题。针对此问题,通过相异度计算对证据重要性度量与修正,提出了一种基于改进证据理论的态势评估方法,该方法包括规则度量、证据修正、规则融合和态势决策等四个阶段。实验表明,该方法能够避免利用证据理论进行态势融合中的悖论问题,在态势评估效率和准确性等方面优于Dempster、Yager和Leung等典型方法。     

基于分类修正的多证据合成方法

鉴于传统冲突量参数无法有效地衡量证据间的相似程度, 提出一种基于分类修正的多证据合成方法, 以解决证据合成中的高冲突悖论和“0”悖论. 首先, 利用证据距离参数、冲突量参数和方向角度参数共同衡量各证据间的相似程度, 将证据分为一致证据、不冲突证据、低冲突证据以及高冲突证据4 类; 然后, 利用3 个参数赋予各类证据不同的修正系数; 最后, 利用Dempster 规则对修正后的证据进行合成. 算例分析表明, 所提出的方法能够较好地解决高冲突悖论和“0”悖论, 而且保留了证据理论优良的数学性质.     

基于证据异常度的水下多源信息预处理方法

Dempster-Shafer证据理论在水下多源目标识别领域有着广泛而重要的应用, 但经典的证据理论在融合高度冲突的证据时往往会导致一些反常理的结果, 如Zadeh冲突悖论;针对这一问题,综合考虑证据体之间的冲突程度和支持程度,提出一种证据异常度的概念并对原始证据集进行异常检测,基于检测结果对原始证据体进行权重分配,引入全集项,修正证据源;在保持Dempster组合规则不变的前提下,进行有效的证据预处理,实验仿真结果验证了算法的有效性;证明对证据体进行有效的修正,可以改进经典证据理论的缺点,达到更好的融合结果。     

基于选择判据和贴近度的D-S证据融合方法

针对传统D-S证据理论难以融合高度冲突证据的问题,并考虑到证据正常时Dempster规则具有优越的聚焦性能,提出了一种基于选择判据和贴近度的证据融合方法。把贴近度概念引入到D-S证据合成中,通过证据的一致性度量来计算证据的权重,从而实现了冲突证据的加权融合。同时提出了证据修正的选择判据,将证据分成冲突与非冲突两类,对冲突的证据进行修正后再进行合成,而非冲突证据可直接进行合成。通过实例验证表明,所提出的方法不但保持了Dempster规则优越的信息聚焦性能,而且较好的解决了冲突证据的合成问题。     

基于证据向量差异度改进的冲突证据融合方法

针对传统Dempster-Shafer证据理论合成高冲突证据时会出现融合结果不合理的问题,提出了一种新的冲突证据加权方法和融合规则。该方法引入证据向量差异度概念对证据冲突系数进行修正,并应用修正后的冲突系数计算证据集互信度矩阵和证据权重,最后对加权修正后的证据进行融合。数值算例表明,该方法可以合理有效地解决冲突证据融合的问题,相比于其他改进方法,具有更快的收敛速度和更强的鲁棒性。     

基于证据支持一致性分类的证据合成方法

利用D-S证据理论评估信息安全产品的安全等级时可能产生全冲突悖论、1冲突悖论、0冲突悖论。为解决该问题,提出一种基于证据支持一致性分类的证据合成方法。基于证据支持一致性对证据进行分类后,根据专家意见的重要程度,对证据进行折扣,并将D-S合成方法和加权平均方法相结合,用于合成分类证据。分析结果证明,该方法有更好的适用性和更低的计算复杂度。     

基于选择判据与贴近度的电网故障诊断算法

针对传统D-S 证据理论难以解决高度冲突证据融合问题, 提出一种新的证据合成算法. 将贴近度概念引入D-S 证据合成中, 通过证据的一致性度量计算其权重, 实现冲突证据的加权融合. 提出证据合成方法选择判据, 将证据合成分为冲突和非冲突2 类, 分别采用改进算法和传统算法对证据进行融合. 实例验证表明, 所提出的方法信息聚焦性能优越, 可以有效解决冲突证据合成问题, 在解决电力系统故障诊断问题方面有良好的效果.

     

基于交并集的冲突自适应证据融合方法

针对证据理论在高冲突环境下的Zadeh悖论问题,提出了一种基于交并集的冲突自适应多证据融合方法。基于冲突矩阵计算证据的可信度,并依据可信度对证据进行折扣;基于证据间的冲突关系对组合规则中交集命题与并集命题的权重进行动态调整;将多元素焦元的信任在单元素焦元中进行再分配。Matlab实验仿真结果表明,与典型改进方法相比,该方法具有较高的收敛速度和区分能力,有效地解决了高冲突环境下的多证据融合问题。     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.     

The Distributed Time-Triggered Simulation Scheme: Core Principles and Supporting Execution Engine

Distributed real-time simulation is a young technology field but its practice is under increasing demands. In recent years the author and his collaborators have been establishing a new approach called the distributed time-triggered simulation (DTS) scheme which is conceptually simple and easy to use but widely applicable. The concept was initiated in the course of developing a new-generation object-oriented real-time programming scheme called the time-triggered message-triggered object (TMO) programming scheme. Some fundamental issues inherent in distributed real-time simulation that were learned during recent experimental studies are discussed along with some approaches for resolving the issues. An execution engine developed to support both the TMOs engaged in control computation and the TMOs engaged in DTS is also discussed along with its possible extensions that will enable significantly larger-scale DTSs.     

Software-Konfigurationsmanagement in großen Softwareprojekten

Zusammenfassung Mit zunehmender Größe der Softwaresysteme verschärfen sich die für die Software-Herstellung typischen Probleme: Beherrschen großer Objektmengen, Erhalten der Systemkonsistenz, Kontrolle der ständigen Änderungseinflüsse und Gewährleisten einer langen Lebensdauer. Die Disziplin Konfigurationsmanagement bildet den methodischen Ansatz, diese Probleme besser zu beherrschen. Software-Konfigurationsmanagement faßt die Herstellung von Softwaresystemen als eine Abfolge von kontrollierten Änderungen an gesicherten Zwischen- und Endergebnissen auf. Dargestellt werden die Objekte und Funktionen des Software-Konfigurationsmanagements sowie die hierfür in großen Software-Projekten benötigten Methoden, Instanzen und Hilfsmittel.     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and     

Editorial:Brain-machine interface(BMI) and cyborg intelligence

正Brain-machine interfaces(BMIs)aim at building a direct communication pathway between the brain and an external device,and represent an area of research where significant progress has been made during the past decade.Based on BMIs,mind information can be read out by neural signals to control     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate     

SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 57(2014)

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Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate